The discipline of damage tolerance assessment has experienced significant advancements due to the emergence of smart materials and self-repairable structures.This review offers a comprehensive look into both tradition...The discipline of damage tolerance assessment has experienced significant advancements due to the emergence of smart materials and self-repairable structures.This review offers a comprehensive look into both traditional and innovative methodologies employed in damage tolerance assessment.After a detailed exploration of damage tolerance concepts and their historical progression,the review juxtaposes the proven techniques of damage assessment with the cutting-edge innovations brought about by smart materials and self-repairable structures.The subsequent sections delve into the synergistic integration of smart materials with self-repairable structures,marking a pivotal stride in damage tolerance by establishing an autonomous system for immediate damage identification and self-repair.This holistic approach broadens the applicability of these technologies across diverse sectors yet brings forth unique challenges demanding further innovation and research.Additionally,the review examines future prospects that combine advanced manufacturing processes with data-centric methodologies,amplifying the capabilities of these‘intelligent’structures.The review culminates by highlighting the transformative potential of this union between smart materials and self-repairable structures,promoting a sustainable and efficient engineering paradigm.展开更多
Objective: Health materials need to target individuals who resist or are not interested in health behaviors. Attracting the interest of this audience is a crucial aspect of materials’ design. The present study aimed ...Objective: Health materials need to target individuals who resist or are not interested in health behaviors. Attracting the interest of this audience is a crucial aspect of materials’ design. The present study aimed to review the findings of psychological studies on causes of interest and to discuss the applicability of these studies to the design of health materials. Methods: We used the backward and forward snowball method for our literature review. We identified 10 relevant publications as initial sources for snowballing through a systematic search of EBSCOhost (searching PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ERIC, CINAHL and MEDLINE). Through backward and forward snowballing from these sources, 76 relevant publications were identified. Results: We identified properties and variables relevant to attracting interest and grouped them into four tactics: surprise;question;visualization;emotional appeal. Conclusion: Lessons from psychology gained in the present study may guide future studies and practices for attracting interest in health materials. The four tactics can be used to make health materials more interesting, as an example showed in the present study.展开更多
The accelerated growth of the vehicular fleet, the modernization of large urban centers, and the few adjustments to the road network in Fortaleza have intensified the problems of traffic and emissions of atmospheric p...The accelerated growth of the vehicular fleet, the modernization of large urban centers, and the few adjustments to the road network in Fortaleza have intensified the problems of traffic and emissions of atmospheric pollutants, highlighting the necessity for strategic urban planning initiatives to address the escalating issues of traffic and pollution. With the objective of analyzing the indices of concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and estimating how these levels can affect human health, this work consists of a study of the analysis of air quality in the intense trade region of Fortaleza. For this, the analysis zone was divided into three perimeters (Major - Medium - Minor), where each perimeter was analyzed at 7 am, 12 noon and 5 pm. Concentrations of the type of O<sub>3</sub>, particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>), CO<sub>2</sub> and HCHO were collected. Our results demonstrate that most of the analyses are within the limits of current legislation;however, at certain times and perimeters, the analyses of CO<sub>2</sub> and HCHO exceeded the established limits. In view of the above, we conclude that public policies to control air quality are necessary to reduce the damage to human health and the environment caused by pollutants.展开更多
The use of piezoelectric material sensors in smart composite structures is investigated. An experimental structure bonded with lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic(PZT) sensors is developed. These bonded sens...The use of piezoelectric material sensors in smart composite structures is investigated. An experimental structure bonded with lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic(PZT) sensors is developed. These bonded sensors are employed to monitor load variations and transient impacts in the structure. Incorporated with pattern recognition approach, PZT sensors have succeeded in detecting the onset and location of damages.展开更多
<strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was to explore patients’ preferences for forms of patient education material, including leaflets, podcasts, and videos;that is, to determine what forms of infor...<strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was to explore patients’ preferences for forms of patient education material, including leaflets, podcasts, and videos;that is, to determine what forms of information, besides that provided verbally by healthcare personnel, do patients prefer following visits to hospital? <strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a mixed-methods study, using a survey design with primarily quantitative items but with a qualitative component. A survey was distributed to patients over 18 years between May and July 2020 and 480 patients chose to respond.<strong> Results:</strong> Text-based patient education materials (leaflets), is the form that patients have the most experience with and was preferred by 86.46% of respondents;however, 50.21% and 31.67% of respondents would also like to receive patient education material in video and podcast formats, respectively. Furthermore, several respondents wrote about the need for different forms of patient education material, depending on the subject of the supplementary information. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides an overview of patient preferences regarding forms of patient education material. The results show that the majority of respondents prefer to use combinations of written, audio, and video material, thus applying and co-constructing a multimodal communication system, from which they select and apply different modes of communication from different sources simultaneously.展开更多
纤维增强树脂基复合材料(Fiber reinforced plastics,FRPs)因其高模高强、可设计强、耐腐蚀等优异性能,已广泛应用于航空航天等高性能领域。结构健康监测(Structural health mornitoring,SHM)对于保障复合材料结构的安全运行至关重要。...纤维增强树脂基复合材料(Fiber reinforced plastics,FRPs)因其高模高强、可设计强、耐腐蚀等优异性能,已广泛应用于航空航天等高性能领域。结构健康监测(Structural health mornitoring,SHM)对于保障复合材料结构的安全运行至关重要。随着人工智能技术的进步,机器学习方法在复合材料结构健康监测领域也得到快速发展,以数据驱动方法代替传统模型对结构状态进行判断,使得基于各类传感器的结构健康监测技术具有更高的准确性、鲁棒性及高效性。基于此,本文首先阐述了在复合材料结构健康监测领域中常用的机器学习算法,其次总结了机器学习方法在复合材料损伤模式识别、损伤位置识别和损伤程度识别几个方面的研究进展,最后讨论了基于机器学习的复合材料结构健康监测的未来发展趋势。展开更多
文摘The discipline of damage tolerance assessment has experienced significant advancements due to the emergence of smart materials and self-repairable structures.This review offers a comprehensive look into both traditional and innovative methodologies employed in damage tolerance assessment.After a detailed exploration of damage tolerance concepts and their historical progression,the review juxtaposes the proven techniques of damage assessment with the cutting-edge innovations brought about by smart materials and self-repairable structures.The subsequent sections delve into the synergistic integration of smart materials with self-repairable structures,marking a pivotal stride in damage tolerance by establishing an autonomous system for immediate damage identification and self-repair.This holistic approach broadens the applicability of these technologies across diverse sectors yet brings forth unique challenges demanding further innovation and research.Additionally,the review examines future prospects that combine advanced manufacturing processes with data-centric methodologies,amplifying the capabilities of these‘intelligent’structures.The review culminates by highlighting the transformative potential of this union between smart materials and self-repairable structures,promoting a sustainable and efficient engineering paradigm.
文摘Objective: Health materials need to target individuals who resist or are not interested in health behaviors. Attracting the interest of this audience is a crucial aspect of materials’ design. The present study aimed to review the findings of psychological studies on causes of interest and to discuss the applicability of these studies to the design of health materials. Methods: We used the backward and forward snowball method for our literature review. We identified 10 relevant publications as initial sources for snowballing through a systematic search of EBSCOhost (searching PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, ERIC, CINAHL and MEDLINE). Through backward and forward snowballing from these sources, 76 relevant publications were identified. Results: We identified properties and variables relevant to attracting interest and grouped them into four tactics: surprise;question;visualization;emotional appeal. Conclusion: Lessons from psychology gained in the present study may guide future studies and practices for attracting interest in health materials. The four tactics can be used to make health materials more interesting, as an example showed in the present study.
文摘The accelerated growth of the vehicular fleet, the modernization of large urban centers, and the few adjustments to the road network in Fortaleza have intensified the problems of traffic and emissions of atmospheric pollutants, highlighting the necessity for strategic urban planning initiatives to address the escalating issues of traffic and pollution. With the objective of analyzing the indices of concentrations of atmospheric pollutants and estimating how these levels can affect human health, this work consists of a study of the analysis of air quality in the intense trade region of Fortaleza. For this, the analysis zone was divided into three perimeters (Major - Medium - Minor), where each perimeter was analyzed at 7 am, 12 noon and 5 pm. Concentrations of the type of O<sub>3</sub>, particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>), CO<sub>2</sub> and HCHO were collected. Our results demonstrate that most of the analyses are within the limits of current legislation;however, at certain times and perimeters, the analyses of CO<sub>2</sub> and HCHO exceeded the established limits. In view of the above, we conclude that public policies to control air quality are necessary to reduce the damage to human health and the environment caused by pollutants.
文摘The use of piezoelectric material sensors in smart composite structures is investigated. An experimental structure bonded with lead zirconate titanate piezoelectric ceramic(PZT) sensors is developed. These bonded sensors are employed to monitor load variations and transient impacts in the structure. Incorporated with pattern recognition approach, PZT sensors have succeeded in detecting the onset and location of damages.
文摘<strong>Aim:</strong> The aim of this study was to explore patients’ preferences for forms of patient education material, including leaflets, podcasts, and videos;that is, to determine what forms of information, besides that provided verbally by healthcare personnel, do patients prefer following visits to hospital? <strong>Methods: </strong>The study was a mixed-methods study, using a survey design with primarily quantitative items but with a qualitative component. A survey was distributed to patients over 18 years between May and July 2020 and 480 patients chose to respond.<strong> Results:</strong> Text-based patient education materials (leaflets), is the form that patients have the most experience with and was preferred by 86.46% of respondents;however, 50.21% and 31.67% of respondents would also like to receive patient education material in video and podcast formats, respectively. Furthermore, several respondents wrote about the need for different forms of patient education material, depending on the subject of the supplementary information. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides an overview of patient preferences regarding forms of patient education material. The results show that the majority of respondents prefer to use combinations of written, audio, and video material, thus applying and co-constructing a multimodal communication system, from which they select and apply different modes of communication from different sources simultaneously.
文摘纤维增强树脂基复合材料(Fiber reinforced plastics,FRPs)因其高模高强、可设计强、耐腐蚀等优异性能,已广泛应用于航空航天等高性能领域。结构健康监测(Structural health mornitoring,SHM)对于保障复合材料结构的安全运行至关重要。随着人工智能技术的进步,机器学习方法在复合材料结构健康监测领域也得到快速发展,以数据驱动方法代替传统模型对结构状态进行判断,使得基于各类传感器的结构健康监测技术具有更高的准确性、鲁棒性及高效性。基于此,本文首先阐述了在复合材料结构健康监测领域中常用的机器学习算法,其次总结了机器学习方法在复合材料损伤模式识别、损伤位置识别和损伤程度识别几个方面的研究进展,最后讨论了基于机器学习的复合材料结构健康监测的未来发展趋势。
