Simultaneous Determination of Bisphenols and Alkylphenols in Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

To establish an analytical method for determination of four bisphenols （BPA, BPB, BPF, and BPS） and two alkylphenols （4-n-OP, 4-n-NP） in water by ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS）. The water samples were extracted and condensed with solid-phase extraction （SPE） using C18 cartridges and eluted by acetonitrile. Separation was carried out with Acquity BEH C8 column and detection were performed by UPLC/MS/MS. Quantification was calculated by using the internal standard BPA-d16 and 4-n-NP-d8. The linear correlation coefficients of these compounds in the range of 1.0-100.0μg/L were all over 0.999. The minimum detectable concentrations were 0.75-1.0 ng/L, and the recoveries ranged from 87.0% to 106.9%.

Uncertainty Evaluation of Determination of Microcystin MC-LR in Environmental Samples by Solid Phase Extraction-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

To assess uncertainty of determination of MC-LR in environmental samples by solid phase extraction- ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry,the sources of the uncertainty were evaluated firstly,and the expanded uncertainty was calculated finally.The results show that when MC-LR concentration in the water samples was 0.50 μg/L,the expanded uncertainty was 0.00628 μg/L(k=2).

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk

Objective: To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods. Results: In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.

Transanal natural orifice specimen extraction for laparoscopic anterior resection in rectal cancer

AIM: To investigate whether transanal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) is a better technique for rectal cancer resection.METHODS: A prospectively designed database of a consecutive series of patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer with various tumor-node-metastasis classi?cations from March 2011 to February 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University was analyzed. Patient selection for transanal specimen extraction and intracorporeal anastomosis was made on the basis of tumor size and distance of rectal lesions from the anal verge. Demographic data, operative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.RESULTS: None of the patients was converted to laparotomy. Respectively, there were 16 cases in the low anastomosis and five in the ultralow anastomosis groups. Mean age of the patients was 45.4 years, and mean body mass index was 23.1 kg/m2. Mean distance of the lower edge of the lesion from the anal verge was 8.3 cm. Mean operating time was 132 min, and mean intraoperative blood loss was 84 mL. According to the principle of rectal cancer surgery, we performed D2 lymph node dissection in 13 cases and D3 in eight. Mean lymph nodes harvest was 17.8, and the number of positive lymph nodes was 3.4. Median hospital stay was 6.7 d. No serious postoperative complication occurred except for one anastomotic leakage. All patients remained disease free. Mean Wexner score was 3.7 at 11 mo after the operation.CONCLUSION: Transanal NOSE for total laparoscopic low/ultralow anterior resection is feasible, safe and oncologically sound. Further studies with long-term outcomes are needed to explore its potential advantages.

Comparison of Different Cartridges of Solid Phase Extraction for Determination of Polyphenols in Tobacco by UPLC/MS/MS and Multivariate Analysis

The comparison of solid phase extraction（SPE） for the preconcentration and isolation of polyphenols in tobacco samples was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS） and multivariate analysis.Several adsorbing materials of SPE（C18,NH2,SAX and OASIS） were investigated.It was found that the C18 and OASIS cartridges can not only speed up the purification process,but also simplify the SPE operation.A UPLC/MS/MS was used for the determination of polyphenols in tobacco samples after purification.All analytes were separated and determined in 2min.The limit of detection was 0.05 ng/mL.Cluster analysis（CA） and principal component analysis（PCA） were used for the analysis of 4 varieties（flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco,sun-cured tobacco and burley） in order to interpret the effect of planting and machining process on the concentration of polyphenols.The different types of tobacco samples could be easily clustered by CA.PCA on the chemical composition of tobacco resulted in two principal components（PCs） that take 84.2% of the total variance.The PCA and CA indicate that the polyphenols can be used for distinguishing tobacco types.

分散固相萃取净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物

该研究建立了分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(dispersive solid phase extraction-ultra-performance liquid chromatography,UPLC-MS-MS)检测蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物残留的分析方法。蜂蜜样品2 g加入10 mL水溶液充分混匀,经1%(体积分数)氨化乙腈超声辅助提取后离心,利用N-丙基乙二胺、C18、氨基键合硅胶混合材料进行分散固相萃取净化,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应监测模式正离子扫描分析。6种农药及其代谢物平均回收率为84.1%~113.8%,相对标准偏差为0.9%~6.0%,检出限为0.2~0.8μg/kg,定量限为0.7~2.5μg/kg。实验结果表明该方法快速简便、灵敏度高,适用于蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物残留同时分析。

固相萃取结合液质联用法快速筛查和分析生活饮用水中的56种抗生素

目的:建立生活饮用中56种抗生素的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。方法:将生活饮用水通过大容量采样管连接到固相萃取柱上净化,用C18柱梯度洗脱分离目标物,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水为流动相,经电喷雾离子源电离,多反应监测模式串联质谱检测。结果:56种抗生素的最低检测浓度为0.1~2.0μg·L^(-1),在其线性范围内的相关系数均大于0.995,3个浓度水平的加标回收率为63.3%~113.0%,相对标准偏差在3.1%~8.3%。结论:该方法前处理简单、快速,适用于生活饮用水中多种抗生素的快速筛查和定量检测。

液液萃取--超高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定尿中11种羟基多环芳烃

目的建立可同时测定尿中11种羟基多环芳烃(hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,OH-PAHs)的超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)法。方法尿液样品在pH=5.5条件下,在37℃水浴中经β-葡萄糖苷酸酶—芳基硫酸酯酶避光水解16 h,3.0 mL正己烷萃取、涡旋、离心,取上层有机相,重复萃取两次,合并萃取液,氮吹至近干,再复溶于20%乙腈水溶液中。流动相为水和10%异丙醇甲醇溶液,梯度洗脱模式洗脱,CORTECS C18色谱柱分离,ESI-模式测定尿液中11种羟基多环芳烃浓度,内标法定量分析。结果11种羟基多环芳烃线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.997。方法的检出限为0.01~0.10 ng/mL;日间回收率为79.8%~97.3%,精密度为1.9%~4.7%(n=3);日内回收率为78.6%~92.3%,精密度为3.7%~7.1%(n=3)。结论该方灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于人群中多种羟基多环芳烃的监测。

基于分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的大豆农药残留测定研究

本研究建立了一种分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺等6种常见农药残留的方法。方法学验证结果显示,所有农药的标准曲线线性良好(R^(2)>0.999),方法灵敏度良好;加标回收试验中不同加标浓度的相对标准偏差均小于10%,验证了方法的稳定性和可靠性。应用此方法对20份市售大豆样品进行农药残留检测,结果显示所有样品中农药残留均未超出或远低于国家规定的最大残留限量,合格率为100%。

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡粪中37种抗菌药物的含量

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)快速测定鸡粪中37种抗菌药物含量的方法。鸡粪经冻干制备,80%乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)提取,Oasis PRiME HLB通过式固相萃取净化后,利用UPLC-MS/MS测定抗菌药物含量。结果表明,37种抗菌药物浓度在0.40~200.0ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R^(2))大于0.996,检出限(LOD)为1μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为4μg/kg。37种抗菌药物在3个浓度添加标水平(LOQ、5倍LOQ、10倍LOQ)下的回收率为63.5%~104.2%,批内相对标准偏差为1.47%~10.5%,批间相对标准偏差为2.39%~14.2%。所建立方法准确、快速、灵敏、稳定,可实现鸡粪中37种抗菌药物的同时快速测定。

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定咖啡中21种真菌毒素

建立了咖啡中21种真菌毒素的固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。咖啡样品经乙腈-水-甲酸(80∶19∶1,体积比)溶液提取,使用0.05 g氧化镁结合Captiva EMR-Lipid柱净化提取液。以甲醇和1 mmol/L甲酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离,在电喷雾离子源正、负离子切换多反应监测模式下测定,基质匹配标准曲线外标法结合同位素内标法(伏马毒素)进行定量分析。结果表明,咖啡中21种真菌毒素在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))大于0.998,检出限和定量下限分别为0.001~2.000μg/kg和0.003~6.000μg/kg,在低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为78.2%~106%,相对标准偏差为0.93%~9.5%。将该方法用于13份市售咖啡制品的检测,其中5份样品中检出新兴真菌毒素恩镰孢菌素、白僵菌素,最高检出值为17.1μg/kg。该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、准确性好,可应用于咖啡中21种真菌毒素的同时测定。

盐析辅助液液萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定糕点中14种生物碱

目的建立一种应用盐析辅助液液萃取前处理技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定糕点中14种常见有毒生物碱的分析方法。方法样品加水超声处理后,在碱性条件下(pH=11),用乙腈提取,加入氯化钠盐析分层。取乙腈相氮吹至干后用40%甲醇水溶液复溶,使用0.1%甲酸-5 mmol/L甲酸铵的水溶液和乙腈为流动相,在C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.5μm)上通过梯度洗脱实现目标物分离,在串联质谱正离子多反应监测模式下进行检测,溶剂标准曲线外标法定量。结果14种生物碱在0.5~100.0 ng/mL的范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均≥0.999,检出限和定量限范围分别为0.1~2.2μg/kg和0.3~7.1μg/kg。在8.00、50.00和200.00μg/kg的加标浓度下,14种生物碱的平均回收率为76.3%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~9.8%(n=6)。结论本方法简单、快速、准确,能满足糕点中14种生物碱的快速筛查和定量分析,可用于疑似生物碱中毒的应急事件处理。

固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法测定环境水体中多种抗生素

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定环境水样中25种磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素,通过优化试验条件,使方法在2.00μg/L~200μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为1.01 ng/L~2.85 ng/L,7次测定结果的RSD为2.3%~8.0%。将该方法用于自来水和地表水测定,结果均为未检出,高、低质量浓度水平的加标回收率为61.2%~102%。

在煤油介质中TODGA的γ辐射分解及萃取性能研究

N,N,N’,N’-四辛基-3-氧戊二酰胺(N,N,N’,N’-tetraoctyl-diglycolamide,TODGA)是一种具有广泛发展前景的针对锕系核素萃取分离的酰胺荚醚类萃取剂。为研究TODGA在煤油介质中的γ辐照性能,研究采用超高效液相色谱手段,以煤油作稀释剂,研究了水相中不同硝酸浓度下γ吸收剂量对TODGA辐解的影响;评价了辐照后TODGA-煤油-3 mol·L^(-1)硝酸混合体系对碱土金属、镧系元素的萃取性能变化。研究表明:TODGA的辐解率随着体系中硝酸浓度的升高而逐渐下降,当水相添加4 mol·L^(-1)硝酸水溶液,相较于不含硝酸水溶液时可抑制18%程度的辐解。而吸收剂量的增加导致了TODGA辐解增加,当吸收剂量低于100 kGy时,TODGA的辐解程度为10%~40%;当吸收剂量为1000 kGy时,TODGA的辐解增加明显,辐解率高达70%。TODGA辐解主要由醚键断裂导致,在硝酸水溶液的作用下改变辐解路径,还会发生辛基侧链的断裂。TODGA对碱土金属元素Sr的初始萃取率为25%,吸收剂量为100 kGy时几乎不萃取Sr,而其对镧系元素(Ce、Eu、Dy)的萃取率接近100%。

SPE-UPLC联用快速检测保健品中人参皂苷Rh2成分

目的:基于固相萃取与超高液相色谱联用技术,建立一种快速准确检测保健品中人参皂苷Rh2成分的方法,为市售含有人参皂苷Rh2成分的保健品的质量评价提供参考。方法:样品预处理后经甲醇超声提取,中性氧化铝SPE小柱净化,筛选合适的洗脱剂进行HLB-SPE小柱分离纯化,采用WatersT3(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱,乙腈-水为流动相梯度洗脱,PDA全波长扫描,流速0.3 mL·min^(-1)。结果:SPE-UPLC法测得人参皂苷Rh2浓度在9.7~99.8μg·mL^(-1)与其峰面积线性关系良好(r=0.999),平均回收率为99.20%。结论:该方法准确、简便、快速,并能有效去除辅料干扰,稳定性高,可用于含有人参皂苷Rh2有效成分的保健食品的质量控制。

地表水中34种新兴污染物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱快速筛查

目的 建立基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry,UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术快速筛查地表水中34种新兴污染物的方法。方法 通过正交试验设计优化固相萃取(solid phase extraction,SPE)前处理条件,样品经Oasis~? HLB和Oasis~? MCX固相萃取柱串联富集萃取。萃取物采用Kinetex~? EVO C18色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液梯度洗脱,Q-TOF-MS “fullscan”和“targeted MS/MS”模式检测34种新兴污染物,建立34种新兴污染物母离子、子离子及保留时间的数据库。结果 地表水中34种新兴污染物在各自线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.97。检出限为0.2~10 ng/L,回收率为81.2%~119.2%,日间精密度为0.78%~18.70%。将方法应用于多份地表水样品的检测,共检出6种新兴污染物,质量浓度为1.93~157.71 ng/L。结论 该方法能简单、快速地对地表水中的多种痕量级新兴污染物进行筛查分析。

磁固相萃取结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱法检测绿茶中19种有机磷农药残留

本文采用化学共沉淀法合成磁性石墨烯(Fe_(3)O_(4)@G),并将其作为一种磁固相萃取剂用于绿茶中有机磷农药的萃取富集,结合超高效液相色谱串联质谱技术,建立同时检测绿茶中19种有机磷农药残留的分析方法。本实验选择吸附剂用量为40 mg,萃取时间20 min,样品溶液pH为7,3.0 mL丙酮解吸,氯化钠用量为4 g。结果表明,在5~500μg/L范围内,线性相关系数大于0.999,制备的Fe_(3)O_(4)@G材料具有良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。检出限(LOD)在5.0~6.0μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)在15.0~20.0μg/kg。当样品加标水平为20.0、40.0、200.0μg/kg时,回收率在61.2%~94.9%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)在2.6%~10.2%之间。本方法适用范围广,前处理易操控,有机溶剂用量少,经济,安全,材料可重复使用,该磁分散固相萃取技术在茶叶中农药的富集分离有很好的应用前景。

混合型离子交换反相吸附固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱法测定水中23种非甾体抗炎药的残留

非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)作为一种新型有机污染物,在环境水体中普遍检出,对生态系统及人体健康造成潜在的威胁,开发准确、可靠的测定水中痕量非甾体抗炎药的检测方法至为重要.本文采用Oasis MCX固相萃取柱对水样进行富集,建立测定水中23种非甾体抗炎药的超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆质谱分析方法.采用酸性条件(pH=4)萃取水样,上样的流速为2 mL·min^(−1),用4 mL甲醇-4 mL5%氨水甲醇进行洗脱,浓缩定容后用ACQUITY UPLCTM BEH C18柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.7μm),以2 mmol·L^(−1)乙酸铵+0.05%(V/V)甲酸水溶液-乙腈作为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应选择离子监测(MRM)模式进行检测,内标法定量.23种NSAIDs在相关线性范围内线性良好(r=0.9951—0.9992),回收率为80.2%—120%,相对标准偏差为0.4%—12.5%,方法检出限为0.20—4.84 ng·L^(−1).将该方法应用于10份地表水的检测,结果显示有10种NSAIDs检出,质量浓度在ND—83.5 ng·L^(−1)之间.该方法简单、灵敏、高效,可应用于环境水体中NSAIDs的检测.

磁性固相萃取前处理-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中阿维菌素类药物残留

目的建立磁性固相萃取(magnetic solid phase extraction,MSPE)前处理-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中阿维菌素类药物残留的方法。方法牛奶样品使用乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾沉淀蛋白,8 mL乙腈提取,10 mg磁性HLB净化材料净化,5%乙腈-水、乙腈进行淋洗和洗脱,使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛奶中阿维菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素。结果4种药物在0.2~200.0μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r^(2)>0.995)。阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素的检出限为0.2μg/kg,定量限为0.5μg/kg;乙酰氨基阿维菌素的检出限为0.5μg/kg,定量限为2.5μg/kg,回收率为74.31%~96.67%,相对标准偏差为0.02%~12.24%。结论本研究建立的MSPE前处理技术,极大地提高了样品前处理效率,缩短了样品检测的时间,降低了检测成本,减少了有机溶剂的使用,可应用于定量检测牛奶样品中阿维菌素类药物残留,为MSPE前处理方法的广泛应用提供参考。

分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定饲料中的多肽类抗生素

试验基于分散固相萃取净化结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法,建立一种同时测定饲料中16种多肽类抗生素(PPTs)的定量分析方法。样品经1%三氯乙酸(aq)-甲醇溶液提取,十八烷基硅胶(C18)分散固相萃取净化后上机测定。在电喷雾正电离模式下,使用多反应监测(MRM)模式,基质匹配校正曲线定量。结果显示,PPTs在相应的浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)大于0.99,检出限为0.4~12.1μg/kg,定量限为1.4~40.4μg/kg。PPTs在饲料中的平均回收率(n=6)为80.0%~114.4%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.33%~9.51%。研究表明,该方法操作简单、准确可靠、灵敏度高、分析时间短且重现性高,可广泛应用于饲料中16种PPTs的快速筛查和常规监测。