A method of multichannel chaotic phase modulation spread spectrum and its application in underwater acoustic communication

Direct-sequence spread spectrum （DSSS） communication possesses low probability of detection and has been widely used in confidential communications. However, pseudo-noise （PN） sequences, used as spreading code in conventional DSSS communications, possess peri- odic character and binary value. In hostile environments, these distinct characters may lead to some important parameters of signals being estimated accurately, and then lead to the leakage of transmitted information. To solve the problem, we propose the chaotic phase modulation （CPM） sequence alternating the PN sequences. CPM sequence has complex values and constant envelope, and also possesses large quantity and good correlation characteristics. Moreover, it has more hidden features than conventional sequences by modulating its phases using chaotic sequence. To improve the data rate, we apply it into the technique of multichannel communica-tion. Simulation results show this scheme＇s superior bit error ratio （BER） performance, which demonstrates its feasibility in underwater acoustic communications.

An underwater acoustic direct sequence spread spectrum communication system using dual spread spectrum code

With the goal of achieving high stability and reliability to support underwater point-to-point communications and code division multiple access(CDMA) based underwater networks, a direct sequence spread spectrum based underwater acoustic communication system using dual spread spectrum code is proposed. To solve the contradictions between the information data rate and the accuracy of Doppler estimation, channel estimation, and frame synchronization, a data frame structure based on dual spread spectrum code is designed. A long spread spectrum code is used as the training sequence, which can be used for data frame detection and synchronization, Doppler estimation, and channel estimation. A short spread spectrum code is used to modulate the effective information data. A delay cross-correlation algorithm is used for Doppler estimation, and a correlation algorithm is used for channel estimation. For underwater networking, each user is assigned a different pair of spread spectrum codes. Simulation results show that the system has a good anti-multipath, anti-interference, and anti-Doppler performance, the bit error rate can be smaller than 10^(-6) when the signal-to-noise ratio is larger than-10 dB, the data rate can be as high as 355 bits/s, and the system can be used in the downlink of CDMA based networks.

LDPC Coded DQPSK Modulation with Iterative Detection Method for Underwater Acoustic Communications

Aimed at the conventional serial communication system fails when the channel was frequency-selective,long delay and multi-paths effect,resulting in inter-symbol-interference( ISI),an iterative system for underwater acoustic communication( UWAC) was proposed,which employed iterative differential detection and spread spectrum technique. The proposed scheme adopts π /4-DQPSK soft demodulation to overcome the difficulty of phase ambiguity. For suppression of ISI in UWAC,joint demodulation and decoding iteration was used. The communication scheme has the characteristic of long communication range at low SNR,and the maximum range is up to 100 km. The theoretic analysis and simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms traditional serial one. When SNR is- 6 dB,after four joint iterations,compared with serial scheme,BER can decrease from 10- 2to 10- 5.

Design of an Acoustic Communication System Based on FHMA for Multiple Underwater Vehicles

This paper designs an underwater acoustic communication system based on tamed spread spectrum and Frequency Hopping Multiple Access (FHMA) for multiple underwater vehicles. In this system, multiple underwater vehicles can communicate with the console on the water surface simultaneously successfully. The communication system is com-posed of tamed spread spectrum modulation and demodulation, frequency hopping modulation and demodulation with synchronization function, 4FSK modulation and demodulation and Rake Receiver. In order to make the system more feasible, underwater channel and the effect of user number on Bit Error Ratio (BER) are also taken into account. The simulation results indicate that it is feasible to use this system to accomplish underwater communication reliably for multiple users due to the low BER.

Denoising enabled channel estimation for underwater acoustic communications:A sparsity-aware model-driven learning approach

It has always been difficult to achieve accurate information of the channel for underwater acoustic communications because of the severe underwater propagation conditions,including frequency-selective property,high relative mobility,long propagation latency,and intensive ambient noise,etc.To this end,a deep unfolding neural network based approach is proposed,in which multiple layers of the network mimic the iterations of the classical iterative sparse approximation algorithm to extract the inherent sparse features of the channel by exploiting deep learning,and a scheme based on the Sparsity-Aware DNN(SA-DNN)for UAC estimation is proposed to improve the estimation accuracy.Moreover,we propose a Denoising Sparsity-Aware DNN(DeSA-DNN)based enhanced method that integrates a denoising CNN module in the sparsity-aware deep network,so that the degradation brought by intensive ambient noise could be eliminated and the estimation accuracy can be further improved.Simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed schemes is superior to the state-of-the-art compressed sensing based and iterative sparse recovery schems in the aspects of channel recovery precision,pilot overhead,and robustness,particularly under unideal circumstances of intensive ambient noise or inadequate measurement pilots.

M元扩频OFDM水声通信新方法

扩频水声通信能够抗信道衰落、多径干扰,具有传输距离远、可靠性高、被截获性低的优点。然而,水声通信可用带宽很窄,导致其数据率低。文章在伪随机序列扩频水声通信和OFDM水声通信研究及湖上成功实验的基础上,提出了一种基于M元伪随机序列组和OFDM技术的新型扩频OFDM(MSS-OFDM)水声通信方法。该方法能使得扩频水声通信数据率提高2.(log2M).(log2Q)倍。从理论上分析了M元扩频OFDM在高斯白噪声信道(AWGN)下的误码率性能,并通过仿真验证了其较强的稳健性。利用湖试测量得到的多径信道参数模型,分析比较了OFDM、SS-OFDM以及MSS-OFDM的水声通信误码率性能,结果表明:M元扩频OFDM具有双重抗多径干扰的优点,即使在没有保护间隔的情况下,也能获得较好的通信效果;由于采用了伪随机序列组,该方法也可用于水声网络通信。

基于OFDM的水声通信算法

在水声通信领域,基于正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)的通信技术是最直接和最有效的手段之一.但是水声通信信道是多变的和复杂的,在传输的过程中可能会受到多途扩展严重、可用带宽有限和高噪声等不理想因素的影响,导致无法恢复出原始数据,所以保证数据的可靠性传输是极其重要的.本文在原有的OFDM通信基础上加入了交织技术、chirp扩频技术、加窗以及chirp同步技术,并通过对MATLAB的仿真和实验分析,验证了该系统的可行性,最后通过对比加入噪声、多径和多普勒效应的误码率曲线图,说明了该系统的性能和抗干扰能力.

正交频分复用循环移位扩频水声通信

针对常规直接序列扩频水声通信数据传输速率低及M元扩频水声通信接收机复杂度高的问题,提出了一种正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing,OFDM)技术和循环移位键控(cyclic shift keying,CSK)技术相结合的调制方式,该调制能很大程度地提高系统的带宽使用率。从理论上对该方法在高斯白噪声信道条件下的误码率进行了分析。同时,采用Chu序列作为扩频序列,通过理论推导得出其峰均功率比(peak to average power ratio,PAPR)的上限为3dB。利用实际湖试测量得到的多径信道模型,与DSSS-OFDM方法进行了误码率性能的分析比较。结果表明,新提出的方法具有很好的抗多径性能,且具有带宽利用率高、复杂度低的特点,适用于中、远程及多用户水声通信。