GamBro AK 200 ULTRA S透析机无技术错误代码指向的维修案例解析

GamBro AK 200 ULTRA S透析机是百特金宝公司生产的双泵透析机,以血液透析滤过功能为特色,兼备血液透析、血液滤过的功能。通常,操作人员在使用过程中的操作失误,会以报警提示的形式呈现,操作人员根据报警提示的引导,即可快速更正操作,报警提示普遍与操作失误相关,然而,也有掩藏在“报警提示”表面下的特殊故障,本文对一例该类特殊故障的检修进行解析。

Comparative impact behaviours of ultra high performance concrete columns reinforced with polypropylene vs steel fibres

Polypropylene(PP) fibres have primarily used to control shrinkage cracks or mitigate explosive spalling in concrete structures exposed to fire or subjected to impact/blast loads, with limited investigations on capacity improvement. This study unveils the possibility of using PP micro-fibres to improve the impact behaviour of fibre-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete(FRUHPC) columns. Results show that the addition of fibres significantly improves the impact behaviour of FRUHPC columns by shifting the failure mechanism from brittle shear to favourable flexural failure. The addition of steel or PP fibres affected the impact responses differently. Steel fibres considerably increased the peak impact force(up to 18%) while PP micro-fibres slightly increased the peak(3%-4%). FRUHPC significantly reduced the maximum midheight displacement by up to 30%(under 20°impact) and substantially improved the displacement recovery by up to 100%(under 20° impact). FRUHPC with steel fibres significantly improved the energy absorption while those with PP micro-fibres reduced the energy absorption, which is different from the effect of PP-macro fibre reported in the literature. The optimal fibre content for micro-PP fibres is 1% due to its minimal fibre usage and low peak and residual displacement. This study highlights the potential of FRUHPC as a promising material for impact-resistant structures by creating a more favourable flexural failure mechanism, enhancing ductility and toughness under impact loading, and advancing the understanding of the role of fibres in structural performance.

CO_(2) mineralization by typical industrial solid wastes for preparing ultrafine CaCO_(3): A review

Mineral carbonation is a promising CO_(2) sequestration strategy that can utilize industrial wastes to convert CO_(2) into high-value CaCO_(3).This review summarizes the advancements in CO_(2) mineralization using typical industrial wastes to prepare ultrafine CaCO_(3).This work surveys the mechanisms of CO_(2) mineralization using these wastes and its capacities to synthesize CaCO_(3),evaluates the effects of carbonation pathways and operating parameters on the preparation of CaCO_(3),analyzes the current industrial application status and economics of this technology.Due to the large amount of impurities in solid wastes,the purity of CaCO_(3) prepared by indirect methods is greater than that prepared by direct methods.Crystalline CaCO_(3) includes three polymorphs.The polymorph of CaCO_(3) synthesized by carbonation process is determined the combined effects of various factors.These parameters essentially impact the nucleation and growth of CaCO_(3) by altering the CO_(2) supersaturation in the reaction system and the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains.Increasing the initial pH of the solution and the CO_(2)flow rate favors the formation of vaterite,but calcite is formed under excessively high pH.Vaterite formation is favored at lower temperatures and residence time.With increased temperature and prolonged residence time,it passes through aragonite metastable phase and eventually transforms into calcite.Moreover,polymorph modifiers can decrease the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains,facilitating the synthesis of vaterite.However,the large-scale application of this technology still faces many problems,including high costs,high energy consumption,low calcium leaching rate,low carbonation efficiency,and low product yield.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate ways to accelerate carbonation,optimize operating parameters,develop cost-effective agents,and understand the kinetics of CaCO_(3) nucleation and crystallization to obtain products with specific crystal forms.Furthermore,more studies on life cycle assessment(LCA)should be conducted to fully confirm the feasibility of the developed technologies.

Spatiotemporal mapping of(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine areas:Implications of economic and political realities in China

The spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors.So far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities.The(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their interrelationship.In this study,remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China,which covered approximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond mine.It was found that(1)the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types,perimeter,topography,and population density.(2)The mine area variation also reflects market and policy realities.The temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern(with the turning point occurring in 2014),closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies.(3)The complexity(D)of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation practices.To be specific,lower D indicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represents large‐scale mining.This study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement miningrelated market and policy changes.The(ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed at https://zenodo.org/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra对结核性脑膜炎的早期诊断价值

目的:评价Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra(Ultra)对结核性脑膜炎(TBM)的早期诊断价值。方法:对79例患者的临床资料进行分析,用Ultra、Xpert MTB/RIF(Xpert)、宏基因测序(mNGS)和分枝杆菌培养(MGIT)检测脑脊液(CSF)中的结核分枝杆菌。在临床诊断的基础上,分析各方法的检测性能和利福平药物敏感性。结果:Ultra的敏感度(56.4%)、曲线下面积(AUC值)和Kappa值(0.521)均高于MGIT(20%、0.600、0.236)、Xpert(40%、0.700、0.236)和mNGS(32.7%、0.664、0.352)。在31例Ultra阳性病例中,24例对利福平敏感,7例耐药性不确定。结论:与其他方法相比,Ultra检测脑脊液中结核分枝杆菌具有较高的敏感性。因此,Ultra可用于TBM的早期诊断。

Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra在儿童结核诊断中的应用价值

目的:探讨Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra在儿童结核诊断中的应用价值。方法:选取2010年1月—2022年12月山东省公共卫生临床中心收治的150例患儿作为研究对象。根据临床综合诊断确诊结果将结核病感染患儿纳入试验组(n=100),将非结核病感染患儿纳入对照组(n=50)。计算不同标本类型的敏感度、特异度、阴性预测值、阳性预测值和准确度,评价Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra检出利福平(RIF)耐药性的效能。结果:Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra的检测所有标本总敏感度为77.00%,特异度为96.00%;合并肺内标本敏感度为92.85%,特异度为96.29%,其中肺内标本中肺泡灌洗液敏感度最高为100.00%;合并肺外标本敏感度为77.55%,特异度为95.65%,其中肺外标本中淋巴结敏感度最高为100.00%。结论:不同标本类型中Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra对儿童结核的检出率差异较大,在诊断肺内结核标本时,检测肺泡灌洗液标本价值最高,在诊断肺外结核标本时,检测淋巴结标本价值最高。

Ultra-Net Emission and Solid Waste Transfer of Air Pollutants in Steel, Power and Cement Industries—The Idea of Construction and Key Technology of Denitration Engineering Transformation and By-Product Formation

In this paper, an integrated desulfurization and denitrification technology is proposed for ultra-low emissions of SO2 and NOx in the steel, power and cement industries. A cost-effective and operationally efficient control strategy is realized through a forced oxidation-absorption-reduction process, which reduces equipment investment and operating costs. The technology was adapted to continuous and intermittent denitrification in different temperature zones, promoting the recycling of desulfurization and denitrification products. The study also explored the use of a highly active absorbent obtained by the hydration reaction of coal ash and lime from a power company for the desulfurization and denitrification of sintered flue gases in iron and steel mills, which produces by-products that can be used as retarding agents in the cement industry, resulting in a circular economy. The article emphasizes the importance of improving the lime digestion process and developing new denitrification agents for environmentally safe and cost-effective flue gas treatment.

Anisotropy of Trabecular Bone from Ultra-Distal Radius Digital X-Ray Imaging: Effects on Bone Mineral Density and Age

Background: When applied to trabecular bone X-ray images, the anisotropic properties of trabeculae located at ultra-distal radius were investigated by using the trabecular bone scores (TBS) calculated along directions parallel and perpendicular to the forearm. Methodology: Data from more than two hundred subjects were studied retrospectively. A DXA (GE Lunar Prodigy) scan of the forearm was performed on each subject to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) value at the location of ultra-distal radius, and an X-ray digital image of the same forearm was taken on the same day. The values of trabecular bone score along the direction perpendicular to the forearm, TBSx, and along the direction parallel to the forearm, TBSy, were calculated respectively. The statistics of TBSx and TBSy were calculated, and the anisotropy of the trabecular bone, which was defined as the ratio of TBSy to TBSx and changed with subjects’ BMD and age, was reported and analyzed. Results: The results show that the correlation coefficient between TBSx and TBSy was 0.72 (p BMD and age was reported. The results showed that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with deceased BMD and increased age in the subject group. Conclusions: This study shows that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with decreased BMD and increased age.

库车坳陷克拉苏超深气田水侵特征及稳产对策

克拉苏超深气田水侵严重,产量递减快。通过地面地震、成像测井等资料分析,总结了断层和裂缝分布规律,结合气田生产动态特征,提出克拉苏超深气田主要有3种水侵类型:断层沟通边底水,沿裂缝非均匀水侵和局部排替不完全形成的封存水水侵,前两者为气田主要水侵形式。其水侵特征和影响范围存在明显差异:沿二级断层走向和垂向沟通边底水的能力较强,但垂直于断层方向的水侵影响较小,为局部性影响;裂缝具方向性和分布规则的特性,呈“整体分区、局部分带”的分布规律,气藏内部连通性、气藏见水顺序和水侵速度是裂缝分区分带的外在表现,对气藏水侵有全局性影响。针对气田水侵特征及开发现状,提出依据裂缝空间分布规律优化井网、加强化学堵水和注气解水锁2种配套采气技术攻关的策略。

超高性能混凝土劈拉损伤破坏的声光联合表征

为研究超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的劈拉破坏特征,采用3种不同的加载速率(0.1、0.01、0.001 mm/s)进行劈拉加载,在加载过程中采用数字图像相关(DIC)方法非接触观测裂缝演化,同时结合声发射(AE)技术对UHPC的破坏全过程进行动态监测,并基于DIC应变云图、AE参量分析试件的破坏特征。结果表明,钢纤维的掺入改善了混凝土的脆性,UHPC峰后荷载-位移曲线下降更平缓,没有出现急剧下降的情况;加载速率越高,UHPC测出劈拉强度越高,符合混凝土速率效应规律,加载速率由0.001 mm/s提升到0.01 mm/s和由0.01 mm/s提升到0.1 mm/s,劈拉峰值荷载分别提高了27.9%和28.5%。采用DIC法进行UHPC劈拉试验的变形测量可获得连续的变形数据,能完整地捕捉裂缝的开展过程,证明DIC能很好地反映试件表面裂缝开展演化过程。基于RA-AF值分析可以快捷、有效地判断混凝土中裂缝的开展类型。根据分析结果,UHPC劈拉试验的裂缝类型绝大多数为拉伸裂缝,且随着加载速率的提高,拉伸裂缝占总裂缝的比例提高。

辽宁大东沟超大型低品位金矿的发现及地质意义

大东沟金矿是辽宁省第五地质大队有限责任公司近年发现的超大型低品位金矿床。矿区大地构造位于胶-辽-吉古元古代造山/活动带辽东段西端,赋矿地层及岩性为辽河群盖县岩组二段含碳质绢云千枚岩,大规模含金构造蚀变岩带受水平(或缓倾斜)剪切构造控制,带内金矿化广泛分布,含金相对均匀,含金一般为0.3×10^(-6)~1.0×10^(-6),少数样品可达1.0×10^(-6)~3.0×10^(-6),按低品位指标圈连矿体,矿区金资源量可达1000 t以上;矿体金矿物赋存状态简单,选冶技术指标较好,矿床埋藏浅,经济潜力巨大。大东沟矿床地质特征独特,以含金品位低、规模大、具有明显的层控属性和后期热液叠加改造特征,可称之为“大东沟式”金矿,其矿床学意义深远,深入研究可为辽东金矿矿集区同类型金矿找矿实现更大的突破提供参考。

高强钢筋增强UHPC-CFST组合桥墩抗震性能研究

采用有限元软件ABAQUS,开展了高强钢筋增强UHPC-CFST组合桥墩的抗震数值建模分析,通过与已有试验结果的对比,验证了建模方法的准确性。在此基础上,分析了轴压比、UHPC强度、UHPC厚度和钢管屈服强度等参数对组合桥墩受力性能的影响规律,并给出了各参数的建议取值范围。研究结果表明:增大轴压比和纵筋配筋率可提升组合桥墩的水平承载力和耗能能力,然而会限制试件的变形;提高UHPC强度和UHPC厚度,组合桥墩的水平承载力和位移延性系数均呈现出先增大后减小的趋势;提升钢管屈服强度可稳步增强组合桥墩的水平承载力;增加钢管厚度可明显提升组合桥墩的抗震性能,而体积配箍率和混凝土强度对组合桥墩的抗震性能影响较小。基于分析数据样本,采用多元非线性回归分析得到水平峰值荷载和位移延性系数的计算方法,公式计算值与有限元分析值吻合良好。

基于泊松噪声和优化极限学习机的多因素混合学习方法及应用

针对风电功率数据高波动性和间歇性的特点,文章提出了一种基于泊松噪声的互补集合经验模态分解(CEEMDPN)和改进的蛇优化算法(MSO)优化极限学习机的多因素混合学习方法。首先,利用CEEMDPN将风电功率序列分解为子序列;然后,引入曲线自适应调整参数改进蛇优化算法;最后,运用MSO优化的极限学习机(ELM)对每个子序列进行预测并集成。为了验证CEEMDPN-MSO-ELM模型的有效性,采用龙源电力集团的风电功率数据进行超短期预测,实证结果表明,CEEMDPN算法能够加强风电功率序列的主频率部分并提高分解精度,MSO算法能够很好地平衡算法的寻优速度与收敛精度,从而有效提升ELM模型的预测性能,所提模型的预测精度和稳健性均优于其他对比模型。

超高压辅助酶法制备黑斑蛙皮抗氧化肽及其活性评估

为提高黑斑蛙加工副产物蛙皮的综合利用价值,对黑斑蛙蛙皮抗氧化肽的提取工艺及性能进行研究。采用超滤方法对黑斑蛙蛙皮的蛋白酶解液进行分离,得到不同分子量范围的小分子肽,通过体外抗氧化试验和秀丽隐杆线虫模型,评价不同分子量范围蛙皮小分子肽的抗氧化性能;以高活性小分子肽得率为目标,采用响应面方法对酶添加量、超高压压力、超高压时间、液料比四个参数优化,确定小分子肽最佳提取工艺。结果表明,1~2000 Da小分子肽具有最强的抗氧化能力,DPPH自由基、ABTS^(+)自由基清除率分别达到了76.93%、59.23%,并显著提高了秀丽隐杆线虫的抗氧化能力;在中性蛋白酶水解的基础上,二次酶解最佳工艺参数为碱性蛋白酶用量10210 U/g,超高压压力315 MPa,压力作用时间9.3 min,液料比16倍,1~2000 Da小分子肽得率为25.26%。超高压辅助双酶水解显著提高了黑斑蛙蛙皮小分子肽的得率,为黑斑蛙副产物的高值化利用提供了参考。

井地电磁法在塔河油田剩余油评价中的应用探索

塔河油田超深碳酸盐岩储层经过多年开发,水侵井逐年增多,储层油、气和水的关系极其复杂,为此,利用井地电磁法开展了剩余油分布探测的应用探索研究。针对超深小尺寸目标识别难题,通过井中目的层段10 m或5 m间距多位置电磁场激发,地面采用25 m×25 m高密度大面积阵列数据采集,获取了高质量井地电磁三维数据集,进而开展数据预处理、三维差分相位异常处理、三维差分视电阻率处理和三维电阻率反演,获得了激发井段差分视电阻率(反映电性特征)、差分相位异常(反映激发极化性特征)和电阻率的三维地电结构模型,最后,利用测井解释成果进行标定,对目标区的剩余油空间分布进行刻画和解释,解释结果与生产井已有成果资料吻合。应用结果表明,井地电磁法为解决超深复杂碳酸盐岩储层剩余油的分布评价难题提供了很好的技术手段。

基于UFAC应力吸收层的抗反射裂缝性能评价

目的为了解决“白加黑”技术中的反射裂缝问题,针对目前常用的悬浮密实型高弹改性沥青混合料(super flexible asphalt concrete,SFAC)应力吸收层变形量较大、容易造成上部沥青加铺层不利于受力的缺陷,方法提出基于CAVF法和富沥青理念优化设计的骨架密实型UFAC应力吸收层。采用有限元ABAQUS数值模拟方法对“白加黑”路面结构进行受力分析,并通过加速加载试验、冲击韧性试验和劈裂试验对材料与结构的抗反射裂缝性能进行评价。结果重载条件下,UFAC应力吸收层和高弹改性沥青应力吸收层的竖向位移相差5.93×10^(-2)mm,沥青加铺层底部所受竖向压应力σy、最大主应力σ_(max)、最大剪应力τ_(12)分别降低24%,32.3%,27.7%。当路面存在严重脱空或常规脱空情况时,基于UFAC应力吸收层的路面结构比GAC加铺路面结构的抗疲劳开裂性能分别提升48%,36%。与传统的悬浮型砂粒式AC-5应力吸收层相比,UFAC-5应力吸收层的冲击韧性增加60.8%,劈裂抗拉强度提高16.8%。结论基于UFAC应力吸收层的沥青加铺技术,通过增大常规改性沥青膜厚保证必要的疲劳抗拉能力,并采用骨架密实型级配显著提高集料间的嵌挤能力和内摩阻力,减小层间结构变形,可有效减缓沥青加铺层反射裂缝的产生与发展。

液液萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定尿液中乌头碱和新乌头碱

建立液液萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定尿液中乌头碱和新乌头碱的含量。向尿液样品中加入一定量的萃取溶剂,涡旋,离心,取上层有机相,重复萃取两次,合并萃取液,氮吹至干,再复溶于乙腈中。以乙腈和含0.1%甲酸的2 mmol/L甲酸铵溶液作为流动相,梯度洗脱,采用Acquity BEH C_(18)色谱柱分离,电喷雾离子源正离子方式扫描,多反应监测模式监测,以保留时间和特征离子定性,外标法定量。乌头碱和新乌头碱的质量浓度在1.0~100.0μg/L范围内与其色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均不小于0.998,方法检出限为0.01μg/L。样品加标平均回收率为99.2%~105.4%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.7%~4.1%(n=5)。该方法灵敏度高,准确可靠,适用于食物中毒患者尿液中乌头碱和新乌头碱的检测。

纳米或超细WC-Co粉体制备过程强化研究进展

【目的】总结纳米或超细碳化钨钴(WC-Co)粉体制备过程的研究,解决WC-Co做为热喷涂原料对机械零件的磨损和腐蚀的影响。【研究现状】总结纳米或超细WC-Co制备过程强化、反应路径,以及Co对还原碳化过程的作用等;其中机械作用力强化包括球磨强度的影响、氧化钨原料的影响、反应温度的影响,原子或分子水平强化包括气相化学合成、喷雾转化,气相碳质强化反应过程包括烃类物质、一氧化碳;纳米或超细WC-Co制备过程反应路径包括还原过程、碳化过程;对还原碳化过程的作用包括Co对氧化钨还原碳化过程具有催化作用、Co影响WC-Co产物粒径、Co含量增加降低碳化温度、Co促进气态碳源析碳等。【结论与展望】提出WC-Co粉体制备反应路径方面,应深入揭示制备反应路径,应进一步分析缺碳相η物相在制备过程中的作用,对W、Co、C扩散的影响机制;认为模拟分析反应过程中还原碳化气与固体原料之间的热量、质量传递过程,可为制备过程进一步优化调控和反应器放大设计奠定理论基础;同时WC-Co粉体热喷涂性能方面,用于机械件的喷涂处理时,应测试涂层的抗磨损和腐蚀性能,反馈调控优化和制备过程。

UHPC预制管混凝土组合柱抗震性能

为研究在低周反复荷载下超高性能混凝土(UHPC)预制管混凝土组合柱的抗震性能,进行共计3根UHPC预制管混凝土组合柱和1根钢筋混凝土柱的拟静力试验,分析在不同UHPC强度和核心混凝土有无配筋情况下,各组合柱试件的破坏模式、位移延性、耗能能力、刚度退化等方面抗震性能.分析结果表明:UHPC预制管混凝土组合柱试件的滞回曲线较为饱满,破坏形态基本相同,均为整体压弯破坏;与传统钢筋混凝土(RC)柱相比,UHPC预制管混凝土组合柱刚度、屈服荷载、延性性能均有提升;随着UHPC强度增大,组合柱试件的滞回曲线更为饱满,耗能能力增强,残余位移小,水平峰值荷载和位移延性系数分别提高了20.60%和6.40%,表现出良好的整体抗震性能;采用ABAQUS程序建立组合柱的有限元分析模型,计算结果与试验结果吻合良好;轴压比、长细比、UHPC强度是影响UHPC预制管混凝土组合柱抗震性能的重要参数,可为同类工程设计提供参考.

高强钢丝布增强UHPC约束混凝土柱轴压性能

为掌握新型高强钢丝布增强超高性能混凝土(UHPC)的约束效应,研究高强钢丝布面密度和层数变化对约束混凝土柱轴压性能的影响规律.首先,利用混凝土泊松比、延性指数和韧性指数对高强钢丝布增强UHPC的约束效应进行评估;其次,考虑高强钢丝布与UHPC提供的约束力,建立复合约束层的侧向约束力模型;最后,基于Ottosen破坏准则和有效约束指标,建立约束混凝土轴压本构模型.研究结果表明:约束柱受压时呈明显的延性破坏,高强钢丝布增强UHPC约束体系可有效抑制裂缝发展,减缓加载后期试件刚度退化;与未约束柱相比,约束柱极限承载力、峰值压应变和峰值应力的最大增幅分别为147.0%、104.0%和58.0%;当高强钢丝布层数从1层增加至2层,面密度增加至3.3倍时,约束柱极限承载力、峰值压应变和峰值应力分别提高了8.4%、29.3%和15.8%,延性指数和韧性指数分别提高了50.3%和44.2%.对比经典约束混凝土轴压本构模型,本文建立的模型结果与试验结果吻合度较高.