Path following control of underactuated ships based on nonswitch analytic model predictive control

A path following controller is developed for underactuated ships with only surge force and yaw moment available to follow a predefined path.The proposed controller is based on nonswitch analytic model predictive control.It is shown that the optimal control law for a nonlinear path following system with ill-defined relative degree is continuous and nonsingular.The problem of ill-defined relative degree is solved.The path-following ability of the nonlinear system is guaranteed.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control law.

Adaptive robust dissipative designs on straight path control for underactuated ships

An adaptive robust control algorithm for ship straight path control system in the presence of both modeling uncertainties and the bounded disturbances is proposed. Motivated by the backstepping approach, the algorithm is developed by using the dissipation theory, such that the resulting dosed-loop system is both strictly dissipative and asymptotically adaptively stable for all admissible uncertainties. Also, it is able to steer an underactuated ship along a prescribed straight path with ultimate bounds under external disturbances induced by wave, wind and ocean current. When there are no disturbances, the straight path control can be implemented in a locally asymptotically stable manner. Simulation results on an ocean-going training ship ‘YULONG＇ are presented to validate the effectiveness of the algorithm.

Sliding-mode control of path following for underactuated ships based on high gain observer

A nonlinear robust control strategy is proposed to force an underactuated surface ship to follow a predefined path with uncertain environmental disturbance and parameters.In the controller design,a high-gain observer is used to estimate velocities,thus only position and yaw angle measurements are required.The control problem of underactuated system is transformed into a control of fully actuated system through adopting an improved line-of-sight(LOS) guidance law.A sliding-mode controller is designed to eliminate the yaw angle error,and provide the control system robustness.The control law is proved semi-globally exponentially stable(SGES) by applying Lyapunov stability theory,and numerical simulation using real data of a monohull ship illustrates the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed methodology.

Path-tracking Control of Underactuated Ships Under Tracking Error Constraints

This paper presents a constructive design of new controllers that force underactuated ships under constant or slow time-varying sea loads to asymptotically track a parameterized reference path, that guarantees the distance from the ship to the reference path always be within a specified value. The control design is based on a global exponential disturbance observer, a transformation of the ship dynamics to an almost spherical form, an interpretation of the tracking errors in an earth-fixed frame, an introduction of dynamic variables to compensate for relaxation of the reference path generation, p-times differentiable step functions, and backstepping and Lyapunov＇s direct methods. The effectiveness of the proposed results is illustrated through simulations.

Adaptive Path Following Controller of Underactuated Ships Using Serret-Frenet Frame

This paper presents an adaptive path following control law to steer underactuated ships along a predefined path at a constant forward speed with uncertain parameters due to changes of added mass matrices.The proposed controller is based on analytic model predictive control and model reference adaptive control.The SerretFrenet frame is used to describe the ship dynamics.The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method rather than try-and-error method to get appropriate control parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system,and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition.An identification algorithm based on model reference adaptive control is used to identify the uncertain parameters.Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed control law.

Path Following Control of Underactuated Ships Based on Unscented Kalman Filter

A path following controller is proposed to force an underactuated surface ship which is suffering from disturbance to follow a predefined path.The controller is based on analytic model predictive control and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) techniques.The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method to get appropriate controller parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system,and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition.The UKF is used to estimate the states and uncertain parameters due to time-varying added mass matrices.With help of the proposed UKF-based controller,the underactuated ship with time-varying parameters can follow a desired straight path.Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller.

Adaptive Robust Sliding Mode Control for Ship Straight-Line Tracking in Random Waves

Since complex controllers do not suit for application,we design a simple controller with robustness in changeable sea state.The characteristics of ship motion are large inertia,strong nonlinearity and large time delay.This paper employs adaptive sliding mode technique.We focus on a class of underactuated ship systems with parametric uncertainties and wave efects.Random wave efects are seldom considered in former studies.Various simulations validate the adaptive characteristics and robustness of the proposed controller.The closed-loop system is stable and tracking error can be arbitrarily small by Lyapunov approach.