Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belon...Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belonging to a platform,belonging to some combinations of the two,or can be seen as a form of Internet-based public data.Analysis of legal clauses and doctrines as well as analysis based in legitimacy and consequentialism both fail to completely delineate data ownership.One potential reason for this is that there are many types of platform data,and that each type is highly dependent on circumstances.The determination of rights in regard to platform data should be done in a way which revolves around a contextual regulatory framework,one in which the rules of reason is applied on a case-by-case basis and in which gradual changes are done in a bottom-up manner,and not one which seeks to establish a universal set of data regulations.In actual judgments,factors such as the nature of the platform and the nature of the data crawling behavior should be comprehensively considered while ensuring a balance of data circulation and data protection.展开更多
Having children is definitely everyone's night.But when the basic conditions needed to afford raising a child are not present,it become unfair to exercise this right,because of the implications.
Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She nev...Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She never gets a chance to speak for herself.She is first betrayed by her father then by Rochester-her husband.Her rebellion of men and society is inappropriate.She is treated unfairly both in the reality and in the fiction.展开更多
Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here ...Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here after school this afternoon, and write your names a hundred times." After the last lesson, all the other students went home, but Ian and Fred had to stay in the classroom with their teacher and began to write their names.展开更多
It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network per...It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network performance when two flows compete with each other for airspace. We consider both TCP and UDP flows and a comprehensive set of node topologies. We vary these topologies to consider all combinations of the following four node-to-node interactions： （1） nodes unable to read or sense each other, （2） nodes able to sense each other but not able to read each other＇s packets and nodes able to communicate with （3） weak and with （4） strong signal. We evaluate all possible cases through simulation and show that the cases can be reduced to 9 UDP and 10 TCP 802.11g models with similar efficiency/fairness characteristics. We also validate our simulation results with extensive experiments conducted in a laboratory testbed. These more detailed models improve on previous work such as hidden-/exposed-terminal categorization and are thus better suited as a basis for adaptive techniques to improve performance in 802.11 multi-hop WLAN or Mesh Networks.展开更多
The paper questions the normative value in the Chinese case of standard measures of aggregate income inequality such as the Gini coefficient.Evidence is adduced that people have narrow frames of reference and that the...The paper questions the normative value in the Chinese case of standard measures of aggregate income inequality such as the Gini coefficient.Evidence is adduced that people have narrow frames of reference and that they distinguish between income inequalities that they perceive to be fair and those that they perceive to be unfair.It is suggested that value judgements about what is fair or unfair can be guided by people’s own perceptions.People’s perceptions of unfairness can also be important to a government concerned to avoid social instability.The estimation of happiness functions can help to make the relevant distinctions.Examples are given of how fair and unfair inequalities might be identified,using either a criterion of people’s perceptions or one of informed judgements.Unfairness might be more strongly felt in inequalities of economic power than in inequalities of income,although the former can in turn result in inequalities of income.An argument is made for China researchers to extend inequality research and research instruments towards an economics of fairness and unfairness.展开更多
India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exa...India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exaggerated due to the outdated labour laws,ironically established to support and protect workers.The disappointing areas in the labour contract act and labour laws have led to unfair wage practices and a hostile work environment,giving way to labour discord.This research paper discusses the key issues of labour dissonance in the Indian automobile industry using a Bayesian network analysis.Real-life casestudy examples from the Indian automobile industry were considered to identify the rationale behind labour unrest.Bayesian analysis of a set of 250 responses helped us to understand the associations among key attributes of labour dissatisfaction.展开更多
A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they bec...A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they became frozen due to unfair occurrences of tran-sitions, and, finaloy, some frozen tokens lead to more processes.展开更多
提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning....提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning.(不得人心的上司是一部工作场所的“高效添压机”,这对其手下员工的心血管机能会产生严重的健康影响。)展开更多
基金This paper is a periodic achievement of two projects of the National Social Science Fund of China,those being the major project:“Personal Data Protection and Data Rights Systems in the Age of Big Data”(Project No.18ZDA146)the general project:“Research on Personal Information Protection and Corporate Data Ownership in the Context of Big Data”(Project No.18BFX198)。
文摘Platform data has already become an important asset for web-based companies,but this sort of data frequently includes large amounts of personal information.Platform data can be seen as belonging to an individual,belonging to a platform,belonging to some combinations of the two,or can be seen as a form of Internet-based public data.Analysis of legal clauses and doctrines as well as analysis based in legitimacy and consequentialism both fail to completely delineate data ownership.One potential reason for this is that there are many types of platform data,and that each type is highly dependent on circumstances.The determination of rights in regard to platform data should be done in a way which revolves around a contextual regulatory framework,one in which the rules of reason is applied on a case-by-case basis and in which gradual changes are done in a bottom-up manner,and not one which seeks to establish a universal set of data regulations.In actual judgments,factors such as the nature of the platform and the nature of the data crawling behavior should be comprehensively considered while ensuring a balance of data circulation and data protection.
文摘Having children is definitely everyone's night.But when the basic conditions needed to afford raising a child are not present,it become unfair to exercise this right,because of the implications.
文摘Jane Eyre is a masterpiece of realism in the 19th century.But the author distorts the Bertha Mason,who is a sacrifice in a patriarchal society.The whole story of her is told by Rochester from the opposite side.She never gets a chance to speak for herself.She is first betrayed by her father then by Rochester-her husband.Her rebellion of men and society is inappropriate.She is treated unfairly both in the reality and in the fiction.
文摘Ian and Fred are boys. They are both twelve years old, and they are in the same class. Last Friday afternoon they had a fight(打架) in class, and their teacher was very angry. He said to both of them, "Stay here after school this afternoon, and write your names a hundred times." After the last lesson, all the other students went home, but Ian and Fred had to stay in the classroom with their teacher and began to write their names.
文摘It is well known that 802.11 suffers from both inefficiency and unfairness in the face of competition and interference. This paper provides a detailed analysis of the impact of topology and traffic type on network performance when two flows compete with each other for airspace. We consider both TCP and UDP flows and a comprehensive set of node topologies. We vary these topologies to consider all combinations of the following four node-to-node interactions： （1） nodes unable to read or sense each other, （2） nodes able to sense each other but not able to read each other＇s packets and nodes able to communicate with （3） weak and with （4） strong signal. We evaluate all possible cases through simulation and show that the cases can be reduced to 9 UDP and 10 TCP 802.11g models with similar efficiency/fairness characteristics. We also validate our simulation results with extensive experiments conducted in a laboratory testbed. These more detailed models improve on previous work such as hidden-/exposed-terminal categorization and are thus better suited as a basis for adaptive techniques to improve performance in 802.11 multi-hop WLAN or Mesh Networks.
文摘The paper questions the normative value in the Chinese case of standard measures of aggregate income inequality such as the Gini coefficient.Evidence is adduced that people have narrow frames of reference and that they distinguish between income inequalities that they perceive to be fair and those that they perceive to be unfair.It is suggested that value judgements about what is fair or unfair can be guided by people’s own perceptions.People’s perceptions of unfairness can also be important to a government concerned to avoid social instability.The estimation of happiness functions can help to make the relevant distinctions.Examples are given of how fair and unfair inequalities might be identified,using either a criterion of people’s perceptions or one of informed judgements.Unfairness might be more strongly felt in inequalities of economic power than in inequalities of income,although the former can in turn result in inequalities of income.An argument is made for China researchers to extend inequality research and research instruments towards an economics of fairness and unfairness.
文摘India’s unorganized labour force contributes about one third of the total labour sector.The scenario is even worse in the Indian automotive industry which employs a little over 7%on a permanent basis.Problems get exaggerated due to the outdated labour laws,ironically established to support and protect workers.The disappointing areas in the labour contract act and labour laws have led to unfair wage practices and a hostile work environment,giving way to labour discord.This research paper discusses the key issues of labour dissonance in the Indian automobile industry using a Bayesian network analysis.Real-life casestudy examples from the Indian automobile industry were considered to identify the rationale behind labour unrest.Bayesian analysis of a set of 250 responses helped us to understand the associations among key attributes of labour dissatisfaction.
文摘A concurrent system can be modeled by a Petri net. A live Petri net may have fro-zen tokens. It is showed that such tokens can be deleted if they are superfluous, and, whilethey are useful, can be defrozen if they became frozen due to unfair occurrences of tran-sitions, and, finaloy, some frozen tokens lead to more processes.
文摘提示:你工作单位的老板的人格和个性如何?——此非小事也!因为:An un-favorably perceived supervisor is a potent workplace stressor,which might have aclinically significant impact on supervisees’cardiovascular functioning.(不得人心的上司是一部工作场所的“高效添压机”,这对其手下员工的心血管机能会产生严重的健康影响。)
