Research on the cultural transmission of college students under the background of the ＂double first-class＂university construction

Throughout the world＇s first-class universities, the university culture is the soul of the universities＇ survival and development, and the cultural competitiveness has become an important symbol of the core competitiveness of the universities. The first-class university culture is very important to the construction of the ＂double first-class＂. Therefore, our country should bring the university cultural construction into the big pattern of the ＂double first-class＂ construction, guide the construction of the university cultures with the socialist core values, strengthen the cultural confidence, inherit the Chinese excellent traditional cultures, pay attention to the rational exchange of the multicultural cultures, highlight the Chinese characteristics of the first-class university cultures, and realize the dream of the Chinese nation of a power of the higher education.

Cross-correlation of 21 cm and soft X-ray backgrounds during the epoch of reionization

The cross-correlation between the high-redshift 21 cm background and the Soft X-ray Background （SXB） of the Universe may provide an additional probe of the Epoch of Reionization. Here we use semi-numerical simulations to create 21 cm and soft X-ray intensity maps and construct their cross power spectra. Our results indicate that the cross power spectra are sensitive to the thermal and ionizing states of the intergalactic medium （IGM）. The 21 cm background correlates positively to the SXB on large scales during the early stages of the reionization. However as the reionization develops, these two back- grounds turn out to be anti-correlated with each other when more than - 15% of the IGM is ionized in a warm reionization scenario. The anti-correlated power reaches its maximum when the neutral fraction declines to 0.2-0.5. Hence, the trough in the cross power spectrum might be a useful tool for tracing the growth of HII regions during the middle and late stages of the reionization. We estimate the detectability of the cross power spectrum based on the abilities of the Square Kilometre Array and the Wide Field X-ray Telescope （WFXT）, and find that to detect the cross power spectrum, the pixel noise of X-ray images has to be at least 4 orders of magnitude lower than that of the WFXT deep survey.

Cosmic microwave background constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio

One of the main goals of modern cosmic microwave background （CMB） missions is to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio r accurately to constrain inflation models. Due to ignorance about the reionization history Xe （z）, this analysis is usu- ally done by assuming an instantaneous reionization Xe （z） which, however, can bias the best-fit value of r. Moreover, due to the strong mixing of B-mode and E-mode polarizations in cut-sky measurements, multiplying the sky coverage fraction fsky by the full-sky likelihood would not give satisfactory results. In this work, we forecast constraints on r for the Planck mission taking into account the general reionization scenario and cut-sky effects. Our results show that by applying an N-point interpo- lation analysis to the reionization history, the bias induced by the assumption of in- stantaneous reionization is removed and the value of r is constrained within 5% error level, if the true value of r is greater than about 0.1.

EMOTIONAL SPEECH RECOGNITION BASED ON SVM WITH GMM SUPERVECTOR

Emotion recognition from speech is an important field of research in human computer interaction. In this letter the framework of Support Vector Machines (SVM) with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) supervector is introduced for emotional speech recognition. Because of the importance of variance in reflecting the distribution of speech, the normalized mean vectors potential to exploit the information from the variance are adopted to form the GMM supervector. Comparative experiments from five aspects are conducted to study their corresponding effect to system performance. The experiment results, which indicate that the influence of number of mixtures is strong as well as influence of duration is weak, provide basis for the train set selection of Universal Background Model (UBM).

Anisotropic power spectrum and the observed low-l power in PLANCK CMB data

In this work,we study a direction dependent power spectrum in anisotropic Finsler spacetime. We use this direction dependent power spectrum to address the low-l power observed in WMAP and PLANCK data. The angular power spectrum of the temperature fluctuations has a lower amplitude in comparison to the ΛCDM model in the multipole range l = 2-40. Our theoretical model gives a correction to the isotropic angular power spectrum Cl^TT ldue to the breaking of rotational invariance of the primordial power spectrum. We estimate best-fit model parameters along with the six ΛCDM cosmological parameters using the PLANCK likelihood code in Cosmo MC software. We find that this modified angular power spectrum fits the CMB temperature data in the multipole range l = 2-10 to a good extent but fails for the whole multipole range l = 2-40.

Modeling the WMAP large-angle anomalies as an effect of a local density inhomogeneity

We investigate large-angle scale temperature anisotropy in the Cosmic Microwave Background （CMB） with the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe （WMAP） data and model the large-angle anomalies as the effect of the CMB quadrupole anisotropies caused by the local density inhomogeneities. The quadrupole caused by the local density inhomogeneities is different from the special relativity kinematic quadrupole. If the observer inhabits a strong inhomogeneous region, the lo- cal quadrupole should not be neglected. We calculate such local quadrupole under the assumption that there is a huge density fluctuation field in the direction （284°, 74°）, where the density fluctuation is 10-3, and its center is - 112 h-1 Mpc away from us. After removing such mock signals from WMAP data, the power in the quadrupole, C2, increases from the range （200 - 260 μK2） to - 1000 μK2. The quantity S, which is used to estimate the alignment between the quadrupole and the octopole, decreases from （0.7 - 0.74） to （0.31 - 0.37）, while the model predicts that C2 = 1071.5 μK2, and S = 0.412. So our local density inhomogeneity model can, in part, explain the WMAP low-l anomalies.

Research of whispered speech vocal tract system conversion based on universal background model and effective Gaussian components

Directing to the weakness of the present fixed values mapping methods （method_F）, a vocal tract system conversion method based on the universal background model （UBM） is proposed for improving the performance of the speech conversion system from Chinese whis- pered speech to normal speech. For the numerous components of UBM, the errors produced by the acoustical probability density statistical model can＇t be ignored. Thus an effective Gaus- sian mixture components chosen method based on the posterior probability summation of the minimum spectral distortion is developed to optimizing the system performance. The proposed method （method_U） is analyzed and compared using the performance index （PI） based on Itakura-Saito spectral distortion measure. It is shown experimentally that the performance of method_U is more stability for different speakers and different phonemes than that of method_F. The average PI of method_U is better than method_F. It is shown that by selecting effective Gaussian mixture components, the PI of method_U can be further improved 5.11%. Subjective auditory tests also show that the proposed method can improve the definition and intelligibility of conversion speech.

Should Universities Use Family Background As a Standard for Recruiting Students?

Renmin University of China (RUC) has launched a project to help students from rural areas realize their dreams of going to college. This was part of the university’s 2012 recruitment policy. The project aims at giving an opportunity to rural