Development Plan for Under- forest Economy of Henan Province Based on Central Plains Economic Region

Firstly,this paper analyzed current situations,major practice and existing problems of under-forest economy in Henan Province.Then,it made an in-depth discussion of guiding thought,principle and objectives,construction task and safeguarding measures of the underforest economic development plan. Besides,it analyzed benefits of the under-forest economic development plan. By 2017,the area of underforest economic land will reach 1. 60 million hm2,create output value of 155. 2 billion yuan( accounting for more than 20% of forest output value),provide 3. 27 million jobs,and will greatly increase ecological carrying capacity of construction and development of the Central Plains Economic Region( CPER).

Perspective of Chinese Forest Carbon Absorption Trade Based on Low-Carbon Economy

The paper analyzes the basis of forest carbon trade including the feasibility of carbon absorption trade,main body,platform and standard.The purposes of capital of carbon absorption trade is introduced.Caron absorption trade capital can be used to resettle ecological migrants,absorb employment,build forest and increase fund,increase local income,enhance forest science and technology development and launch environmental proportion.The perspective of developing forest carbon absorption trade is pointed out and the practical problems of developing forest carbon trade need to be solved.For example,the property problem of forest resources,value calculation problem of forest resources and sustainable development of forest.

Study on the Development of Under-forest Economy in Guangdong Mountain Areas

From the origin and connotation of the under-forest economy,this paper analyzed plight of the development of under-forest economy in Guangdong mountain areas. It discussed benefits of under-forest economy,favorable conditions and development path of under-forest economy in Guangdong mountain areas. Results indicate that developing under-forest economy is an essential path for realizing green growth and coordinated development of Guangdong mountain areas. However,due to terrain,market,management and technology reasons,the under-forest economy is still not fully developed in Guangdong mountain areas. The development path of under-forest economy suitable for Guangdong mountain areas should be based on ecological protection and oriented towards maximizing ecological,economic and social benefits. Guangdong mountain areas have in-born natural and resource advantages,economic pull of development mode and market demand change,and favorable condition of policy encouragement for development of under-forest economy. Finally,it came up with recommendations for development of under-forest economy in Guangdong mountain areas from development mode,industrial distribution and development direction.

The Comprehensive Benefits about Under-forest Economy in Shijiazhuang City

Based on the relevant domestic and foreign theories,we establish the evaluation indicator system for the comprehensive benefits about under-forest economy. Using the data from 2010 to 2014,we employ AHP to measure the comprehensive benefits of under-forest economy,and convert the comprehensive benefits into the data that can be used for analysis and comparison. It is found that the comprehensive benefit index of under-forest economy in Shijiazhuang City continued to increase from 2010 to 2014(0.223,0.515,0.523,0.698 and 0.956,respectively). This further indicates that the under-forest economy in Shijiazhuang City shows a good trend towards the goal of high quality and efficiency,so it is a correct model of development. Based on the results and the problems during the research process,some policy recommendations are brought forward for the development of under-forest economy.

基于偏离-份额分析法的陕西林下经济优势产业选择分析

以2018—2021年的陕西省林下经济产业为研究对象,采取偏离-份额分析法对其进行分析,结果表明:陕西省林下经济产业除陆生野生动物繁育与利用业以外,其他产业均为增长型产业。其中水果、坚果、含油果和香料作物种植与采集、食品药材、食品种植、花卉及其他观赏植物种植、非木质林产品加工制造业基础好,区位竞争优势较大,未来发展潜力大,可作为优势产业首选对象。茶及其他饮料作物的种植与采集、林产品采集、林业旅游与休闲服务、林业生态服务和林业生产服务产业基础差,且不具备明显的区位竞争和产业优势,但具有明显的结构优势,可作为第二发展对象,同时对林下经济优势产业提出发展建议。

Integrated use of GIS, remote sensing and multi-criteria decision analysis to assess ecological land suitability in multi-functional forestry

The Zagros forests are a treasure of valuable oak forests, but they have been severely degraded from long-term misuse. Geographic information systems （GIS） and multi-criteria decision analysis （MCDA） have been increasingly used to improve the management of vulnerable ecosystems to prevent further degradation and increase the sustainability of land use. This study presents a methodology to assess land suitability using remote sensing （RS） to obtain wall-to-wall data for the calculations, GIS to analyze the data, and MCDA to rank alternative land uses. The criteria and subcriteria affecting the suitability of land for different uses were identified and weighted using an analytic hierarchy process. Variables used as subcriteria were assessed using satellite data and other sources of information such as existing maps and field surveys. Numerical values for the subcriteria were classified, and each class was given a priority rating according to expert judgments. Based on the ratings and weights of the subcriteria, a priority map was created for each land use using the weighted linear combination method. The priority maps for different land uses were overlaid to obtain a preliminary land use map, which often indicated several simultaneous land uses for the same location. The preliminary map was further edited by removing unrealistic, mutually exclusive land-use combinations. The study tested and demonstrated the potential of integrating RS, G1S and MCDA techniques for solving complicated land allocation problems in forested regions using a scientifically sound and practical approach for efficient and sustainable allocation of forestland for different uses.

《Forest Policy and Economics》刊发中国林业经济论文追溯分析

以国际权威期刊《Forest Policy and Economics》为例,选取其2007—2017年刊发的与中国林业经济问题相关的文献,从国际视角对中国林业经济问题进行梳理与总结。基于统计分析,刊发的文献总体呈现数量波动增长、内容多样化、合作形式国际化,研究区域具体化,定量分析为主等特点。从林产品贸易、森林资源经营管理、森林转型等主题展开对中国林业经济研究的论述,以期为我国相关学者全面把握中国林业经济前沿研究进展和发展趋势提供参考与借鉴。

The influence of selective cutting of mixed Korean pine(Pinus koraiensis Sieb.et Zucc.) and broad-leaf forest on rare species distribution patterns and spatial correlation in Northeast China

This study aimed to demonstrate change in spatial correlation between Korean pine （Pinus koraiensis Sieb. et Zucc.） and three rare species, and change in spatial distribution of four species in response to a range of selective cutting intensities. We sampled three plots of mixed Korean pine and broad-leaf forest in Lushuihe Forestry Bureau of Jilin province, China. Plot 1, a control, was unlogged Korean pine broad-leaf forest. In plots 2 and 3, Korean pine was selectively cut at 15 and 30 % intensity, respectively, in the 1970s. Other species were rarely cut. We used point-pattern analysis to research the spatial distributions of four tree species and quantify spatial correlations between Korean pine and the other three species, Amur linden （Tilia amurensis Rupr.）, Manchurian ash （Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.）, and Mongolian oak （Quercus mongolica Fisch.） in all three plots. The results of the study show that selective cutting at 15 % intensity did not significantly change either the species spatial patterns or the spatial correlation between Korean pine and broadleaf species. Selective cutting at 30 % intensity slightly affected the growth of Korean pine and valuable species in forest communities, and the effect was considered nondestructive and recoverable.

Characterizing long-term forest disturbance history and its drivers in the Ning-Zhen Mountains, Jiangsu Province of eastern China using yearly Landsat observations (1987–2011)

Forest losses or gains have long been recognized as critical processes modulating the carbon flux between the biosphere and the atmosphere. Timely, accurate and spatially explicit information on forest disturbance and recovery history is required for assessing the effectiveness of existing forest management. The major objectives of our research focused on testing the mapping efficacy of the vegetation change tracker （VCT） model over a forested area in China. We used a new version of VCT algorithm built upon the Landsat time series stacks （LTSS）. The LTSS consisted of yearly image acquisitions to map forest disturbance history from 1987 to 2011 over the Ning-Zhen Mountains, Jiangsu Province of east China. The LTSS consisted of TM and ETM＋ scenes with different projec- tions due to distinct data sources （Beijing remote sensing ground station and the USGS EROS Center）. The valida- tion results of the disturbance year maps showed that most spatial agreement measures ranged from 70 to 86 %, comparable with the VCT accuracies reported for many places in USA. Very low accuracies were identified in 1995 （38.3 %） and 1992 （56.2 %） in the current analysis. These resulted from the insensitivity of the VCT algorithm to detect low intensity disturbances and also from the mis- registration errors of the image pairs. Major forest distur- bance types existing in our study area were identified as agricultural expansion （39.8 %）, urbanization （24.9 %）, forest management practice （19.3 %）, and mining （12.8 %）. In general, there was a gradual decreasing trend in forest cover throughout this region, caused principally by China＇s economic, demographic, environmental and political policies and decisions, as well as some weather events. While VCT has largely been used to assess long term changes and trends in the USA, it has great potential for assessing landscape level change elsewhere throughout the world.

The Coupling Coordination Evolution Research of Economy - Ecology - Society System in Xinjiang：Based on the Interaction Perspective of Water Resources

Under the water resources perspective,coupling coordination of economy-ecology-society system in Xinjiang was taken as the research object. By building the coupling evaluation index system of the water resources-economy-ecology-society system,quantitative evaluation and analysis of the coupling coordination of the water resources-economy-ecology-society system from 2001 to 2014 were conducted. The results showed that benefit indexes of economic system and social system grew rapidly,while benefit indexes of water resources system and ecosystem fluctuated smoothly from 2001 to 2014; coupling state of the whole system was at rival stage,and coupling coordination was reluctant coordination type,and the coupling index was slightly higher than the coupling coordination index. Moreover,it showed that the more the coupling systems,the lower indices of coupling and the coupling coordination.

基于二元logistic回归分析的公益林区林农发展林下经济意愿研究--以广西融水苗族自治县为例

由于公益林采伐利用受到了限制,公益林补偿标准偏低,导致林区经济发展和林农经济收入与生态保护的矛盾日益突出,而发展林下经济能有效缓解这一矛盾。为了研究公益林林区林农发展林下经济的意愿,对融水县22个乡镇和林场进行实地问卷调查,运用二元logistic分析法,选取13项评价因子,研究分析了林农发展林下经济意愿。结果表明:(1)对林下经济政策了解程度、是否受到林下经济方面的技能培训、目前的生产方式和自身的文化水平等因素对被调查者参与林下经济的意愿影响并不显著;(2)性别、林下经济生产技术的掌握程度、发展林下经济的资金是否充足、家中劳动力是否充足、前景看好程度这几个因素对被调查者参与林下经济的意愿产生正向的影响;(3)是否能及时掌握林产品的市场信息、当地是否有林下经济的龙头企业、是否有林产品的销售渠道这几个因素对被调查者参与林下经济的意愿产生负向的影响。最后依据相关影响程度提出政府提供金融服务和技术支持、扶持成立林下经济龙头企业或者农民合作社、帮助当地居民建立相关的市场信息获取渠道和销售渠道等发展当地林下经济的建议。

林下经济发展模式研究--以南充市走马镇发展晚熟柑橘林下经济为例

在总结林下经济种养殖业发展模式的基础上,通过对南充市高坪区走马镇实地走访调研,把握当地林下经济发展现状,分析当地发展林下种养殖产业可获效益,探讨当地适宜的林下经济发展模式。针对发展过程中存在的问题,提出了以技术引领生产,以科研支撑产业针对性建议;将产业道打造为景观道,加快培育休闲农业旅游等对策建议。

基于偏离-份额分析法的河南林下经济优势产业选择分析

为定量分析2014-2018年河南省林下经济产业结构及竞争力,并找出相对优势项目,促进河南林下经济发展,基于偏离—份额分析法对河南省林下经济各产业产值进行了定量分析,结果表明:河南省林下经济除陆生野生动物繁育与利用产业以外,其它产业均为增长型产业,其中森林食品采集与种植和花卉及其他观赏植物种植产业区位竞争优势较大,未来发展潜力大,可作为优势产业首选对象;林业旅游与休闲服务、森林生态服务和林业生产服务产业为次优势产业发展对象;水果种植与采集基础较好,但不具备明显区位竞争优势和产业结构优势,可作为第三发展对象;坚果、含油果和香料作物种植与采集、茶及其他饮料作物的种植与采集、森林药材种植与采集和非木质林产品加工制造业产业不具备明显区位竞争优势和产业结构优势,可作为林业产业升级和转型的首选产业。

中国造纸业绿色战略演进历程

中国造纸业绿色战略的实践从萌芽期算起已经走过了60年艰难而富有成效的发展历程。在当今国家生态文明建设和实现双碳目标的背景下,对中国造纸业绿色发展过程进行回顾和总结,挖掘绿色战略的演进规律,并预估未来的战略趋势是十分必要的。根据绿色经济和绿色战略理论,以及可再生资源型企业绿色战略演进的一般规律,本文对中国造纸业绿色战略实践的重要事件和举措进行系统梳理,发现中国造纸业绿色战略总体上经历了开环和闭环绿色战略两大阶段。其中,开环绿色战略阶段包含原料导向(林纸一体化)绿色战略和末端治理绿色战略;闭环绿色战略阶段包含循环绿色战略和“循环+”绿色战略。据此,运用超循环经济理论,可以预计中国造纸业绿色战略的未来发展趋势,即林纸超循环绿色战略。

基于SWOT-AHP的广西林下经济发展战略选择研究

广西林下经济发展的优势明显，大力发展这一地区的林下经济对于完善森林生态系统、提高林农收入水平以及解决“三农”问题等具有十分重要的现实意义。文章以林下经济发展战略为研究目标，运用SWOT—AHP法，从林下经济发展的优势、劣势、机遇、挑战等4个方面设置了区位优势、可持续发展要求、北部湾经济开发开放、法律法规缺失等20个指标，对林下经济发展战略选择进行初步研究。结果表明：实现可持续经营，广西林下经济发展应采取WO和WT战略。

林下经济发展综合评价和战略性分析——基于福建省泰宁县、将乐县的Fuzzy-AHP-SWOT分析

林下经济随着集体林权制度改革的不断推进,成为农户增收的重要手段之一。以福建省三明市为例,在对林下经济内外部环境SWOT分析的基础上,设置22个具体指标,运用AHP法构建层次模型,结合Fuzzy方法进行模糊综合评价,最后构建战略四边形,提出相应发展建议。

海南省天然橡胶林下经济发展现状及建议

海南省天然橡胶种植面积51.86万hm^(2),可用于发展林下经济的土地资源丰富,加上光、热、水资源充足,十分适宜发展橡胶林下经济,当前橡胶林下经济已初步探索并形成了林-药、林-果、林-菌、林-花、林-蔬、林-苗、林-粮、林-禽、林-畜、林-蚯、林-蜂等模式,“以短养长、一地多收”的产业效益逐渐显现,对胶农增收和胶企增效具有重要意义。但目前还存在橡胶林下经济规模化与产业化程度偏低、林下经济种养管理技术不足以及产业链短、附加值低等问题。针对问题和靶向发力,文章提出建立健全政策引导和支持体系、加大林下种养和加工技术研发力度、推进橡胶产业化和规模化发展、拉长产业链条和提升品牌建设的对策与建议。

中国林下经济产业发展效率评价--以31个省(区)面板数据为依据

依据2013——2018年中国31省(区)发展林下经济的投入产出数据,采用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对31省(区)林下经济效率水平进行评估。结果显示:中国林下经济发展存在区域不平衡特征,林下经济效率水平呈现缓慢下降趋势,纯技术效率水平低于规模效率水平。推进林下经济持续健康发展,需要合理制定各地林区林下经济发展规划,完善各省(区)林下经济产业配套设施建设、完善科技支撑体系,借鉴林下经济典型示范区域先进经验等促进林下经济效率提升。

林下资源开发技术模式与经济性分析

云南省自然条件优越,森林资源丰富。为推动云南省林下经济产业发展,增加农民收入,实现生态经济良性循环,通过资料文献查阅、实地调研、科技人员访谈,提出了“胶林+珠芽魔芋”“核桃林+花魔芋”“林下食用菌”“林下中药材”“林下饲草”共5种典型的生态种养模式并且详细地进行了技术性和经济性分析。同时,指出了当前云南省林下资源开发领域存在生态布局和示范引领不足,科技力量薄弱、技术标准缺乏,林下资源开发利用效益不佳等问题,并提出以下促进林下经济健康发展的建议:一是发挥政府部门在林下资源经济发展中的指导作用;二是善用招商引资手段,创造有利于林下资源经济发展的环境;三是打造林下资源经济产业品牌,提升林下资源产业的形象与地位;四是建立联农带农机制,推进林下资源与农村经济的合理衔接。

橡胶-益智复合生态系统综合评价研究

通过构建橡胶-益智间作模式，并研究其土壤养分含量、胶园杂草防控效率和胶园经济效益等问题综合评价橡胶-益智复合生态系统。结果表明：橡胶-益智间作模式与单作橡胶比较，土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾含量土壤 pH 值无显著差异；间作益智能显著提高土壤含水量，0～20和20～40 cm 土壤层含水量分别提高了21.4%和27.1%；间作益智对胶园杂草具有很好的抑制作用，间作240 d 时对杂草抑制率达到了75.2%；胶园间种益智能够显著提高胶园经济收入，间作2年后经济收入增幅达到64%。橡胶-益智间作复合生态系统提高了胶园土地利用效率，符合近年来大力发展林下经济新形势，构建“胶-药”立体种植模式是拓展橡胶林下经济发展的新思路。