Relationship between ultrasound parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries and intrauterine fetal distress

BACKGROUND By comprehensively analyzing the blood flow parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries,doctors can more accurately identify fetal intrauterine distress,as well as assess its severity,so that timely interventions can be implemented to safeguard the health and safety of the fetus.AIM To identify the relationship between ultrasound parameters of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries and intrauterine distress.METHODS Clinical data of pregnant women admitted between January 2021 and January 2023 were collected and divided into the observation and control groups(n=50 each),according to the presence or absence of intrauterine distress.The ultrasound hemodynamic parameters of the uterine artery(UtA),fetal middle cerebral artery(MCA),and umbilical artery(UmA)were compared with neonatal outcomes and occurrence of intrauterine distress in the two groups.RESULTS Comparison of ultrasonic hemodynamic parameters,resistance index(RI),pulsatility index(PI),and systolic maximal blood flow velocity of UmA compared to diastolic blood flow velocity(S/D),revealed higher values of fetal MCA,PI,and S/D of UmA in pregnant women with UtA compared to controls(P<0.05),while there was no difference between the two groups in terms of RI(P<0.05)The incidence of a neonatal Apgar score of 8-10 points was lower in the observation group(66.7%)than in the control group(90.0%),and neonatal weight(2675.5±27.6 g)was lower than in the control group(3117.5±31.2 g).Further,cesarean section rate was higher in the observation group(70.0%)than in the control group(11.7%),and preterm labor rate was higher in the observation group(40.0%)than in the control group(10.0%).The incidence of fetal distress,neonatal growth restriction and neonatal asphyxia were also higher in the observation group(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION Fetal MCA,UmA,and maternal UtA hemodynamic abnormalities all develop in pregnant women with intrauterine distress during late pregnancy,which suggests that clinical attention should be paid to them,and monitoring should be strengthened to provide guidance for clinical intervention.

Viscoelastic evaluation of fetal umbilical vein for reconstruction of middle cerebral artery

The transplantation of artificial blood vessels with 〈 6 mm inner diameter as substitutes for human arterioles or veins has not achieved satisfactory results. Umbilical vein has been substituted for ar- tery in vascular transplantation, but it remains unclear whether the stress relaxation and creep be- tween these vessels are consistent. In this study, we used the fetal umbilical vein and middle cere- bral artery from adult male cadavers to make specimens 15 mm in length, 0.196-0.268 mm in tu- nica media thickness, and 2.82-2.96 mm in outer diameter. The results demonstrated that the stress decrease at 7 200 seconds was similar between the middle cerebral artery and fetal umbilical vein specimens, regardless of initial stress of 18.7 kPa or 22.5 kPa. However, the strain increase at 7 200 seconds of fetal umbilical veins was larger than that of middle cerebral arteries. Moreover, the stress relaxation experiment showed that the stress decrease at 7 200 seconds of the fetal umbilical vein and middle cerebral artery specimens under 22.5 kPa initial stress was less than the decrease in these specimens under 18.7 kPa initial stress. These results indicate that the fetal umbilical vein has appropriate stress relaxation and creep properties for transplantation. These properties are advantageous for vascular reconstruction, indicating that the fetal umbilical vein can be transplanted to repair middle cerebral artery injury.

Vein transplantation using human umbilical cord blood stem cells in the treatment of stroke sequela

BACKGROUND: Transplanted mononuclear cell (MNC) of umbilical blood can survive in central nervous system (CNS) of host through blood brain barrier, differentiate into nerve cells, migrate to damaged site and integrate morphological structure and function with nerve cells of host so as to improve deficiencies of sensatory function, motor function and cognitive function and influence on stroke sequela. OBJECTIVE: To observe the vein transplantation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells (HUCBSC) for improving neurological function, limb function and activity of daily living of patients with stroke and evaluate the reliability. DESIGN: Self-controlled study. SETTING: Department of Neurosurgery, the Second People's Hospital of Zhengzhou City; Red-crossed Blood Center of Henan Province; Department of Neurosurgery, the Fist Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 10 patients with stroke sequela were selected from Department of Cerebral Surgery, the Second People's Hospital of Zhengzhou City from April to December 2005. There were 9 males and 1 female aged from 35 to 75 years with the mean age of 56 years. All of them were diagnosed with CT and MRI examination and coincidence with diagnostic criteria of stroke established by the Fourth National Academic Meeting for Cerebrovascular Disease. All patients provided informed consent. METHODS: 80-140 mL umbilical blood of term birth of newborn was selected hermetically and maintained in sterile plastic bag. And then, the blood was centrifugated at the speed of 1 500 r/min for 30 minutes at 22 ℃ in order to separate MNC, i.e., HUCBSC. In addition, after final diagnosis during hospitalization, stroke patients were perfused with HUCBSC through superficial vein of back of the hand. Each patient was averagely perfused with 6 portions of HUCBSC (cellular numbers ≥ 1×108/portion) and the interval between each portion was 1-7 days with the mean interval of 4 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Neurological function of stroke patients was evaluated with neurological function deficiency (NFD) before treatment and at 3 months after treatment. The scale includes consciousness, level fix function, facial paralysis, language, muscle force of upper limbs, muscle force of lower limb and step function. The total scores ranged from 0 to 45; meanwhile, the lower the scores were, the better the neurological function was. ② Motor function of injured limbs was evaluated with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), including motor function of upper limbs, motor function of lower limbs, balance ability, sensory function and motion of joint. The total scores ranged from 0 to 226; meanwhile, the higher the scores were, the better the motor function of limbs was. ③ Activities of daily living (ADL) was evaluated with Barthel Index (BI), including having meals, taking a bath, dressing oneself, putting on clothes, walking in balance and stair activity. The total scores ranged from 0 to 100; meanwhile, the higher the scores were, the stronger the ADL was. RESULTS: A total of 10 patients were involved in the final analysis. After treatment, NFD of stroke patients was (10.9±5.09) points, which was lower than that before treatment [(25.4±6.09) points, t =8.213, P < 0.01]. In addition, after treatment, FMA and BI of stroke patients were (80.9±25.00) points and (81.1±15.93) points, respectively, which were higher than those before treatment [(31.9±21.85) points, (36.2±19.41) points, t =13.024, 13.670, P < 0.01]. Immuno-suppressive drugs were not used during the whole therapeutic procedure; moreover, immunological rejection and allergic reaction were not observed during the same period. CONCLUSION: Transplanting HUCBSC through superficial vein of back of the hand is regarded as a simple and safe method for the treatment of stroke sequela.

Fetal umbilical vein transplantation for the repair of middle cerebral artery injury

It is necessary to investigate the longitudinal tensile mechanical characteristics of the middle cere- bral artery and the fetal umbilical vein prior to applying fetal umbilical vein transplantation for repair of injured middle cerebral artery. Fifteen fresh fetal umbilical vein specimens and 15 normal human fresh cadaver middle cerebral artery specimens were collected for longitudinal tensile testing at the speed of 0.5 mm/min and at normal human temperature. The results showed that under 16.0 kPa physiological stress, the strain value of fetal umbilical vein specimens was larger, while the maximal stress and elastic modulus values were less than those of middle cerebral artery specimens. Our findings indicate that fetal umbilical vein has good elastic properties and the stress-strain curve of the fetal umbilical vein is similar to that of the middle cerebral artery. Fetal umbilical vein transplan- tation can, therefore, potentially repair the injured middle cerebral artery.

Shengmai Suppressed Vascular Tension in Umbilical Arteries and Veins of Human and Sheep

Objective—The umbilical cord is a critical pathway between mothers and fetuses, and regulations of umbilical vessel tension are important for fetal growth. Shengmai is an herbal medicine being used in treatments of cardiovascular diseases. However, effects of Shengmai on human blood vessels and related pharmacological mechanisms are unclear. Methods—This study investigated the effects of related mechanisms of Shengmai and its key compounds on human and sheep umbilical arteries and veins using organ bath systems. Key Findings—Shengmai significantly suppressed phenylephrine-stimulated vasoconstriction in umbilical arteries and veins. NG-Nitro-L-arginine Methyl Estercould not change the Shengmai-suppressed vasoconstriction in human and sheep umbilical vessels. Among four key compounds of Shengmai, Ginsenoside Re, Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Rg1, and Schisandrin, only Ginsenoside Re showed the significant effect similar to Shengmai’s in the umbilical vessels. In Ca2+-free solution, Ginsenoside Re did not affect vasoconstriction. In addition, caffeine- or phenylephrine-stimulated vasoconstriction were not changed by Ginsenoside Re. Either charybdotoxin or glibenclamide could inhibit Ginsenoside Re-caused inhibition of the stimulated vasoconstriction in both human and sheep umbilical vessels, where 4-aminopyridine did not show the similar inhibitory effect. Conclusion—The results provide new information on Shengmai’s effects and underlying mechanisms in umbilical vessels. Importantly, the information gained offers interesting potential for developing new drugs acting on umbilical cords for fetal medicine.

Correlation between the umbilical artery flow ultrasound parameters of intrauterine fetal distress and fetal ischemic hypoxic damage

Objective: To study the correlation between the umbilical artery flow ultrasound parameters of intrauterine fetal distress and fetal ischemic hypoxic damage. Methods: A total of 158 puerperae who gave birth in our hospital between July 2016 and June 2017 were selected and divided into the intrauterine distress group (Apgar<7 points) and normal pregnancy group (Apgar≥7 points) according to the neonatal Apgar score, the umbilical artery flow ultrasound parameters at 24-30 weeks, 31-36 weeks and 37-41 weeks of gestation were determined, and the umbilical arterial blood gas parameters and oxidative stress molecule levels were determined. Results: At 24-30 weeks, 31-36 weeks and 37-41 weeks of gestation, umbilical arterial RI, PI and S/D of intrauterine distress group were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group;umbilical arterial pH and PaO2 of intrauterine distress group were significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group and negatively correlated with RI, PI and S/D while PaCO2 and lactic acid levels were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group and positively correlated with RI, PI and S/D;SOD, GSH-px and CAT levels in umbilical artery of intrauterine distress group were significantly lower than those of normal pregnancy group and negatively correlated with RI, PI and S/D while MDA and 8-OHdG levels were significantly higher than those of normal pregnancy group and positively correlated with RI, PI and S/D. Conclusion: Umbilical artery flow ultrasound characteristics of intrauterine fetal distress are characterized by the increased resistance and decreased blood flow and are correlated with the degree of fetal hypoxia and oxidative stress.

基于彩色多普勒超声分析胎儿脐血流对FGR的诊断价值

目的:探讨彩色多普勒超声胎儿脐血流参数对FGR的诊断价值。方法:回顾性选取2019年12月~2021年12月收治的100例FGR孕妇(研究组)及100例正常孕妇(对照组),均接受超声检测。分析胎儿超声脐血流参数与FGR的关系,Logistic回归分析FGR发生的影响因素。ROC曲线分析胎儿脐血流参数对FGR的诊断价值。结果:Logistic分析显示年龄、羊水过少、低蛋白血症、RI,PI,S/D均是FGR发病的影响因素。ROC分析显示S/D、RI、PI对FGR诊断价值高。结论:FGR胎儿彩色多普勒RI,PI,S/D异常升高,具有良好诊断价值。

脐动脉血气指标联合Apgar评分评估新生儿窒息的应用价值

目的分析脐动脉血气指标联合Apgar评分应用于评估新生儿窒息的价值。方法选取我院2021年1月至2023年3月收治的157例1min Apgar评分≤7分的新生儿作为研究组,另选同期160例1min Apgar评分≥8分的新生儿作为对照组,采集两组新生儿脐动脉血气指标[血液酸碱度(pH值)、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、碳酸氢根(HCO_(3)^(-))、碱剩余(BE)和二氧化碳结合力(CO_(2)CP)]及脏器损伤的数据,分析Apgar评分和脐动脉血气指标对新生儿脏器损伤的预测效能。结果分析Apgar评分、pH值、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)、HCO_(3)^(-)、BE,研究组显著低于对照组(t值介于2.446~8.403之间),重度组显著低于轻度组(t值介于2.937~8.114之间),损伤组显著低于非损伤组(t值介于3.213~9.225之间);分析CO_(2)CP,研究组显著高于对照组(t=5.004),重度组显著高于轻度组(t=4.023),损伤组显著高于非损伤组(t=4.907),差异均有统计意义(P<0.05)。比较三种方法预测新生儿脏器损伤的敏感度、特异度和符合度,Apgar评分明显低于脐动脉血气分析(χ^(2)值分别为1.728、4.146、4.747),Apgar评分明显低于联合评估(χ^(2)值分别为5.722、9.013、10.581),脐动脉血气分析明显低于联合评估(χ^(2)值分别为4.551、3.693、4.384),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论脐动脉血气分析联合Apgar评分可有效提高评估窒息新生儿脏器损伤的敏感度、特异度和符合度,有利于降低新生儿窒息误诊率,对评估新生儿预后有重要临床价值。

丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠对尿毒症毒素作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞功能的影响

目的:探讨丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠(STS)对尿毒症毒素作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞(hUVECs)功能的影响,并阐明其作用机制。方法:将hUVECs进行传代培养并分为空白对照组、尿毒症毒素刺激组、尿毒症毒素+STS组和尿毒症毒素+STS+细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)抑制剂组,其中后2组中STS的浓度为10 mg·L^(-1);先给予各组剪切力刺激,剪切力大小为12 dyn·cm^(-2);采用CCK-8法测定各组细胞增殖活性,Western blotting法检测各组细胞中ERK、核因子κB(NF-κB)和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达情况;原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)法检测各组细胞凋亡率。结果:CCK-8法检测,在剪切力作用后,尿毒症毒素刺激组和尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞增殖活性低于尿毒症毒素+STS组(P<0.01)。Western blotting法检测,与尿毒症毒素组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01);抑制ERK信号通路后,与空白对照组、尿毒症毒素组和尿毒症毒素+STS组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR法检测,与尿毒症毒素组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.01);抑制ERK通路后,与空白对照组、尿毒症毒素组和尿毒症毒素+STS组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。TUNEL法检测,尿毒症毒素+STS组的细胞凋亡率小于尿毒症毒素刺激组和尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组(P<0.05)。结论:一定浓度STS能通过ERK信号通路调节NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA及蛋白表达来改善尿毒症毒素作用下的内皮细胞增殖,减少细胞凋亡。

胎儿大脑中动脉、脐动脉血流指标水平与脐血血气分析结果的相关性分析

目的 分析胎儿大脑中动脉、脐动脉血流指标水平与脐血血气分析结果的相关性。方法 选取90例孕产妇,根据是否出现胎儿窘迫分为对照组(未发生胎儿窘迫,74例)和观察组(发生胎儿窘迫,16例)。于孕产妇孕晚期实施常规超声检查,并在新生儿出生后进行脐血血气分析检测。比较两组胎儿大脑中动脉及脐动脉血流指标[舒张期血流速度(VD)、收缩期血流速度(VS)、搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)及收缩期峰值血流速度与舒张末期血流速度之比(S/D)]水平,胎儿脐血血气指标[二氧化碳分压(PCO_(2))、氧分压(PO_(2))、碱剩余(BE)、p H值]水平;分析胎儿大脑中动脉及脐动脉血流指标水平与脐血血气指标水平相关性。结果 对照组大脑中动脉VD、VS、PI、RI及S/D分别为(20.17±2.01)cm/s、(68.31±2.39)cm/s、(1.48±0.28)、(0.74±0.18)、(4.45±0.74),脐动脉VD、VS、PI、RI及S/D分别为(16.64±4.25)cm/s、(61.02±4.21)cm/s、(0.74±0.21)、(0.59±0.10)、(3.24±0.72);观察组大脑中动脉VD、VS、PI、RI及S/D分别为(15.04±2.03)cm/s、(66.25±2.37)cm/s、(1.25±0.31)、(0.55±0.14)、(3.22±0.85),脐动脉VD、VS、PI、RI及S/D分别为(12.25±3.89)cm/s、(57.26±4.30)cm/s、(1.02±0.20)、(0.75±0.14)、(2.25±0.64)。与对照组相比,观察组胎儿大脑中动脉VD、VS、PI、RI及S/D更低,脐动脉VD、VS、S/D更低,脐动脉PI、RI更高(P<0.05)。观察组胎儿p H(7.15±0.03)、PO_(2)(23.24±4.29)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 k Pa)及BE(-7.24±1.41)mmol/L低于对照组的(7.26±0.02)、(28.11±4.36)mm Hg、(-6.01±1.45)mmol/L,PCO_(2)(61.33±2.37)mm Hg高于对照组的(45.35±2.31)mm Hg(P<0.05)。胎儿大脑中动脉VD、VS、PI、RI、SD与脐血p H、PO_(2)、BE呈正相关,与脐血PCO_(2)呈负相关(P<0.05)。胎儿脐动脉VD、VS、SD与p H、PO_(2)、BE呈正相关,与PCO_(2)呈负相关(P<0.05),脐动脉血PI、RI与p H、PO_(2)、BE呈负相关,与PCO_(2)呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 胎儿大脑中动脉、脐动脉血流指标水平与脐血血气分析结果存在相关性,明确动脉血流指标水平以及脐血血气分析结果可为临床评估胎儿窘迫提供指导。

新生儿视网膜出血与脐动脉血气分析变化的相关性研究

目的探讨新生儿视网膜出血(RH)与脐动脉血气指标变化的关系。方法选取2018年5月至2021年12月期间在沧州市人民医院产科出生并行视网膜筛查的596例新生儿,根据新生儿是否视网膜出血分为出血组(n=230)和对照组(n=366),并依据出血程度可分为Ⅰ度组(n=95)、Ⅱ度组(n=75)和Ⅲ度组(n=60)。比较出血组与对照组及Ⅰ度、Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度组新生儿脐动脉血气指标氢离子浓度指数(pH)值、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))及剩余碱(BE)值,并应用Logistic回归模型分析影响RH发生的相关因素,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)分析脐动脉血气指标对RH的预测价值。结果出血组pH值、PaO_(2)及BE值明显低于对照组,PaCO_(2)则高于对照组(P<0.05)。随视网膜出血程度的增加pH值、PaO_(2)及BE值降低,PaCO_(2)水平则升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。出血组产妇妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压、阴道分娩、产钳助产、急产、早产儿及新生儿有窒息史占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析模型显示,早产儿、产妇妊娠期高血压、产妇阴道分娩、新生儿有窒息史及脐动脉血气中高水平PaCO_(2)及低水平PaO_(2)、BE、pH值均是影响RH的危险因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,pH值、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)及BE预测RH发生的AUC分别为0.755、0.719、0.669、0.816,pH值和BE的预测效能高于PaO_(2)和PaCO_(2)(P<0.05)。结论新生儿脐动脉血气指标与RH发生、发展紧密相关,且对RH的筛查具有一定的参考价值,其中pH值和BE筛查价值较高。

新生儿脐动脉血血气分析的临床应用研究进展

分娩是一个复杂过程,产程长短、孕妇精神及体力状况、脐带因素(脐带绕颈、脐带扭转、受压等)等均对新生儿造成不同影响。脐动脉血血气分析指标可反映胎儿氧合及酸碱平衡状况,判断宫内、产时缺氧情况,是临床评估新生儿出生状态的常用检测指标。该文综述了脐动脉血血气分析在新生儿窒息、神经系统发育不良和其他系统疾病中的应用价值与研究进展。

新生儿视网膜出血与脐动脉血气分析变化相关性研究

目的:探究新生儿视网膜出血(RH)与脐动脉血气分析变化之间的相关性。方法:回顾性研究。纳入2019-01/2021-12在我院产科出生的足月新生儿312例,根据RetCamⅢ眼底检查结果分为两组:对照组未发生RH的新生儿245例,RH组发生RH新生儿67例,比较两组患儿一般临床资料及脐动脉血气分析指标。根据RH程度分为Ⅰ度组20例,Ⅱ度组29例和Ⅲ度组18例。分析不同RH程度新生儿脐动脉血气分析指标水平,pH值与RH程度间的关系,影响新生儿发生RH因素。结果:RH组与对照组产妇年龄、平均孕周、胎儿性别、胎次、妊娠糖尿病、胎儿出生体质量、羊水情况比较均无差异(均P>0.05),分娩方式、妊娠高血压、产钳助产、新生儿窒息及脐带绕颈均有差异(均P<0.05)。RH组pH值、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))及剩余碱(BE)值显著低于对照组(均P<0.01),动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))显著高于对照组(P<0.01)。不同程度RH患儿脐动脉血气分析指标有差异(P<0.05),且随着RH程度的增加,pH值、PaO_(2)及BE值逐渐下降(P<0.05),PaCO_(2)逐渐增加(P<0.05)。RH程度与脐动脉血气分析pH值呈负相关(rs=-0.593,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,分娩方式、妊娠高血压、产钳助产、新生儿窒息、脐带绕颈、pH、PaO_(2)、PaCO_(2)及BE均是影响新生儿发生RH的因素。结论:新生儿发生RH与脐动脉血气分析变化密切相关,脐动脉血气分析可用于新生儿RH的诊断。

多普勒超声脑胎盘率、脐动脉血流诊断胎儿生长受限价值

目的:分析多普勒超声脑胎盘率(CPR)、脐动脉血流诊断胎儿生长受限(FGR)价值。方法:选取2022年7月-2023年7月于本院产前检查诊断为FGR的90例孕妇为观察组,正常妊娠孕妇80例为对照组,均行多普勒超声检测脐动脉搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、收缩期最大血流速度/舒张末期血流速度(S/D)及CPR并比较,统计妊娠不良结局,采用受试者工作曲线(ROC)评估PI、RI、S/D及CPR对FGR的诊断价值。结果:两组PI、RI、S/D及CPR值随孕周增加而下降,且观察组孕32~33^(+6)周、34~36^(+6)周、37~40周的PI、RI、S/D值均高于对照组,CPR低于对照组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,37~40周超声PI、RI、S/D、CPR联合诊断FGR的曲线下面积为0.957,敏感度97.5%,均高于单独指标检测(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿窒息、低体重率及Apgar评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:CPR联合脐动脉血流可提高FGR的诊断效能和敏感度。

胎儿脐血流监测及胎心监护监测在高危妊娠中的预测价值

目的探讨高危妊娠应用胎儿脐血流监测及胎心监护监测的预测价值。方法回顾性分析2021年3月—2023年3月中国人民解放军空军特色医学中心妇产科收治的180例高危妊娠孕妇的临床资料,均开展胎儿脐血流监测和胎心监护监测。根据产前脐血流和胎心的监测结果,将研究对象分为甲组、乙组、丙组、丁组4组。对比4组的分娩指标(剖宫产、胎儿窘迫、脐带缠绕、羊水过少、胎粪污染、新生儿出生1 min内阿氏评分)、脐血流指标[脐动脉血流比值(systolic to diastolic velocity ratio,S/D)、脐动脉阻力指数(resistance index,RI)、脐动脉搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)]。结果丁组剖宫产(79.17%)、胎儿窘迫(50.00%)、脐带缠绕(50.00%)、羊水过少(70.83%)、胎粪污染(100.00%)的不良分娩情况发生率最高,显著高于甲组、乙组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。甲组新生儿出生1 min内阿氏评分8~10分比例显著高于乙组、丙组、丁组(P<0.05)。乙组和丙组新生儿出生1 min内阿氏评分8~10分比例均高于丁组(P<0.05)。丁组脐动脉血流指标(S/D值、RI、PI)高于甲组、乙组、丙组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对高危妊娠孕妇应用胎儿脐血流监测及胎心监护监测,可对不良妊娠结局提高预测准确性,有助于围产期的治疗与管理,减少不良分娩结局的产生,提高分娩质量。

脐动脉血流S/D值联合孕妇血清CX3CL1 HIF-1α对胎儿窘迫的诊断价值

目的探讨脐动脉血流收缩期末最大血流速度/舒张期末最大血流速度(S/D)、血清趋化因子C-X3-C配体1(CX3CL1)、血清缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)对胎儿窘迫(FD)的诊断价值。方法选取2020年5月至2022年5月在青岛市妇女儿童医院妇产科分娩且出现FD的128例孕妇为研究对象(FD组),根据新生儿Apgar评分将FD孕妇分为轻度窘迫组74例和重度窘迫组54例,另取同期在本院定期产检并分娩的健康且未出现FD的孕妇78例为正常组;超声检测FD孕妇脐动脉血流S/D值;ELISA法检测FD孕妇血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α水平;Pearson法分析FD孕妇血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α水平与脐动脉血流S/D值的相关性;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α水平及脐动脉血流S/D值对胎儿重度窘迫的诊断价值。结果FD组孕妇脐动脉血流阻力指数(RI)、搏动指数(PI)、S/D值、血清CX3CL1及HIF-1α水平均显著高于正常组(P<0.05),重度窘迫组孕妇RI值、PI值、S/D值、血清CX3CL1及HIF-1α水平均高于轻度窘迫组(P<0.05)。FD组血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α与脐动脉血流S/D值均呈正相关(r=0.531、0.489,P<0.05)。脐动脉血流S/D值、血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α以及3项联合诊断胎儿重度窘迫的AUC分别为0.870、0.802、0.731、0.941,联合诊断的灵敏度为87.04%,特异度为90.54%,3项联合优于脐动脉血流S/D值、血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α各自单独诊断(Z3项联合-S/D=2.775、Z3项联合-CX3CL1=3.998、Z3项联合-HIF-1α=4.925,P均<0.05)。结论FD孕妇脐动脉血流S/D值、血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α水平均上升,且血清CX3CL1、HIF-1α水平与脐动脉血流S/D值均呈正相关,3项联合对诊断胎儿重度窘迫有更高的价值。

多巴胺对改善剖宫产椎管内麻醉患者血流动力学的临床研究

目的:观察多巴胺(DA)用于剖宫产椎管内麻醉对改善患者血流动力学的影响。方法:选取2021年3月—2022年3月南阳医学高等专科学校附属中医院择期行剖宫产分娩的130例患者作为研究对象。采用抽签法,按1∶1比例将其分为常规组(65例,采用常规椎管内麻醉)和研究组(65例,采用DA辅助椎管内麻醉),比较两组患者术中及术后的血流动力学变化情况、新生儿脐动脉血气及母婴结局。结果:术后,研究组的心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、平均动脉压(MAP)均低于常规组,血氧饱和度(SPO_(2))高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.514、2.929、3.474、3.409、2.857,P<0.05);在不同麻醉方案下,研究组新生儿脐动脉血中动脉氧分压(PaO_(2))高于常规组,酸碱值(pH)、动脉二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=3.779、4.326、3.353,P<0.05);娩出后1 min、5 min、10 min时的Apgar评分高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=2.932、3.955、2.472,P<0.05);在不同麻醉方案下,研究组患者术后不良事件发生率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.432,P<0.05)。结论:采用DA辅助椎管内麻醉可有效维持剖宫产患者术中及术后的血流动力学稳定,对改善新生儿脐动脉血气及预后、降低产妇术后不良事件发生风险均有积极意义。

超声监测胎儿脑脐血流对子痫前期孕妇胎儿生长受限的诊断价值

目的 分析超声监测胎儿脑脐血流对子痫前期孕妇胎儿生长受限的诊断价值。方法 选取2021年1月至2023年1月在遵义市第一人民医院产科建档的120例子痫前期孕妇,采用彩色多普勒超声诊断仪监测胎儿大脑中动脉、脐动脉的血流参数,以妊娠结局为金标准,采用Kappa检验分析超声诊断与金标准的一致性,并分析不同动脉血流参数的诊断效能。结果 胎儿脑脐动脉血流参数联合诊断结果与金标准的一致性(Kappa=0.832)高于单独胎儿大脑中动脉血流参数(Kappa=0.587)、胎儿脐动脉血流参数诊断结果(Kappa=0.561);胎儿脑脐动脉血流参数联合监测的灵敏度、特异度、准确性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值高于胎儿大脑中动脉血流参数监测、胎儿脐动脉血流参数监测(P <0.05)。结论 胎儿大脑中动脉和脐动脉血流参数联合诊断子痫前期孕妇胎儿生长受限的价值较高。

阿司匹林联合低分子肝素钙对生长受限胎儿的应用效果及对孕妇分娩结局的影响

目的分析阿司匹林联合低分子肝素钙治疗胎儿生长受限的效果及对脐动脉血流参数及分娩结局的影响,以改善胎儿宫内受限情况和母婴分娩结局。方法选择2020年5月—2021年5月重庆市酉阳县人民医院收治的70例发生胎儿生长受限的孕妇患者作为研究对象,采用单双号法将所有患者分为研究组和对照组,每组35例,研究组治疗药物为阿司匹林联合低分子肝素钙,对照组治疗药物为低分子肝素钙,比较治疗前、后两组胎儿脐动脉血流参数水平,包含脐血流搏动指数(PI)、脐动脉血流阻力指数(RI)、收缩末期峰值/舒张末期峰值(S/D)、头围、股骨长、体质量、双顶径等发育指标水平、治疗总有效率及母婴不良分娩结局发生率。结果治疗后,研究组胎儿脐动脉血流参数水平均显著低于对照组,研究组胎儿头围、腹围、股骨长、股骨长等发育指标水平显著高于对照组,研究组治疗总有效率显著高于对照组,研究组母婴不良分娩结局发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论胎儿生长受限应用阿司匹林联合低分子肝素钙治疗可取得良好的治疗效果,不仅能有效改善胎儿脐动脉血流参数和促进胎儿良好生长发育,还能降低母婴不良分娩结局发生率,从而改善母婴预后,值得临床应用。