Effects of external parameters on plasma characteristics and uniformity in a dual cylindrical inductively coupled plasma

The dual cylindrical inductively coupled plasma source,compared to the conventional structure of inductively coupled plasma source,can significantly improve the uniformity of plasma.It has an enhanced potential for application in processes,such as etching and ashing.A uniform plasma can be obtained by allowing the remote plasma from the upper chamber modulate the main plasma generated in the lower chamber.In this study,a fluid model was employed to investigate a dual cylindrical inductively coupled Ar/O_(2)discharge.The effects of external parameters on electron density,electron temperature,O atomic density,and plasma uniformity in the main chamber were studied,and the reasons were analyzed.The results of this study show that remote power can control the plasma uniformity and increase the plasma density in the main chamber.As the remote power increased,plasma uniformity improved initially and then deteriorated.The main power affected the plasma density at the edge of the main chamber and can modulate the plasma density in the main chamber.The gas pressure affected both the uniformity and density of the plasma.As the gas pressure increased,the plasma uniformity deteriorated,but the free radical density improved.

Research on the design method for uniform wear of shield cutters in sand-pebble strata

During shield tunneling in highly abrasive formations such as sand–pebble strata,nonuniform wear of shield cutters is inevitable due to the different cutting distances.Frequent downtimes and cutter replacements have become major obstacles to long-distance shield driving in sand–pebble strata.Based on the cutter wear characteristics in sand–pebble strata in Beijing,a design methodology for the cutterhead and cutters was established in this study to achieve uniform wear of all cutters by the principle of frictional wear.The applicability of the design method was verified through three-dimensional simulations using the engineering discrete element method.The results show that uniform wear of all cutters on the cutterhead could be achieved by installing different numbers of cutters on each trajectory radius and designing a curved spoke with a certain arch height according to the shield diameter.Under the uniform wear scheme,the cutter wear coefficient is greatly reduced,and the largest shield driving distance is increased by approximately 47%over the engineering scheme.The research results indicate that the problem of nonuniform cutter wear in shield excavation could be overcome,thereby providing guiding significance for theoretical innovation and construction of long-distance shield excavation in highly abrasive strata.

Enhancing Collaborative Filtering via Topic Model Integrated Uniform Euclidean Distance

Recommendation system can greatly alleviate the "information overload" in the big data era. Existing recommendation methods, however, typically focus on predicting missing rating values via analyzing user-item dualistic relationship, which neglect an important fact that the latent interests of users can influence their rating behaviors. Moreover, traditional recommendation methods easily suffer from the high dimensional problem and cold-start problem. To address these challenges, in this paper, we propose a PBUED(PLSA-Based Uniform Euclidean Distance) scheme, which utilizes topic model and uniform Euclidean distance to recommend the suitable items for users. The solution first employs probabilistic latent semantic analysis(PLSA) to extract users' interests, users with different interests are divided into different subgroups. Then, the uniform Euclidean distance is adopted to compute the users' similarity in the same interest subset; finally, the missing rating values of data are predicted via aggregating similar neighbors' ratings. We evaluate PBUED on two datasets and experimental results show PBUED can lead to better predicting performance and ranking performance than other approaches.

The Complex System Modeling Method Based on Uniform Design and Neural Network

In this paper, the method based on uniform design and neural network is proposed to model the complex system. In order to express the system characteristics all round, uniform design method is used to choose the modeling samples and obtain the overall information of the system;for the purpose of modeling the system or its characteristics, the artificial neural network is used to construct the model. Experiment indicates that this method can model the complex system effectively.

Temperature field model in surface grinding: a comparative assessment

Grinding is a crucial process in machining workpieces because it plays a vital role in achieving the desired precision and surface quality.However,a significant technical challenge in grinding is the potential increase in temperature due to high specific energy,which can lead to surface thermal damage.Therefore,ensuring control over the surface integrity of workpieces during grinding becomes a critical concern.This necessitates the development of temperature field models that consider various parameters,such as workpiece materials,grinding wheels,grinding parameters,cooling methods,and media,to guide industrial production.This study thoroughly analyzes and summarizes grinding temperature field models.First,the theory of the grinding temperature field is investigated,classifying it into traditional models based on a continuous belt heat source and those based on a discrete heat source,depending on whether the heat source is uniform and continuous.Through this examination,a more accurate grinding temperature model that closely aligns with practical grinding conditions is derived.Subsequently,various grinding thermal models are summarized,including models for the heat source distribution,energy distribution proportional coefficient,and convective heat transfer coefficient.Through comprehensive research,the most widely recognized,utilized,and accurate model for each category is identified.The application of these grinding thermal models is reviewed,shedding light on the governing laws that dictate the influence of the heat source distribution,heat distribution,and convective heat transfer in the grinding arc zone on the grinding temperature field.Finally,considering the current issues in the field of grinding temperature,potential future research directions are proposed.The aim of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for predicting workpiece temperature and improving surface integrity.

Decomposition of Independence Using the Logit Uniform Association Model and Equality of Concordance and Discordance for Two-Way Classifications

For two-way contingency tables with ordered categories, the present paper gives a theorem that the independence model holds if and only if the logit uniform association model holds and equality of concordance and discordance for all pairs of adjacent rows and all dichotomous collapsing of the columns holds. Using the theorem, we analyze the cross-classification of duodenal ulcer patients according to operation and dumping severity.

Comparison of Uniform and Kernel Gaussian Weight Matrix in Generalized Spatial Panel Data Model

Panel data combine cross-section data and time series data. If the cross-section is locations, there is a need to check the correlation among locations. ρ and λ are parameters in generalized spatial model to cover effect of correlation between locations. Value of ρ or λ will influence the goodness of fit model, so it is important to make parameter estimation. The effect of another location is covered by making contiguity matrix until it gets spatial weighted matrix (W). There are some types of W—uniform W, binary W, kernel Gaussian W and some W from real case of economics condition or transportation condition from locations. This study is aimed to compare uniform W and kernel Gaussian W in spatial panel data model using RMSE value. The result of analysis showed that uniform weight had RMSE value less than kernel Gaussian model. Uniform W had stabil value for all the combinations.

Stability and Uniform Boundedness for a Class of Anaerobic Digestion Ecological Models

Stability, boundedness and persistence are three important aspects for an ecological model. In this paper, a further analysis of a class of anaerobic digestion ecological models is performed. Based on the Liupunov Method, the local stability of all equilibria in the system is got. According to the vector fields described by the system, the proof of the boundedness of the solution on the anaerobic digestion processes is completed in three steps. The method proposed in the discussion on the boundedness can be generalized to the similar problems. Results in this paper give information on how to run the ecological system well by adjusting the system parameters.

Modeling of Few-Mode Multi-Core Optical Fiber Channel Based on Non-Uniform Mode Field Distribution

In this paper, the influencing factors that affect few-mode and multi core optical fiber channel are analyzed in a comprehensive way. The theoretical modeling and computer simulation of the information channel are carried out and then the modeling scheme of few-mode multicore optical fiber channel based on non-uniform mode field distribution is put forward. The proposed modeling scheme can not only exponentially increases the system capacity through fewmode multi-core optical fiber channel, but has better transmission performance compared to the channel of the same type to the uniform channel revealing from the simulation results.

大盾构管片最不利上浮状态下三维形变特征模型试验方案设计

隧道施工期管片所受浆液浮力并非恒定,壁后浆液压力的不均匀分布会导致管片变形和隧道环的位错损伤。为减弱或避免因管片上浮造成的结构病害,通过自主设计研发一种考虑千斤顶水平推力、围岩压力以及同步注浆上浮力作用的管片三维加载模型试验系统,对大直径管片最不利上浮状态下的瞬时变形进行分析。试验装置由围压加载装置和非均布上浮力加载装置组成,可实现单点或多点同步加卸载;模型试验采用不同刚度弹簧模拟上浮期隧道与地层之间的相互作用;根据相似理论对管片模型和连接螺栓进行精细化设计和加工;根据实际工程中试验段的围压对模型围压初始值进行换算,并将动、静态上浮力相结合,提出更符合工程实际的盾构隧道横、纵向上浮力分析模型。结果表明:在拱底非均布上浮力的作用下,拱底竖向位移和收敛变形沿纵向均近似呈对数正态分布,其最大值均出现在脱出盾尾后第3环;各环管片的收敛变形与拱底竖向位移近似呈线性关系,斜率介于0.63~1.49之间;模型试验结果与实测数据相吻合。研究成果可为盾构隧道管片抗浮设计和施工提供一定的技术支持。

基于随机森林的导管架海洋平台结构模型修正方法

提出一种基于随机森林的有限元模型修正方法,能够快速、准确地给出导管架海洋平台结构模型的修正参数。选定平台不同的设计参数,对设计参数和基频进行Pearson相关性分析,得到与基频相关系数较大的参数,并重新设计试验参数获得基频。通过随机森林网络增加两者之间的非线性差异,验证网络精度及其泛化能力。结合实测数据,对比分析有限元模型的修正的效果。结果表明:模型的回归分数可达0.998,修正后的有限元模型可更准确地反映真实平台的动力特性。

基于粗糙集理论的均匀设计阿魏酸合成工艺因素规律的方法研究

目的利用粗糙集理论研究药物合成生产过程中生产因素之间的内在规律,探求最优合成工艺方案的方法。方法采用粗糙集理论方法,以阿魏酸合成工艺为案例,利用均匀设计试验预处理,形成基于粗糙集的决策表,建立粗糙集规则模型。通过决策规则分析工艺因素对试验指标的影响,优选最佳合成工艺。结果阿魏酸合成工艺的反应时间水平与阿魏酸收率水平呈线性增加的趋势(P<0.01),原料配比、吡啶量因素水平与阿魏酸收率水平并没有线性增加的趋势(P>0.05)。当试验三因素都取7水平时,试验结果最好,为最佳组合。结论粗糙集理论方法能够全面地分析药物合成工艺因素与试验结果之间的内在动态规律,为提高药物合成工艺质量,提出了一种独特的优选方法和思路以供参考。

非均匀网格有限差分法大地电磁测深法正演模拟

为解决有限差分法大地电磁正演模拟中模拟精度与计算效率之间的矛盾,采用非均匀网格有限差分进行了大地电磁响应计算。基于二维大地电磁方程,推导出非均匀网格剖分下的TM极化模式的大地电磁方程的差分格式。通过均匀半空间模型和低阻异常体模型的正演模拟,验证了非均匀网格差分法的正确性,非均匀网格差分法可以准确反映出复杂模型的大地电磁响应特征,识别异常体分布范围。

迷迭香提取液的抗菌研究

为揭示迷迭香中鼠尾草酚、咖啡酸、香叶木素、泽兰黄酮、迷迭香酚、鼠尾草酸、木樨草酸、芹菜素、槲皮素抗菌能力的交互作用,进行迷迭香提取液抗菌实验.以抑菌圈为响应值,均匀实验设计,采用逐步二项式算法建立模型.结果表明,模型相关系数R=0.976,说明模型预测能力强,迷迭香的抗菌活性主要由芹菜素、鼠尾草酚、泽兰黄酮决定.这为迷迭香的抗菌方面的应用提供了理论基础.

热风黏合烘箱有限元仿真分析与结构优化

为研究和提升热风黏合烘箱内部流场和温度场的均匀性,采用有限元分析方法对烘箱内部流场进行了仿真分析与优化。使用SolidWorks建立了烘箱流体域三维模型,根据烘箱工作时条件设定仿真计算的边界条件,通过实验测量得到纤维网的流阻数值,设定流阻相同的多孔介质模型代替纤维网实际结构,利用Fluent软件对烘箱内部流体域模型进行仿真计算,通过实验验证了仿真建模及计算的正确性。仿真结果表明:现有结构的烘箱上风道内流场不匀,纤维网表面温度场均匀性较差,针对仿真结果反映出的问题对烘箱结构进行了优化;优化后的烘箱仿真结果显示烘箱内部流场均匀性提升,纤维网上表面温度的总体均匀度由86.43%提升到93.06%。对烘箱进行结构优化后不仅提升了烘箱内部整体流场和温度场的均匀性,同时有利于降低烘箱的能耗。

基于ISSA-LSTM的储麦长期品质预测

为了解决非时序预测模型无法预测储麦品质时序劣变趋势,以及现有数据驱动的时序预测模型在长期储麦品质预测中因样本不足导致长期预测精度不高的问题,提出一种基于改进麻雀搜索算法(ISSA)优化长短时记忆网络(LSTM)的长期储麦品质预测模型。首先,提出了一种统计均匀分布方法,利用小麦稳定劣化的生理知识对原始数据进行增强扩容。其次,利用麻雀搜索算法(SSA)对LSTM模型进行优化,克服局部极值点,提高收敛速度。最后,引入t分布函数对SSA位置更新过程进行扰动避免局部最优。结果表明,储麦品质参数中的吸水率、咀嚼度、脂肪酸值和峰值黏度与储藏时间的Spearman相关性较为显著,相关系数均高于0.9,ISSA-LSTM模型预测精度相比于BP、LSTM、SSA-LSTM预测模型分别提高了11.83%、16.98%、26.50%,有助于提高小麦品质预测及分析的准确性。

我国旧制式服装回收综合利用模式探讨

旧制式服装作为废旧纺织品来源之一,在我国一直未能得到有效的回收和综合利用。首先阐述旧制式服装来源,在分析制约旧制式服装回收综合利用的主要因素后,提出我国旧制式服装回收综合利用3种模式,为企业开展旧制式服装回收综合利用工作提供参考。

间歇和连续喷灌下土壤水分运动特征COMSOL数值模拟与验证

为探明间歇喷灌和连续喷灌条件下的土壤水分运动规律,建立喷灌随时间变化的非均匀灌水边界下的土壤水分二维运动模型,借助COMSOL数值模拟软件,实现模型的求解,并通过土箱试验对模型进行验证,分析不同喷灌模式下土壤水分运动特征,评估喷灌均匀性和喷灌模式对土壤含水率均匀性的影响。结果表明,土壤含水率和土壤湿润峰模拟值与实测值之间的一致性较好。喷灌模式对土壤水分运动过程和含水率均匀度影响不大。随着间歇次数和间歇时长的增加,喷灌结束时表层土壤含水率减小、水分入渗深度增加。喷灌条件下,土壤含水率均匀度高于地表测得的喷灌均匀度。当喷灌均匀度为39.77%~80.15%时,土壤含水率均匀度为88.57%~94.47%。当喷灌均匀度较低、点喷灌强度较高、总灌水量较大时,采用间歇喷灌、增加间隙次数和总间歇时长,可以一定程度降低地表径流和深层渗漏风险、改善土壤含水率均匀性。研究可为喷灌系统设计均匀度合理取值和高效运行提供理论基础。

蒙陕矿区内钢板-钢筋混凝土钻井井壁非均匀受力特性研究

以蒙陕矿区某煤矿风井为工程背景,利用双向不等压模型推导出水平地应力下井壁的受力形式,并得出了非均匀系数k的计算公式,确定了蒙陕矿区地层的不均匀系数范围为0.06~0.20,研判了钻井井壁全深受力关键横断面的受力破坏特征。根据有限元软件ANSYS模拟非均匀荷载条件下的井壁受力规律,井壁混凝土外缘环向应力为控制应力,井壁应力呈现非均匀分布,90°位置的不均匀程度大于0°位置,外荷载较小的90°位置受拉,而外荷载较大的0°位置受压。通过对井壁压力试验台对内钢板-钢筋混凝土进行非均匀加载试验分析,非均匀荷载对钻井井壁受力影响极为明显,在k=0.15时模型的峰值应力仅为均匀荷载条件下的23.1%~33.3%;在k=0.20时模型的峰值应力为均匀荷载条件下的20%左右,且破坏形式为混凝土先受拉破坏,随后钢筋和钢板屈服。研究结果表明,内钢板-钢筋混凝土钻井井壁对非均匀荷载较为敏感,在蒙陕矿区使用钻井法应该考虑非均匀系数的影响,且需要在井壁设计阶段重点关注井壁外荷载较小位置的受力。

β相区固溶处理对新型TB17钛合金晶粒尺寸及均匀性的影响

首先对新型TB17钛合金进行了β相区(900~1050℃)保温不同时间(30~120 min)的固溶处理,并对固溶处理后合金晶粒尺寸进行了统计分析,研究了合金在β相区的晶粒生长行为及均匀性,计算了合金β相生长指数n和生长激活能Q,并建立了β相变点以上的β晶粒生长模型。结果表明,随保温时间的延长,合金β相的晶粒尺寸的变化趋势为先快速增加,后增加速率趋于缓慢。在较低加热温度(900~950℃)下,β晶粒缓慢增长,超过1000℃后,β晶粒快速增长。合金β相区晶粒平均生长指数为0.248,β相区晶粒生长激活能为51.9 kJ/mol;在晶粒尺寸均匀性方面,随保温时间的增加,β晶粒尺寸均匀性增加。保温时间低于60 min时,β晶粒尺寸均匀性差。β晶粒尺寸与保温时间存在幂函数关系。建立了β相变点以上的β晶粒生长模型Dn-D0=13494×t 0.248 exp(-71903/RT),模型计算值与实验数据的平均误差为5.5%。