The dielectric properties of the nematic mesophase, p-methoxy benzylidene p-decyl aniline(MBDA), measured in planar geometry with a function of frequency and temperature are investigated in detail. The complex dielect...The dielectric properties of the nematic mesophase, p-methoxy benzylidene p-decyl aniline(MBDA), measured in planar geometry with a function of frequency and temperature are investigated in detail. The complex dielectric permittivity(ε' and ε'') is also studied at a bias voltage of 10 V for planar aligned sample cell of nematic mesophase. The dielectric permittivity with bias voltage attains a higher(> 2 times) value than that without bias voltage at a temperature of 56℃,which is due to the fact that the linking group of nematic molecules is internally interacted with an applied bias voltage.This is supported by observing an enhanced dielectric permittivity of nematic liquid crystal(LC) in the presence of bias voltage, which can be fully explained as the increasing of the corresponding dipole moment. The dielectric relaxation behaviors of nematic LC are also demonstrated for planar aligned sample cell. The remarkable results are observed that the relaxation frequency shifts into low frequency region with the increase of the bias voltage applied to the planar aligned sample cells. The dielectric relaxation spectra are fitted by Cole–Cole nonlinear curve fitting for nematic mesophase in order to determine the dielectric strength.展开更多
The effects of Cd^(2+) ions on the microstructure,magnetic properties,and dielectric properties of Bi_(2)O_(3)-added MgFe_(2)O_(4) ferrites(Cd_(x)Mg_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4),x=0.00,0.15,0.30 and 0.45)are obtained by adopting ...The effects of Cd^(2+) ions on the microstructure,magnetic properties,and dielectric properties of Bi_(2)O_(3)-added MgFe_(2)O_(4) ferrites(Cd_(x)Mg_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4),x=0.00,0.15,0.30 and 0.45)are obtained by adopting the solid-state reaction method at a low temperature(910℃).The objective is to achieve matching impedances,low magnetic and dielectric losses(tanδμand tanδε,respectively),and a relatively large miniaturization factor to reduce antenna size.Experimental results indicate that the cations occupying the tetrahedral(A)and octahedral(B)ion sites are redistributed,resulting in an enhanced super-exchange interaction between the two sublattices.As a result,improved magnetization,including the increase in saturation magnetization(41.74 emu/g)and decrease in coercivity(63.75 Oe),is realized.The real part of permeability(μ')also increases with increasing concentration of Cd^(2+) ions.When x is 0.15,matching impedances with equivalent μ'and ε'values are obtained over a long frequency range(1–150MHz).Moreover,the formation of a dense microstructure guarantees that losses occur at low orders of magnitude(tanδμ≈10−2 and tanδε≈10−3).Accordingly,these properties afford wide application perspectives for the proposed compounds in the high-frequency region,i.e.,from high-frequency to very-high-frequency bands.展开更多
为准确地评估交联聚乙烯(cross linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆的水树老化程度,该文提出一种基于超低频介损和U-I滞回曲线的评估方法。对3组XLPE样本分别进行0、96和168h的加速水树老化,老化结束后采用快速超低频介损设备(very-low freq...为准确地评估交联聚乙烯(cross linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆的水树老化程度,该文提出一种基于超低频介损和U-I滞回曲线的评估方法。对3组XLPE样本分别进行0、96和168h的加速水树老化,老化结束后采用快速超低频介损设备(very-low frequency dielectric loss detector,iFDS)在1mHz~1kHz范围内测试不同水树老化状态的XLPE电缆的介电频谱和不同频率下U-I滞回曲线。结果发现:水树老化后的电缆段在超低频段(1mHz~0.1Hz)的介损值显著增大,并在0.002和0.1Hz附近出现两个明显的松弛损耗峰。老化越严重的试样,U-I滞回曲线形变越严重。水树老化后电缆绝缘中产生了新的松弛极化过程,相较于单一频率0.1Hz下的介损值,超低频介电谱能够提供更丰富的绝缘状态信息。在1mHz下,U-I滞回曲线特性的偏转角变化率与曲线形变率均随超低频介损值的上升而增大,能够更加准确地评估电缆绝缘的水树老化程度。将超低频介损结合U-I滞回曲线可以有效地评估电缆绝缘的水树老化程度。展开更多
With the development of low dielectric permittivity materials having an ultra-low sintering temperature,testing their dielectric properties at terahertz frequencies suitable for 6G communication systems and implementa...With the development of low dielectric permittivity materials having an ultra-low sintering temperature,testing their dielectric properties at terahertz frequencies suitable for 6G communication systems and implementation of the fabricated materials in ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics(ULTCC)were the main goals of the research.Lithium tungstate Li_(2)WO_(4)was synthesized by a solid-state reaction and used for the preparation of green tapes and test structures with cofired internal conductive layers,which are destined for substrates of microwave and submillimeter wave circuits.Sintering behavior,thermal effects,and mass changes of the green tapes during heating were studied using a hot-stage microscope,differential thermal analysis,and thermogravimetry.A single-phase composition was revealed for being undoped and doped with AlF3–CaB_(4)O_(7)ceramics.The impact of frequency,temperature,the addition of AlF3–CaB_(4)O_(7)and CuBi_(2)O_(4)dopants,and sintering temperature was the subject of in-depth characterization of dielectric properties in a terahertz region.A glass-free composition,ultra-low sintering temperature of 590–630℃,low roughness of the green tapes,dense microstructure,compatibility with Ag conductors,low and stable dielectric permittivity of 5.0–5.8 in a broad range of 0.2–2 THz,and low dielectric loss of 0.008–0.01 at 1 THz are the main advantages of the developed ULTCC substrates.展开更多
文摘The dielectric properties of the nematic mesophase, p-methoxy benzylidene p-decyl aniline(MBDA), measured in planar geometry with a function of frequency and temperature are investigated in detail. The complex dielectric permittivity(ε' and ε'') is also studied at a bias voltage of 10 V for planar aligned sample cell of nematic mesophase. The dielectric permittivity with bias voltage attains a higher(> 2 times) value than that without bias voltage at a temperature of 56℃,which is due to the fact that the linking group of nematic molecules is internally interacted with an applied bias voltage.This is supported by observing an enhanced dielectric permittivity of nematic liquid crystal(LC) in the presence of bias voltage, which can be fully explained as the increasing of the corresponding dipole moment. The dielectric relaxation behaviors of nematic LC are also demonstrated for planar aligned sample cell. The remarkable results are observed that the relaxation frequency shifts into low frequency region with the increase of the bias voltage applied to the planar aligned sample cells. The dielectric relaxation spectra are fitted by Cole–Cole nonlinear curve fitting for nematic mesophase in order to determine the dielectric strength.
基金This work was supported by National Key Scientific Instrument and Equipment Development Project No.51827802by Major Science and Technology projects in Sichuan Province Nos.2019ZDZX0026 and 20ZDYF2818+1 种基金by the National Natural Science Foundation of China No.51872041by Foundation for University Teacher of Education of China No.ZYGX2019J011.
文摘The effects of Cd^(2+) ions on the microstructure,magnetic properties,and dielectric properties of Bi_(2)O_(3)-added MgFe_(2)O_(4) ferrites(Cd_(x)Mg_(1-x)Fe_(2)O_(4),x=0.00,0.15,0.30 and 0.45)are obtained by adopting the solid-state reaction method at a low temperature(910℃).The objective is to achieve matching impedances,low magnetic and dielectric losses(tanδμand tanδε,respectively),and a relatively large miniaturization factor to reduce antenna size.Experimental results indicate that the cations occupying the tetrahedral(A)and octahedral(B)ion sites are redistributed,resulting in an enhanced super-exchange interaction between the two sublattices.As a result,improved magnetization,including the increase in saturation magnetization(41.74 emu/g)and decrease in coercivity(63.75 Oe),is realized.The real part of permeability(μ')also increases with increasing concentration of Cd^(2+) ions.When x is 0.15,matching impedances with equivalent μ'and ε'values are obtained over a long frequency range(1–150MHz).Moreover,the formation of a dense microstructure guarantees that losses occur at low orders of magnitude(tanδμ≈10−2 and tanδε≈10−3).Accordingly,these properties afford wide application perspectives for the proposed compounds in the high-frequency region,i.e.,from high-frequency to very-high-frequency bands.
文摘为准确地评估交联聚乙烯(cross linked polyethylene,XLPE)电缆的水树老化程度,该文提出一种基于超低频介损和U-I滞回曲线的评估方法。对3组XLPE样本分别进行0、96和168h的加速水树老化,老化结束后采用快速超低频介损设备(very-low frequency dielectric loss detector,iFDS)在1mHz~1kHz范围内测试不同水树老化状态的XLPE电缆的介电频谱和不同频率下U-I滞回曲线。结果发现:水树老化后的电缆段在超低频段(1mHz~0.1Hz)的介损值显著增大,并在0.002和0.1Hz附近出现两个明显的松弛损耗峰。老化越严重的试样,U-I滞回曲线形变越严重。水树老化后电缆绝缘中产生了新的松弛极化过程,相较于单一频率0.1Hz下的介损值,超低频介电谱能够提供更丰富的绝缘状态信息。在1mHz下,U-I滞回曲线特性的偏转角变化率与曲线形变率均随超低频介损值的上升而增大,能够更加准确地评估电缆绝缘的水树老化程度。将超低频介损结合U-I滞回曲线可以有效地评估电缆绝缘的水树老化程度。
基金financed by the National Science Centre,Poland(No.2019/35/B/ST5/02674).
文摘With the development of low dielectric permittivity materials having an ultra-low sintering temperature,testing their dielectric properties at terahertz frequencies suitable for 6G communication systems and implementation of the fabricated materials in ultra-low temperature cofired ceramics(ULTCC)were the main goals of the research.Lithium tungstate Li_(2)WO_(4)was synthesized by a solid-state reaction and used for the preparation of green tapes and test structures with cofired internal conductive layers,which are destined for substrates of microwave and submillimeter wave circuits.Sintering behavior,thermal effects,and mass changes of the green tapes during heating were studied using a hot-stage microscope,differential thermal analysis,and thermogravimetry.A single-phase composition was revealed for being undoped and doped with AlF3–CaB_(4)O_(7)ceramics.The impact of frequency,temperature,the addition of AlF3–CaB_(4)O_(7)and CuBi_(2)O_(4)dopants,and sintering temperature was the subject of in-depth characterization of dielectric properties in a terahertz region.A glass-free composition,ultra-low sintering temperature of 590–630℃,low roughness of the green tapes,dense microstructure,compatibility with Ag conductors,low and stable dielectric permittivity of 5.0–5.8 in a broad range of 0.2–2 THz,and low dielectric loss of 0.008–0.01 at 1 THz are the main advantages of the developed ULTCC substrates.
