Dynamics of vibrational chaos and entanglement in triatomic molecules: Lie algebraic model

In this paper, the dynamics of chaos and the entanglement in triatomic molecular vibrations are investigated. On the classical aspect, we study the chaotic trajectories in the phase space. We employ the linear entropy to examine the dynamical entanglement of the two bonds on the quantum aspect. The correspondence between the classical chaos and the quantum dynamical entanglement is also investigated. As an example, we apply our algebraic model to molecule H2O.

Decontamination of alachlor herbicide wastewater by a continuous dosing mode ultrasound/Fe^(2+)/H_2O_2 process

We used a ultrasound/Fe2＋/H2O2 process in continuous dosing mode to degrade the alachlor. Experimental results indicated that lower pH levels enhanced the degradation and mineralization of alachlor. The maximum alachlor degradation （initial alachlor concentration of 50 mg/L） was as high as 100% at pH 3 with ultrasound of 100 Watts, 20 mg/L of Fe2＋, 2 mg/min of H2O2 and 20℃ within 60 min reaction combined with 46.8% total organic carbon removal. Higher reaction temperatures inhibited the degradation of alachlor. Adequate dosages of Fe2＋ and H2O2 in ultrasound/Fe2＋/H2O2 process not only enhance the degradation efficiency of alachlor but also save the operational cost than the sole ultrasound or Fenton process. A continuous dosing mode ultrasound/Fe2＋/H2O2 process was proven as an effective method to degrade the alachlor.

H_2O超声过程中H_2O_2生成动力学

采用 5 0kHz超声清洗槽式声化学反应器 ,以纯水为空化液体 ,研究了超声过程中H2 O2 生成动力学 .分别探讨了空化气体种类 (Ar,O2 )及组成与流量、空化液体体积与反应器形状对H2 O2 生成速率及产率的影响 .结果表明 ,超声过程中H2 O2 的生成可采用零级反应动力学方程来进行描述 .在此频率下和考察范围内 ,采用Ar作为空化气体比O2 更有利于H2 O2 的生成 .当混合气体组成为Ar∶O2 =70∶30 (V/V)时 ,H2 O2 的生成速率最快 .随着空化气体流量的增加 ,H2 O2 产率增加 ,随后降低 .增加空化液体的体积 ,H2 O2 的生成速率降低 .与锥形瓶相比 ,圆底烧瓶中H2 O2

Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonographic assessment of an anal fistula with and without H_2O_2 enhancement

AIM： To evaluate the effectiveness of three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound （3D-EAUS） in the assessment of anal fistulae with and without H202 enhancement. METHODS： Sixty-one patients （37 males, aged 17-74 years） with anal fistulae, which were not simple low types, were evaluated by physical examination and 3D-EAUS with and without enhancement. Fistula classification was determined with each modality and compared to operative findings as the reference standard. RESULTS： The accuracy of 3D-EAUS was significantly higher than that of physical examination in detecting the primary tract （84.4% vs 68.7%, P = 0.037） and secondary extension （81.8% vs 62.1%, P = 0.01） and localizing the internal opening （84.2% vs 59.7%, P = 0.004）. A contrast study with H202 detected several more fistula components including two primary suprasphincteric fistula tracks and one supralevator secondary extension, which were not detected on non-contrast study. However, there was no significant difference in accuracy between 3D-EAUS and H202- enhanced 3D-EAUS with respect to classification of the primary tract （84.4% vs 89.1%, P = 0.435） or secondary extension （81.8% vs 86.4%, P = 0.435） or localization of the internal opening （84.2% vs 89.5%, P = 0.406）. CONCLUSION： 3D-EAUS was highly reliable in the diagnosis of an anal fistula. H2O2 enhancement was helpful at times and selective use in difficult cases may be economical and reliable.

鹿蹄草中2″-O-没食子酰基金丝桃苷的提取工艺研究

以东北野生鹿蹄草为原料,利用超声辅助提取技术进行提取,在单因素实验的基础上对提取条件进行了考察,根据CCD(Central Composite Design)实验设计原理,采用3因素3水平的响应面分析法,以鹿蹄草中主要黄酮2″-O-没食子酰基金丝桃苷(2″-O-galloylhyperin)为指标,对提取过程进行优化,得到最佳工艺参数为:提取时间45min,超声功率40 kHz,提取次数3次,提取温度60℃,液固比33∶1,乙醇浓度50%。在最佳提取条件下,2″-O-没食子酰基金丝桃苷的提取率可达5.024 mg.g-1。

Theoretical investigations on heat transfer to H2O/CO2 mixtures in supercritical region

The supercritical H2O/CO2 mixture is the working fluid to drive a turbine in a novel power generation system with coal gasified in supercritical water.This system is promising because of zero pollution emission in contrast to the conventional coal-fired power plant.Heat transfer coefficients of the supercritical H2O/CO2 mixtures are important to design heat transfer devices in this system,which is similar to the role of heat transfer to supercritical water in conventional systems.However,heat transfer to supercritical mixtures has received less attention.Here,we show that the supercritical mixtures with H2O being one of the components,have similar convection heat transfer behavior to supercritical pure fluids for temperatures and pressures above the critical point of H2O.This phenomenon was demonstrated from two aspects.Firstly,the forced convection heat transfer coefficients of supercritical mixtures were numerically calculated using the simulation model for supercritical pure fluids and using the thermophysical properties(density,heat capacity,thermal conductivity and viscosity)of supercritical mixtures as input.The calculated results agree well with experimental data in the supercritical region.Secondly,the calculated results also agree well with the correlations for supercritical pure fluids.The mechanisms were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations on the diffusion of supercritical mixtures.These results lay the foundation for predicting convection heat transfer coefficients of supercritical mixtures and for designing heat transfer devices with supercritical mixtures as heat transfer fluids.