Simultaneous Determination of Bisphenols and Alkylphenols in Water by Solid Phase Extraction and Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry

To establish an analytical method for determination of four bisphenols （BPA, BPB, BPF, and BPS） and two alkylphenols （4-n-OP, 4-n-NP） in water by ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS）. The water samples were extracted and condensed with solid-phase extraction （SPE） using C18 cartridges and eluted by acetonitrile. Separation was carried out with Acquity BEH C8 column and detection were performed by UPLC/MS/MS. Quantification was calculated by using the internal standard BPA-d16 and 4-n-NP-d8. The linear correlation coefficients of these compounds in the range of 1.0-100.0μg/L were all over 0.999. The minimum detectable concentrations were 0.75-1.0 ng/L, and the recoveries ranged from 87.0% to 106.9%.

Uncertainty Evaluation of Determination of Microcystin MC-LR in Environmental Samples by Solid Phase Extraction-Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

To assess uncertainty of determination of MC-LR in environmental samples by solid phase extraction- ultra performance liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry,the sources of the uncertainty were evaluated firstly,and the expanded uncertainty was calculated finally.The results show that when MC-LR concentration in the water samples was 0.50 μg/L,the expanded uncertainty was 0.00628 μg/L(k=2).

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk

Objective: To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods. Results: In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.

Transanal natural orifice specimen extraction for laparoscopic anterior resection in rectal cancer

AIM: To investigate whether transanal natural orifice specimen extraction (NOSE) is a better technique for rectal cancer resection.METHODS: A prospectively designed database of a consecutive series of patients undergoing laparoscopic low anterior resection for rectal cancer with various tumor-node-metastasis classi?cations from March 2011 to February 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University was analyzed. Patient selection for transanal specimen extraction and intracorporeal anastomosis was made on the basis of tumor size and distance of rectal lesions from the anal verge. Demographic data, operative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.RESULTS: None of the patients was converted to laparotomy. Respectively, there were 16 cases in the low anastomosis and five in the ultralow anastomosis groups. Mean age of the patients was 45.4 years, and mean body mass index was 23.1 kg/m2. Mean distance of the lower edge of the lesion from the anal verge was 8.3 cm. Mean operating time was 132 min, and mean intraoperative blood loss was 84 mL. According to the principle of rectal cancer surgery, we performed D2 lymph node dissection in 13 cases and D3 in eight. Mean lymph nodes harvest was 17.8, and the number of positive lymph nodes was 3.4. Median hospital stay was 6.7 d. No serious postoperative complication occurred except for one anastomotic leakage. All patients remained disease free. Mean Wexner score was 3.7 at 11 mo after the operation.CONCLUSION: Transanal NOSE for total laparoscopic low/ultralow anterior resection is feasible, safe and oncologically sound. Further studies with long-term outcomes are needed to explore its potential advantages.

Comparison of Different Cartridges of Solid Phase Extraction for Determination of Polyphenols in Tobacco by UPLC/MS/MS and Multivariate Analysis

The comparison of solid phase extraction（SPE） for the preconcentration and isolation of polyphenols in tobacco samples was carried out by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC/MS/MS） and multivariate analysis.Several adsorbing materials of SPE（C18,NH2,SAX and OASIS） were investigated.It was found that the C18 and OASIS cartridges can not only speed up the purification process,but also simplify the SPE operation.A UPLC/MS/MS was used for the determination of polyphenols in tobacco samples after purification.All analytes were separated and determined in 2min.The limit of detection was 0.05 ng/mL.Cluster analysis（CA） and principal component analysis（PCA） were used for the analysis of 4 varieties（flue-cured tobacco,oriental tobacco,sun-cured tobacco and burley） in order to interpret the effect of planting and machining process on the concentration of polyphenols.The different types of tobacco samples could be easily clustered by CA.PCA on the chemical composition of tobacco resulted in two principal components（PCs） that take 84.2% of the total variance.The PCA and CA indicate that the polyphenols can be used for distinguishing tobacco types.

超高压在植物活性物质提取中的应用研究进展

植物中含有多种活性物质,并具有抗氧化、抗菌、免疫调节、抗炎等多重功效,如何从植物中快速、高效、环保地提取活性物质一直以来是食品、医药、化妆品等行业最重要的研究领域之一。超高压技术作为一种非热加工技术,近年来被广泛研究用于食品加工、提取等方面。超高压提取技术的应用提高了植物活性物质的提取率,缩短了提取时间,可作为一种替代传统固液萃取植物活性化合物的方法。该文重点综述了超高压技术的发展历程及其在植物提取方面的发展应用,超高压提取原理与提取工艺,及其在黄酮、多酚、多糖等多种活性物质提取中的应用,与传统热回流提取方法相比,超高压提取技术可以在常温或较低温度下进行,可有效缩短提取时间,提高生物活性,降低能耗。但超高压在提取植物活性物质方面的应用还面临超高压提取理论基础不完善,提取物生物活性研究有待深入、设备成本高等诸多挑战,有必要探索超高压与其他提取方法相结合的协同提取作用,进一步揭示该技术所涉及的工作机制,以期为深入应用超高压技术提取植物活性物质提供理论参考。

分散固相萃取净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物

该研究建立了分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(dispersive solid phase extraction-ultra-performance liquid chromatography,UPLC-MS-MS)检测蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物残留的分析方法。蜂蜜样品2 g加入10 mL水溶液充分混匀,经1%(体积分数)氨化乙腈超声辅助提取后离心,利用N-丙基乙二胺、C18、氨基键合硅胶混合材料进行分散固相萃取净化,采用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱分离,以甲醇和0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,多反应监测模式正离子扫描分析。6种农药及其代谢物平均回收率为84.1%~113.8%,相对标准偏差为0.9%~6.0%,检出限为0.2~0.8μg/kg,定量限为0.7~2.5μg/kg。实验结果表明该方法快速简便、灵敏度高,适用于蜂蜜中双甲脒、杀虫脒及其代谢物残留同时分析。

固相萃取结合液质联用法快速筛查和分析生活饮用水中的56种抗生素

目的:建立生活饮用中56种抗生素的固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。方法:将生活饮用水通过大容量采样管连接到固相萃取柱上净化,用C18柱梯度洗脱分离目标物,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水为流动相,经电喷雾离子源电离,多反应监测模式串联质谱检测。结果:56种抗生素的最低检测浓度为0.1~2.0μg·L^(-1),在其线性范围内的相关系数均大于0.995,3个浓度水平的加标回收率为63.3%~113.0%,相对标准偏差在3.1%~8.3%。结论:该方法前处理简单、快速,适用于生活饮用水中多种抗生素的快速筛查和定量检测。

液液萃取--超高效液相色谱串联质谱法同时测定尿中11种羟基多环芳烃

目的建立可同时测定尿中11种羟基多环芳烃(hydroxy-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,OH-PAHs)的超高效液相色谱串联质谱分析(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry,UPLC-MS/MS)法。方法尿液样品在pH=5.5条件下,在37℃水浴中经β-葡萄糖苷酸酶—芳基硫酸酯酶避光水解16 h,3.0 mL正己烷萃取、涡旋、离心,取上层有机相,重复萃取两次,合并萃取液,氮吹至近干,再复溶于20%乙腈水溶液中。流动相为水和10%异丙醇甲醇溶液,梯度洗脱模式洗脱,CORTECS C18色谱柱分离,ESI-模式测定尿液中11种羟基多环芳烃浓度,内标法定量分析。结果11种羟基多环芳烃线性关系良好,相关系数(r)均大于0.997。方法的检出限为0.01~0.10 ng/mL;日间回收率为79.8%~97.3%,精密度为1.9%~4.7%(n=3);日内回收率为78.6%~92.3%,精密度为3.7%~7.1%(n=3)。结论该方灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于人群中多种羟基多环芳烃的监测。

基于分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法的大豆农药残留测定研究

本研究建立了一种分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定吡虫啉、烯啶虫胺等6种常见农药残留的方法。方法学验证结果显示,所有农药的标准曲线线性良好(R^(2)>0.999),方法灵敏度良好;加标回收试验中不同加标浓度的相对标准偏差均小于10%,验证了方法的稳定性和可靠性。应用此方法对20份市售大豆样品进行农药残留检测,结果显示所有样品中农药残留均未超出或远低于国家规定的最大残留限量,合格率为100%。

磁性固相萃取前处理-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中阿维菌素类药物残留

目的建立磁性固相萃取(magnetic solid phase extraction,MSPE)前处理-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶中阿维菌素类药物残留的方法。方法牛奶样品使用乙酸锌和亚铁氰化钾沉淀蛋白,8 mL乙腈提取,10 mg磁性HLB净化材料净化,5%乙腈-水、乙腈进行淋洗和洗脱,使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测牛奶中阿维菌素、乙酰氨基阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素。结果4种药物在0.2~200.0μg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好(r^(2)>0.995)。阿维菌素、伊维菌素和多拉菌素的检出限为0.2μg/kg,定量限为0.5μg/kg;乙酰氨基阿维菌素的检出限为0.5μg/kg,定量限为2.5μg/kg,回收率为74.31%~96.67%,相对标准偏差为0.02%~12.24%。结论本研究建立的MSPE前处理技术,极大地提高了样品前处理效率,缩短了样品检测的时间,降低了检测成本,减少了有机溶剂的使用,可应用于定量检测牛奶样品中阿维菌素类药物残留,为MSPE前处理方法的广泛应用提供参考。

地表水中34种新兴污染物的超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱快速筛查

目的 建立基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-飞行时间质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry,UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS)技术快速筛查地表水中34种新兴污染物的方法。方法 通过正交试验设计优化固相萃取(solid phase extraction,SPE)前处理条件,样品经Oasis~? HLB和Oasis~? MCX固相萃取柱串联富集萃取。萃取物采用Kinetex~? EVO C18色谱柱分离,0.1%甲酸水溶液和0.1%甲酸甲醇溶液梯度洗脱,Q-TOF-MS “fullscan”和“targeted MS/MS”模式检测34种新兴污染物,建立34种新兴污染物母离子、子离子及保留时间的数据库。结果 地表水中34种新兴污染物在各自线性范围内呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r)大于0.97。检出限为0.2~10 ng/L,回收率为81.2%~119.2%,日间精密度为0.78%~18.70%。将方法应用于多份地表水样品的检测,共检出6种新兴污染物,质量浓度为1.93~157.71 ng/L。结论 该方法能简单、快速地对地表水中的多种痕量级新兴污染物进行筛查分析。

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鸡粪中37种抗菌药物的含量

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(SPE-UPLC-MS/MS)快速测定鸡粪中37种抗菌药物含量的方法。鸡粪经冻干制备,80%乙腈(含0.1%甲酸)提取,Oasis PRiME HLB通过式固相萃取净化后,利用UPLC-MS/MS测定抗菌药物含量。结果表明,37种抗菌药物浓度在0.40~200.0ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R^(2))大于0.996,检出限(LOD)为1μg/kg,定量限(LOQ)为4μg/kg。37种抗菌药物在3个浓度添加标水平(LOQ、5倍LOQ、10倍LOQ)下的回收率为63.5%~104.2%,批内相对标准偏差为1.47%~10.5%,批间相对标准偏差为2.39%~14.2%。所建立方法准确、快速、灵敏、稳定,可实现鸡粪中37种抗菌药物的同时快速测定。

固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定咖啡中21种真菌毒素

建立了咖啡中21种真菌毒素的固相萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)分析方法。咖啡样品经乙腈-水-甲酸(80∶19∶1,体积比)溶液提取,使用0.05 g氧化镁结合Captiva EMR-Lipid柱净化提取液。以甲醇和1 mmol/L甲酸铵-0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相,采用Agilent ZORBAX Eclipse Plus C18(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm)色谱柱分离,在电喷雾离子源正、负离子切换多反应监测模式下测定,基质匹配标准曲线外标法结合同位素内标法(伏马毒素)进行定量分析。结果表明,咖啡中21种真菌毒素在各自的质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r^(2))大于0.998,检出限和定量下限分别为0.001~2.000μg/kg和0.003~6.000μg/kg,在低、中、高3个加标水平下的平均回收率为78.2%~106%,相对标准偏差为0.93%~9.5%。将该方法用于13份市售咖啡制品的检测,其中5份样品中检出新兴真菌毒素恩镰孢菌素、白僵菌素,最高检出值为17.1μg/kg。该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、准确性好,可应用于咖啡中21种真菌毒素的同时测定。

自动固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定人尿中15种防晒剂和防腐剂

本文建立了同时快速测定人尿液中15种防晒剂和防腐剂的高通量自动固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定方法(automatic SPE-UPLC-MS/MS).人尿液经β-葡萄糖醛酸酶过夜酶解后,以Waters HLB 96-well Plate(30 mg,30μm)为基础,使用全自动固相萃取装置进行前处理,经25%乙腈溶液淋洗,甲醇-乙腈溶液(V:V=1:1)洗脱,氮吹至近干,20%乙腈溶液复溶后,采用Waters Acquity BEH C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)、二元梯度洗脱系统(流动相A为水,流动相B为乙腈)进行色谱分离.质谱方法采用多反应监测(MRM)模式、电喷雾电离负离子模式和稳定同位素内标法进行数据采集和定量分析.15种分析物在相应线性范围内的线性相关系数(r)均大于0.999,3个加标水平的加标回收率为89.1%-110%,日内和日间精密度分别为0.9%-13%和3.1%-14%,样本稳定性、提取液稳定性、上样周期稳定性和反复冻融稳定性的相对标准偏差均在10%之内.将本方法应用于300名志愿者随机尿液的测定,结果显示该人群尿液的主要检出成分为4种防腐剂,分别是羟苯甲酯(MP)、羟苯乙酯(EP)、羟苯丙酯(PP)和对氯间二甲苯酚(PCMX),检出率分别为100%、92%、82%和64%,中位浓度分别为11.5、0.53、0.65、2.09 ng·mL^(-1).综上,本方法可应用于人尿液中15种防晒剂和防腐剂的快速提取、净化和定量分析,具有操作简便、灵敏度高、效率高、人员友好和绿色环保等优势,适用于大批量样品的检测应用.

盐析辅助液液萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定糕点中14种生物碱

目的建立一种应用盐析辅助液液萃取前处理技术结合超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定糕点中14种常见有毒生物碱的分析方法。方法样品加水超声处理后,在碱性条件下(pH=11),用乙腈提取,加入氯化钠盐析分层。取乙腈相氮吹至干后用40%甲醇水溶液复溶,使用0.1%甲酸-5 mmol/L甲酸铵的水溶液和乙腈为流动相,在C18色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.5μm)上通过梯度洗脱实现目标物分离,在串联质谱正离子多反应监测模式下进行检测,溶剂标准曲线外标法定量。结果14种生物碱在0.5~100.0 ng/mL的范围内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数均≥0.999,检出限和定量限范围分别为0.1~2.2μg/kg和0.3~7.1μg/kg。在8.00、50.00和200.00μg/kg的加标浓度下,14种生物碱的平均回收率为76.3%~105.7%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~9.8%(n=6)。结论本方法简单、快速、准确,能满足糕点中14种生物碱的快速筛查和定量分析,可用于疑似生物碱中毒的应急事件处理。

纤维基离子液多酸催化剂的合成及其超深快速脱硫性能研究

采用浸渍法将Keggin型P-Mo-W多金属氧酸盐(POM)与双离子液体结合在醋酸纤维素(CA)上,获得一种用于萃取氧化脱硫(EODS)的成型催化材料,采用响应面设计实验,探究温度、催化剂质量、氧硫比以及多酸负载量对脱硫的影响。研究表明,最佳脱硫反应条件为:模拟柴油25 mL,催化剂0.16 g,温度63℃,氧硫比4.8,多酸负载量1.08,反应2 h,可将模拟燃油中99.2%的DBT脱除。

固相萃取-UPLC-MS/MS法测定环境水体中多种抗生素

采用固相萃取-超高效液相色谱串联质谱法测定环境水样中25种磺胺类和喹诺酮类抗生素,通过优化试验条件,使方法在2.00μg/L~200μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为1.01 ng/L~2.85 ng/L,7次测定结果的RSD为2.3%~8.0%。将该方法用于自来水和地表水测定,结果均为未检出,高、低质量浓度水平的加标回收率为61.2%~102%。

在煤油介质中TODGA的γ辐射分解及萃取性能研究

N,N,N’,N’-四辛基-3-氧戊二酰胺(N,N,N’,N’-tetraoctyl-diglycolamide,TODGA)是一种具有广泛发展前景的针对锕系核素萃取分离的酰胺荚醚类萃取剂。为研究TODGA在煤油介质中的γ辐照性能,研究采用超高效液相色谱手段,以煤油作稀释剂,研究了水相中不同硝酸浓度下γ吸收剂量对TODGA辐解的影响;评价了辐照后TODGA-煤油-3 mol·L^(-1)硝酸混合体系对碱土金属、镧系元素的萃取性能变化。研究表明:TODGA的辐解率随着体系中硝酸浓度的升高而逐渐下降,当水相添加4 mol·L^(-1)硝酸水溶液,相较于不含硝酸水溶液时可抑制18%程度的辐解。而吸收剂量的增加导致了TODGA辐解增加,当吸收剂量低于100 kGy时,TODGA的辐解程度为10%~40%;当吸收剂量为1000 kGy时,TODGA的辐解增加明显,辐解率高达70%。TODGA辐解主要由醚键断裂导致,在硝酸水溶液的作用下改变辐解路径,还会发生辛基侧链的断裂。TODGA对碱土金属元素Sr的初始萃取率为25%,吸收剂量为100 kGy时几乎不萃取Sr,而其对镧系元素(Ce、Eu、Dy)的萃取率接近100%。

响应面优化分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定膨化食品中3种大麻酚类化合物的含量

采用单因素和响应面法优化净化剂和提取溶剂用量,提出了题示方法。取2 g粉碎后的膨化食品样品,依次加入10 mL水、10 mL乙腈、4 g无水硫酸镁和1 g氯化钠,涡旋振荡15 min,离心5 min。取2 mL上清液置于含有200 mg十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶(C_(18))和30 mg N-丙基乙二胺(PSA)的离心管中,涡旋2 min,离心5 min,上清液过0.22μm滤膜,滤液采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆/飞行时间质谱法(UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS)测定。滤液中的大麻二酚、大麻酚、四氢大麻酚在Agilent Extend C_(18)色谱柱上用不同体积比的0.1%(体积分数)氨水溶液和乙腈的混合溶液梯度洗脱分离,电喷雾离子源负离子模式电离,基质匹配法定量。结果显示:建立的三因素三水平响应面模型为二次回归方程,相关系数为0.9949,最优条件(C_(18)、PSA和乙腈用量分别为200 mg、30 mg和10 mL)下考察指标四氢大麻酚的回收率试验值(94.1%)和预测值(93.6%)吻合;3种目标物的质量浓度在5.0~200μg·L^(-1)内和对应的母离子峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)均为10.0μg·kg^(-1);对阴性米饼进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为81.9%~94.1%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为3.9%~7.3%。方法用于米饼、饼干、薯片样品的分析,在1个进口饼干样品中检出了大麻酚(27.8μg·kg^(-1))、大麻二酚(113μg·kg^(-1))和四氢大麻酚(30.6μg·kg^(-1)),其他样品均未检出这3种目标物。