Nitrogen monoxide vector of ultrasonic atomizing inhalation improves vertebro-basilar artery insufficiency Hemodynamic changes are detected by transcranial Doppler test

BACKGROUND： Latest researches at home and abroad indicate that glycerol trinitrate plays its function because it can metabolize into nitrogen monoxide （NO） in vivo. OBJECTIVE： To study the therapeutic effects of NO vector of ultrasonic atomizing inhalation on vertebro-basilar artery insufficiency （VBI） through transcranial Doppler （TCD） detection and serum NO content and indirect effect of TCD on cerebral blood flow changes. DESIGN： Randomized grouping and controlled clinical study. SETTING： Department of Neurology, the Fourth People＇s Hospital of Jinan. PARTICIPANTS： A total of 130 patients who were diagnosed as VBI were selected from Department of Neurology, the Fourth People＇s Hospital of Jinan from December 2001 to December 2005. The involved inpatients were checked by CT and MRI, and met the VBI diagnostic standard enacted by the Fourth National Academic Meeting of Cerebrovascular Disease in 1995. All patients and their relatives provided the confumed consent. They were randomly divided into low-dose treatment group （n =60）, high-lose treatment group （n =30） and control group （n =40）. METHODS： Patients in the low-dose and high-dose treatment groups were given ultrasonic atomizing inhalation of 3 mg and 5 mg glycerol trinitrate, respectively, for 20 minutes, once a day. In addition, ligustrazine and energy mixture were used once a day for three days in a course. Cases in the control group were only given ligustrazine and energy mixture. All selected cases accepted TCD, blood NO content was checked at the time of beginning, after the first time and after a period of treatment. According to the TCD test, VBI patients were divided into two groups （high-low flow velocity）. The vertebral artery （VA） and basal artery （BA） of left or right sides were detected by 2 Hz detector via occipital window. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： ①Blood flow velocity of systolic phase, blood flow velocity of diastole phase and vascular resistance in left and right VA and BA detected by using TCD before treatment, after treatment for one course; ②content of serum NO indirectly measured by using nitric acid disoxidation technique. RESULTS： All 130 VBI patients were involved in the final analysis. ①Changes of hemodynamic indexes： Systolic phase of VA and diastole phase of BA were higher in low-dose treatment group than that in the control group after first treatment, and there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05）; meanwhile, systolic phase and diastole phase of VA and systolic phase of BA were also higher in treatment group than that in the control group after one course （P 〈 0.05）. However, both systolic phase and diastole phase of VA and BA were lower in high-dose treatment group than that in the control group after first treatment and one course, and there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05）. ②Content of serum NO： After first treatment, there was no significant difference between low-dose treatment group and high-dose treatment group （P 〉 0.05）; but both groups were higher than control group, and there was significant difference （P 〈 0.05, 0.01）. CONCLUSION： NO vector of ultrasonic atomizing inhalation can improve VBI so as to improve cerebral blood-supply state.

APPROACH OF IMPROVING PRECISION IN ULTRASONIC DOPPLER BLOODSTREAM SPEED MEASUREMENT BY CHAOS-BASED FREQUENCY DETECTING

It is critical for cerebral vascular disease diagnosis through Doppler to detect the maximum and the minimum of the carotid blood flow speed accurately. A kind of Duffing system under an external periodic power with dump is introduced in the letter, numerical analysis is carried out by four-order Runge-Kutta method. An oscillator array is designed according to the frequency of the ultrasonic wave. When the external signals are inputted, computational algorithm is used to scan the array in turn and analyze the result, and the frequency can be determined. Based on the methods above, detecting the carotid blood flow speed accurately is realized. The Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) of-20.23dB is obtained by the result of experiments. In conclusion, the SNR has been improved and the precision of the measured bloodstream speed has been increased, which can be 0.069% to 0.13%.

Simultaneous measurement of velocity profile and liquid film thickness in horizontal gas–liquid slug flow by using ultrasonic Doppler method

Horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flows widely exist in chemical engineering,oil/gas production and other important industrial processes.Slug flow pattern is the main form of horizontal gas-liquid flows and characterized by intermittent motion of film region and slug region.This work aims to develop the ultrasonic Doppler method to realize the simultaneous measurement of the velocity profile and liquid film thickness of slug flow.A single-frequency single-channel transducer is adopted in the design of the field-programmable gate array based ultrasonic Doppler system.A multiple echo repetition technology is used to improve the temporal-spatial resolution for the velocity profile.An experiment of horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow is implemented in an acrylic pipe with an inner diameter of 20 mm.Considering the aerated characteristics of the liquid slug,slug flow is divided into low-aerated slug flow,high-aerated slug flow and pseudo slug flow.The temporal-spatial velocity distributions of the three kinds of slug flows are reconstructed by using the ultrasonic velocity profile measurement.The evolution characteristics of the average velocity profile in slug flows are investigated.A novel method is proposed to derive the liquid film thickness based on the instantaneous velocity profile.The liquid film thickness can be effectively measured by detecting the position and the size of the bubbles nearly below the elongated gas bubble.Compared with the time of flight method,the film thickness measured by the Doppler system shows a higher accuracy as a bubble layer occurs in the film region.The effect of the gas distribution on the film thickness is uncovered in three kinds of slug flows.

Doppler examination and cerebral arterial stricture in patients with ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND: With the development of interventional therapy, it is necessary for evaluating cerebral vessels to instruct treatment and determine prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke; however, correlation of distribution of infarction focus and clinical symptoms with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the characteristics of cerebral arterial stricture of patients with ischemic stroke with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and color duplex flow imaging (CDFI) and compare the correlation between distribution of cerebral infarction focus and clinical types with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN: Contrast observation. SETTING: Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were selected from the Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University from January to December 2005, including 106 males and 53 females aged from 27 to 88 years. Bases on diagnostic criteria of cerebrovascular disease established by Rao et al, clinical manifestations of all patients were evaluated with CT or nuclear magnetic resonance. All patients provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: The accepted patients received TCD and CDFI examination at 1 week after onset of ischemic stroke. Among them, 112 patients received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. MRI was used to check cerebral infarction focus and cerebrovascular stricture > 50% was regarded as the accepted vessels. In addition, DWI-T2 TCD (Germany) was used to check middle cerebral artery, and degrees of middle cerebral artery were classified into mild, moderate and severe stricture based on blood velocity (140 cm/s, 180 cm/s). Stroke was classified based on characteristics of infarction focus and clinical symptoms showed with MRI and correlation with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture was analyzed simultaneously. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Correlation between the characteristics of ischemic stroke and clinical symptoms checked with TCD and CDFI. RESULTS: A total of 159 patients with ischemic stroke were involved in the final analysis; in addition, 112 cases received cerebrovascular imaging examination simultaneously. ① MRI results of 159 patients with cerebral artery occlusive disease (CAOD): There were 131 patients (82.3%) with cerebral infarction, 40 (25.2%) with transient ischemic attack and 4 (2.5%) with subclavian steal syndrome (SSS). ② Infarction types with MRI examination: There were 33 patients (20.8%) with solitary cerebral infarction and 98 (61.6%) with multiple-cerebral infarction. ③ Results of TCD, CDFI, MRI angiography, CT angiography and digital subtraction angiography (DSA): Among 112 patients, 181 lesion sites (61.8%) were located in cranium and 112 lesion sites were located out of cranium; especially, lesion site was mostly observed in stem of middle cerebral artery (31.2%) and watershed of basilar artery (7.2%) in cranium and the beginning site of internal carotid artery (21.4%) out of cranium. ④ Correlation of vascular stricture checking with TCD, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, MRI and clinical diagnosis demonstrated that 68 patients had a watershed infarction; meanwhile, TCD examination indicated that there were 3 patients with mild vascular stricture, 24 with moderate vascular stricture and 36 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among 68 patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 27 patient with mild vascular stricture, 26 with moderate vascular stricture and 15 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences (χ2 =26.854, P =0.001). Clinical diagnosis indicated that 40 patients had transient ischemic attack and TCD examination demonstrated that there were 8 patient with mild vascular stricture, 12 with moderate vascular stricture and 20 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences as compared with 68 patients with watershed infarction (χ2 =21.258, P =0.001). ⑤ Correlation of vascular stricture checking with CDFI, MRI and clinical diagnosis: On one hand, among patients who were determined as watershed infarction with MRI and clinical diagnosis, CDFI examination indicated that there were 32 patients with mild vascular stricture at neck, 25 with moderate vascular stricture and 6 with severe vascular stricture. On the other hand, among patients with non-watershed infarction, there were 48 patient with mild vascular stricture, 18 with moderate vascular stricture and 2 with severe vascular stricture. There were significant differences (χ2 =6.018, P =0.019). Among patients with transient ischemic attack checking with clinical diagnosis, there were 23 patient with mild vascular stricture, 9 with moderate vascular stricture and 8 with severe vascular stricture. There were no significant differences as compared with patients with non-watershed infarction (χ2 =0.597, P =0.440). CONCLUSION: ① TCD and CDFI are effective marks to determine cerebral arterial stricture and hemodynamical changes. ② Infarction and transient ischemic attack at watershed are generally clinical phenotypes of CAOD patients and infarction at watershed is correlated with degrees of cerebrovascular stricture. ③ TCD, MRI and clinical analysis of stroke types are significant for instructing treatment and evaluate prognosis.

Comparison of detection results of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy at different degrees in infant patients between brain electrical activity mapping, transcranial Doppler sonography and computer tomography examinations

BACKGROUND： It has been proved that brain electrical activity mapping （BEAM） and transcranial Doppler （TCD） detection can reflect the function of brain cell and its diseased degree of infant patients with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy （HIE）. OBJECTIVE： To observe the abnormal results of HIE at different degrees detected with BEAM and TCD in infant patients, and compare the detection results at the same time point between BEAM, TCD and computer tomography （CT） examinations. DESIGN ： Contrast observation SETTING： Departments of Neuro-electrophysiology and Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College. PARTICIPANTS： Totally 416 infant patients with HIE who received treatment in the Department of Newborn Infants, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College during January 2001 and December 2005. The infant patients, 278 male and 138 female, were at embryonic 37 to 42 weeks and weighing 2.0 to 4.1 kg, and they were diagnosed with CT and met the diagnostic criteria of HIE of newborn infants compiled by Department of Neonatology, Pediatric Academy, Chinese Medical Association. According to diagnostic criteria, 130 patients were mild abnormal, 196 moderate abnormal and 90 severe abnormal. The relatives of all the infant patients were informed of the experiment. METHOOS： BEAM and TCD examinations were performed in the involved 416 infant patients with HIE at different degrees with DYD2000 16-channel BEAM instrument and EME-2000 ultrasonograph before preliminary diagnosis treatment （within 1 month after birth） and 1,3,6,12 and 24 months after birth, and detected results were compared between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Comparison of detection results of HIE at different time points in infant patients between BEAM. TCD and CT examinations. RESULTS： All the 416 infant patients with HIE participated in the result analysis. （1） Comparison of the detected results in infant patients with mild HIE at different time points after birth between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： BEAM examination showed that the recovery was delayed, and the abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1 and 3 months after birth [55.4%（72/130）vs. 17.0% （22/130 ）,x^2=41.66 ;29.2% （ 38/130 ） vs. 6.2% （ 8/130 ）, x^2=23.77, P 〈 0.01 ], exceptional patients had mild abnormality and reached the normal level in about 6 months. TCD examination showed that the disease condition significantly improved and infant patients with HIE basically recovered 1 or 2 months after birth, while CT examination showed that infant patients recovered 3 or 4 months after birth. （2） Comparison of detection results of infant patients with moderate HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination 1,3,6 and 12 months after birth [90.8% （178/196）,78.6% （154/196）,x^2=4.32,P 〈 0.05;64.3% （126/196）,43.9% （86/196） ,x^2=16.44 ;44.9% （88/196） ,22.4% （44/196）,x^2=22.11 ;21.4% （42/196）, 10.2% （20/196）,x^2=9.27, P 〈 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that there was still one patient who did not completely recovered in the 24^th month due to the relatives of infant patients did not combine the treatment,. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 23.1%（30/196）in the 1^st month after birth, and all the patients recovered to the normal in the 3^rd month after birth, while CT examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in the 24^th month after birth （1.0% ,2/196）. （3） Comparison of detection results of infant patients with severe HIE at different time points between BEAM, TCD and CT examinations： The abnormal rate of BEAM examination was significantly higher than that of CT examination in the 1^st, 3^rd, 6^th and 12^th months after birth[86.7% （78/90）,44.4% （40/90）,x^2=35.53;62.2% （56/90）,31.1% （28/90）,x^2=17.51 ;37.8% （34/90）,6.7% （6/90）, x^2=27.14, P 〈 0.01]. BEAM examination showed that mild abnormality still existed in 4 infant patients in the 24^th month after birth. TCD examination showed that the abnormal rate was 11.1% （10/90） in the 3^rd month after birth, and all the infant patients recovered in the 6^th month after birth. CT examination showed that the abnormal rate was 6.7%（6/90） in the 12^th month after birth, and all of infant patients recovered to the normal in the 24^th month after birth.CONCLUSION ： BEAM is the direct index to detect brain function of infant patients with HIE, and positive reaction is still very sensitive in the tracking detection of convalescent period. The positive rate of morphological reaction in CT examination is superior to that in TCD examination, and the positive rate is very high in the acute period of HIE in examination.

A gas kick early detection method outside riser based on Doppler ultrasonic wave during deepwater drilling

The feasibility of gas kick early detection outside the riser was analyzed based on gas-liquid multiphase flow theory.Then an experimental platform for gas kick early detection based on Doppler ultrasonic wave was established and the propagation experiments in two-phase flow of gas-water(sucrose solutions)were conducted.The time and frequency domains of the Doppler ultrasonic wave signals during the experiments were analyzed.The results show that:(1)No matter the pump was on or off,the detected average Doppler ultrasonic signal voltage increased first and then decreased with the increase of the gas void fraction,and had a quadratic function relation with gas void fraction,so the average voltage change of the monitored signals can be used to deduce the approximate gas void fraction.The Doppler ultrasonic wave signal voltage was significantly reduced in magnitude and variation in the solution with higher viscosity,and the viscosity has stronger impact on the magnitude of signal than density.(2)When the pump was stopped,the Doppler shift increased with the increase of gas void fraction,and the two showed a nearly linear relation,so the detected amount of Doppler shift can reflect the variation of gas void fraction quantitatively.When the pump was on,the sound energy produced by frequency converter had a more significant impact on amplitude spectrum than gas void fraction,so it is impossible to determine whether gas kick occurs by frequency domain signal analysis.(3)This method is a non-contact measurement,with no contact with the drilling fluid and no disruption to the drilling operation.It can quantitatively characterize the gas void fraction according to the change of Doppler ultrasonic signal,enabling earlier detection of gas kick.

ON THE IDENTIFICATION OF RESIDUAL IMPACT PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS BY ACOUSTO-ULTRASONICS——A PATTERN RECOGNITION APPROACH

This paper deals with the application of Acousto-ultrasonics,in con- junction with Pattern Recognition and Classification techniques,to the identification of residual impact properties of a class of polymeric material,namely,Polyvinylchlo- ride(PVC).PVC specimens of different low-energy repeated impact damage states are processed by Acousto-ultrasonics(AU)to retrieve AU signals in the form of dig- italized records.These AU signals are grouped as distinct classes,each pertaining to a known level of repeated impact damage.Describing features of these AU signals are used to build Pattern Recognition(PR)Classifiers.These classifiers are used to identify unknown damage states in other PVC specimens by classifying the re- trieved AU signals as belonging to one of the classes.The obtained results indicate that Acousto-ultrasonics in combination with Pattern Recognition and Classification techniques can be used for the quantitative non-destructive identification of damage states in PVC specimens of unknown low-energy repeated impact conditions.

Three-Dimensional Velocity Distribution Measurement Using Ultrasonic Velocity Profiler with Developed Transducer

This study describes an ultrasonic velocity profiler that uses a new ultrasonic array transducer with unique 5-element configuration, with all five elements acting as transmitters and four elements as receivers. The receivers are designed to reduce the amount of uncertainty. As the fluid moves through this setup, four Doppler frequencies are obtained. The multi-dimensional velocity information along the measurement line can be reconstructed. The transducer has a compact geometry suitable for a wide range of applications, including narrow flow areas. The transducer’s basic frequency and sound pressure are selected and evaluated to be compatible with the application. First, to confirm the measurement ability, the measurement of the developed system in two-dimensional flow is validated by comparing it to the theoretical data. The uncertainty of measurement was within 15%. Second, the three-dimensional measurement in turbulent and swirling flow is proved experimentally to check the applicability of the proposed technique.

眼部超声Doppler血流计的研制

眼部正常的血液供应是维持眼部组织正常生理功能的基础。该文介绍了一种无创检测眼部血流速度瞬时相对变化和眼部血流状况的超声Doppler血流计,该血流计由超声波信号发生器、超声波换能器、放大器、混频器、A/D转换器和微型计算机等组成,可实时、在体、无创检测眼部血流速度和血容量的相对变化,具有结构简单、使用方便等特点。

糖尿病患者颅外段脑动脉粥样硬化的彩色超声Doppler检测及临床意义

目的 探讨2型糖尿病患者颅外段脑动脉粥样硬化的彩色超声Doppler变化，对缺血性脑病，特别是脑梗塞的及早诊断提供重要依据。方法 应用二维声像图，彩色血流显像及频谱Doppler对80例2型糖尿病惠者和100例健康对照组进行颈动脉．椎动脉检测．连接超声工作站，将信息收集贮存以便分析，结果 糖尿病组超声检出粥样硬化斑者63例，斑块发生率为79％。非糖尿病组检出斑块14例，斑块发生率为14％。根据声像图特点，斑块分为四型，软斑为脑梗塞的危险信号。斑块与脑梗塞的侧向分辨力为93％。两组斑块发生率经X^2检验，有显著性差别（P〈0．005）。结论 颅外段脑动脉粥样硬化是糖尿病的重要井发症之一，彩色超声显像及Doppler可清晰显示硬化的程度、斑块大小，性质、部位、血流动力学参数及Doppler形态的改变等，为临床预测脑梗塞提供诊断依据。

SOURCE OF DOPPLER EFFECT IN BLOOD FLOW

Ordinary the Doppler effect in blood now was explained with thevariation of period or wavelenth. From vector compositing, the Doppler errect inblood flow is now explained with the variation of propergation velocity of ultrasound in different coordinates systems. The basic rormula of Doppler frequencyshift is derived' The experimental results are discussed.

SY-TI型调制脉冲超声Doppler血流检测仪的研制

1 仪器组成及工作原理1.1 仪器组成本文所用调制型脉冲超声Doppler血流检测仪主要由三部分组成,即主机部分、记录部分及Doppler信号处理与频谱分析部分。其主要技术指标是,工作频率:5.0±0.000002MHz,辐射声强:连续正弦波小于8.0mW/cm^2,调制脉冲波小于2.0mW/cm^2;调制脉冲频率,为7.5kHz;空间采样尺寸,1.0～15.0mm可调;空间采样分辨率,1.5～2.0mm;可测深度,0.0～8.0±0.1cm;诊断深度,连续波0.0～3.0cm,脉冲波0.4～3.0cm;

DNA无创产前检测及彩色多普勒超声检查在高危孕妇胎儿 染色体异常筛查中的应用价值

目的探讨DNA无创产前检测(NIPT)及彩色多普勒超声(简称彩超)检查在高危孕妇胎儿染色体异常筛查中的应用价值。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月于该院接受产前检查的5862例高危孕妇作为研究对象,均接受NIPT、彩超检查,以羊水穿刺结果或分娩结局作为诊断胎儿染色体异常的金标准,比较NIPT、彩超检查及二者联合检查对高危孕妇胎儿染色体异常的诊断效能。结果5862例高危孕妇中共检出167例胎儿染色体异常,检出率为2.85%。167例胎儿染色体异常中胎儿染色体数目异常161例,构成比为96.41%;胎儿染色体结构异常6例,构成比为3.59%。彩超检查共诊断出119例孕妇胎儿染色体异常,经一致性分析,彩超检查诊断胎儿染色体异常的灵敏度为0.713,特异度为0.884,准确率为87.96%,Kappa=0.215,P<0.05。NIPT共诊断出133例孕妇胎儿染色体异常,经一致性分析,NIPT诊断胎儿染色体异常的灵敏度为0.796,特异度为0.945,准确率为94.05%,Kappa=0.408,P<0.05。彩超检查联合NIPT共诊断出158例孕妇胎儿染色体异常,经一致性分析,二者联合检查诊断胎儿染色体异常的灵敏度为0.946,特异度为0.986,准确率为98.50%,Kappa=0.775,P<0.05。结论NIPT与彩超检查用于筛查高危孕妇胎儿染色体异常均具有一定价值,二者联合检查可获得更高的灵敏度、特异度和准确率,能有效降低漏诊及误诊风险。

妊娠晚期感染新型冠状病毒孕妇胎儿产前多普勒超声检查及妊娠结局分析

目的:探讨妊娠晚期新型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)感染孕妇的胎儿产前超声、多普勒检查结果及妊娠结局。方法:比较42例确诊轻度SARS-CoV-2感染的妊娠晚期孕妇和103例阴性孕妇产前超声、多普勒血流、胎儿出生体重、出生孕周、生产方式、妊娠结局、孕妇并发症及新生儿情况的差异。结果:SARS-CoV-2感染孕妇较阴性孕妇妊娠期BMI升高,胎儿大脑中动脉搏动指数和脑胎盘比减小,产前胎心异常及子痫前期发生率升高(P<0.05)。结论:轻度SARS-CoV-2感染孕妇并不存在较高的胎儿生长受限风险。

健康体检彩色多普勒超声常规检查甲状腺对健康管理的意义

目的:分析健康体检彩色多普勒超声常规检查甲状腺的应用意义。方法:回顾性分析2022年2月-2023年8月来广东省第二人民医院进行健康体检的612名人士临床资料,以病理学为诊断金标准,分析彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节的诊断价值。结果:612名健康体检人士,经手术病理学确诊甲状腺良性结节100例,恶性结节25例。100例甲状腺良性结节中,45例甲状腺腺瘤,33例结节性甲状腺肿,22例甲状腺囊肿。恶性结节患者25例中,9例甲状腺乳头状癌,7例分化癌,5例滤泡性腺癌,4例髓样癌。超声确诊123例,漏诊、误诊2例,分别为45例甲状腺腺瘤、33例结节性甲状腺肿、22例甲状腺囊肿、9例甲状腺乳头状癌、5例分化癌、5例滤泡性腺癌、4例髓样癌。诊断符合率为98.40%;甲状腺良恶性结节的超声征象对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);甲状腺良恶性结节的血流信息差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:彩色多普勒超声常规检查可用于筛查甲状腺病变,鉴别甲状腺结节性质,提高健康管理干预效果。

多普勒超声波技术在河道断面流速流量监测中的应用

基于多普勒超声波技术的基本原理,分析其在河道断面流速流量监测中的具体应用,包括多点流速剖线测量、走航式流量测量、湍流监测。通过一条典型河流的应用实例,验证了该技术在复杂河道条件下的有效性和高效性。结果表明,多普勒超声波技术为水文过程研究和河流管理提供了重要的数据支持。

实时剪切波超声弹性成像在儿童疾病检查中的研究进展

实时剪切波超声弹性成像(SWE)作为超声医学领域的一种新的检查方法,通过声辐射力脉冲在组织不同深度上连续聚焦,反映组织绝对软硬度,已广泛应用于成人疾病检查中。目前SWE亦逐步应用于儿童相关疾病诊断,如脂肪肝、婴幼儿梗阻性黄疸、先天性胆总管囊肿、白血病弥漫性肝浸润等肝脏常见疾病,还应用于慢性肾病、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病、先天性肌性斜颈及脑性瘫痪等其他儿科疾病中。

经颅多普勒超声定量分析缺血性脑卒中患者颅内血流的应用价值

目的 探讨经颅多普勒超声定量分析缺血性脑卒中患者颅内血流状况的应用价值。方法 选取治疗的缺血性脑卒中患者90例作为观察组,另选正常体检者60例作为对照组,均采用彩色多普勒超声检测颅内血流参数相关指标,收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张期末血流速度(EDV)、平均血流速度(MV);颅内动脉灌注的阻力指数(RI)、血管搏动指数(PI)。结果 观察组PSV、EDV、MV分别为(62.60±7.96)cm/s、(27.38±4.29)cm/s、(41.08±6.14)cm/s,均低于对照组(88.54±7.35)cm/s、(35.07±4.74)cm/s、(67.84±6.51)cm/s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),观察组RI和PI分别为(0.63±0.13)%和(0.78±0.12)%,均高于对照组(0.52±0.11)%和(0.69±0.10)%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 缺血性脑卒中患者经颅多普勒超声显示颅内动脉血流呈现低流速,血管阻力增大,为临床诊断脑卒中提供参考。

阴道超声测囊芽差联合血清hCG、E_(2)、P、CA125水平对早期先兆流产的诊断价值

目的:探讨阴道超声测囊芽差联合血清人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hCG)、雌二醇(E_(2))、孕酮(P)、糖类抗原125(CA125)水平对早期先兆流产(ETA)的诊断价值。方法:选取2023年2月-2024年2月北海市第二人民医院收治的63例ETA患者作为ETA组,另选取同期接受产检的45例正常孕妇作为正常妊娠组,均接受经阴道彩色多普勒超声检查和血清hCG、E_(2)、P、CA125检测,比较两组囊芽差、血清指标水平,进行单因素与多因素logistic回归分析,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估诊断价值。结果:ETA组囊芽差异常率较正常妊娠组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);ETA组hCG、E_(2)、P较正常妊娠组更低,CA125更高,孕囊差更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,孕囊差(OR=1.885)、CA125(OR=1.893)是影响ETA发生的独立危险因素(P<0.05),hCG(OR=0.713)、E_(2)(OR=0.629)、P(OR=0.675)是保护因素(P<0.05);绘制ROC曲线显示,囊芽差、hCG、E_(2)、P、CA125、5项联合诊断ETA的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.765、0.737、0.670、0.628、0.592、0.881(P<0.05)。结论:囊芽差、hCG、E_(2)、P、CA125均可用于诊断ETA,阴道超声测囊芽差异常对诊断ETA有重要意义,联合诊断价值更高,可为后续治疗提供可靠依据,提高妊娠成功率。

彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值

目的探讨彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢癌淋巴结转移的诊断价值。方法选取98例卵巢癌患者,术前均接受彩色多普勒超声检查。以病理检查结果为金标准,比较淋巴结转移与未转移患者的血流分级和彩色多普勒超声检查影像特征,评估彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢癌患者淋巴结转移的诊断效能。结果病理检查结果显示,98例卵巢癌患者中,淋巴结转移56例,淋巴结未转移42例。与淋巴结未转移患者比较,淋巴结转移卵巢癌患者的血流信号更丰富,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。淋巴结转移卵巢癌患者圆形结节、有中心坏死、有包膜侵犯比例均明显高于淋巴结未转移患者,结节大小明显大于淋巴结未转移患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。彩色多普勒超声检查诊断卵巢癌患者淋巴结转移的灵敏度为96.43%,特异度为97.62%,准确度为96.94%,阳性预测值为98.18%,阴性预测值为95.35%。结论彩色多普勒超声检查对卵巢癌患者淋巴结转移情况有一定的诊断价值,能清晰地显示病灶血流状况。