The Impact of Demographics and Cultural Tourism on University Enrollments in Calabria, Italy

The decline in the birth rate,which has been uninterrupted in Italy since the mid-1960s,has had a significant impact on many aspects of society.As far as the educational system is concerned,this phenomenon has acted like a wave,first causing a decline in the population of the first school age groups,then in the other groups,until recently affecting the 19-25 age group,which includes the majority of university students.As a result,the majority of Italian universities have seen a decline over time in both enrollments(matriculations)and student numbers(enrollments),although the situation varies from one area to another.In the Mezzogiorno,this trend is even more pronounced,since an increasing number of resident students tend to favor universities in the Centre-North,creating a South-Centre-North movement,which could be compared to a particular form of cultural tourism,without a similar flow in the opposite direction.Finally,the study highlights the probable consequences of the recent demographic depopulation on the future trend of university enrollment of residents aged 19-25 in the Calabria region,using the most recent demographic projections of Istat and constructing two evolutionary scenarios.In the first scenario,we have assumed that in the near future university enrollment rates remain constant throughout the period considered;in the second scenario,these rates instead experience a gradual and continuous increase.These results could be useful if further forecasts of university enrollments were to be made at the level of individual Calabrian universities.

Projection of PM_(2.5) and Ozone Concentration Changes over the Jing-Jin-Ji Region in China

Based on GISS-E2-R model simulations, the changes in PM2.5 and ozone concentrations during 2016– 35 are analyzed over the Jing-Jin-Ji region under different future emissions scenarios: 2.6, 4.5, 6.0, 8.5 Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios(RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, and RCP8.5), compared to the baseline periods of 1851–70(pre-industrial) and 1986–2005(present day). The results show that PM2.5 increases under all emissions scenarios, with the maximum value occurring in the southeastern part of the region under most scenarios. As for ozone, its concentration is projected to increase during 2016–35 under all emissions scenarios, compared to the baseline periods. The temporal evolutions of PM2.5 and ozone show PM2.5 reaching a peak during 2020–40, while ozone will likely increase steadily in the future.

Factor value determination and applicability evaluation of universal soil loss equation in granite gneiss region

Six types of runoff plots were set up and an experimental study was carried out to examine natural rate of soil and water loss in the granite gneiss region of northern Jiangsu Province in China. Through correlation analysis of runoff and soil loss during 364 rainfall events, a simplified and convenient mathematical formula suitable for calculating the rainfall erosivity factor （R） for the local region was established. Other factors of the universal soil loss equation （USLE model） were also determined. Relative error analysis of the soil loss of various plots calculated by the USLE model on the basis of the observed values showed that the relative error ranged from -3.5% to 9.9% and the confidence level was more than 90%. In addition, the relative error was 5.64% for the terraced field and 12.36% for the sloping field in the practical application. Thus, the confidence level was above 87.64%. These results provide a scientific basis for forecasting and monitoring soil and water loss, for comprehensive management of small watersheds, and for soil and water conservation planning in the region.

A core-satellite self-assembled SERS aptasensor containing a“biological-silent region”Raman tag for the accurate and ultrasensitive detection of histamine

Herein,a novel interference-free surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS)strategy based on magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs)and aptamer-driven assemblies was proposed for the ultrasensitive detection of histamine.A core-satellite SERS aptasensor was constructed by combining aptamer-decorated Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs(as the recognize probe for histamine)and complementary DNA-modified silver nanoparticles carrying 4-mercaptobenzonitrile(4-MBN)(Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA)as the SERS signal probe for the indirect detection of histamine.Under an applied magnetic field in the absence of histamine,the assembly gave an intense Raman signal at“Raman biological-silent”region due to 4-MBN.In the presence of histamine,the Ag@4-MBN@Ag-c-DNA SERS-tag was released from the Fe_(3)O_(4)@Au MNPs,thus decreasing the SERS signal.Under optimal conditions,an ultra-low limit of detection of 0.65×10^(-3)ng/mL and a linear range 10^(-2)-10^5 ng/mL on the SERS aptasensor were obtained.The histamine content in four food samples were analyzed using the SERS aptasensor,with the results consistent with those determined by high performance liquid chromatography.The present work highlights the merits of indirect strategies for the ultrasensitive and highly selective SERS detection of small biological molecules in complex matrices.

The interactive development of economy in Hebei coastal region and local universities

This article taking national current affairs decisions as entry points, the theory related to regional economy as basis, analyzes the development relation between regional economy and local universities, thus puts forward countermeasures to achieve the interactive and coordinating development of Hebei coastal regional economy and local universities.

Research on the Innovation Path to Strengthen Excellent Traditional Culture Education for Colleges and Universities in Shenzhen Under the Background of"Driven by Two Regions

With a series of stated-issued policies to support the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,Shenzhen has welcomed a major historical opportunity period of"driven by two regions."Shenzhen is a pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics and a dual core region of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.For colleges and universities in Shenzhen,this is both an opportunity and challenge.Under government support,colleges and universities in Shenzhen should carry out excellent traditional culture education,conduct top-level design,built an excellent traditional cultural education system,help students to form correct outlook on life and values,enhance a sense of national identity,supply first-class talents with both political integrity and professional competence for the two regions,as well as gather strength for developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and pilot demonstration area of socialism with Chinese characteristics.

The Hyperspace of the Regions Below of Continuous Maps from the Converging Sequence

Let S = {1,1/2,1/2^2,…,1/∞ = 0} and I = [0, 1] be the unit interval. We use ↓USC（S） and ↓C（S） to denote the families of the regions below of all upper semi-continuous maps and of the regions below of all continuous maps from S to I and ↓C0（S） = {↓f∈↓C（S） ： f（0） = 0}. ↓USC（S） endowed with the Vietoris topology is a topological space. A pair of topological spaces （X, Y） means that X is a topological space and Y is its subspace. Two pairs of topological spaces （X, Y） and （A, B） are called pair-homeomorphic （≈） if there exists a homeomorphism h ： X→A from X onto A such that h（Y） = B. It is proved that, （↓USC（S）,↓C0（S）） ≈（Q, s） and （↓USC（S）,↓C（S）／ ↓C0（S））≈（Q, c0）, where Q = [-1,1]^ω is the Hilbert cube and s = （-1,1）^ω,c0= {（xn）∈Q ： limn→∞= 0}. But we do not know what （↓USC（S）,↓C（S））is.

Influence of Human Activities on Wintertime Haze-Related Meteorological Conditions over the Jing–Jin–Ji Region

This work analyzes and discusses the influence of human activities on the meteorological conditions related to winter haze events in Beijing,Tianjin,and Hebei(i.e.,the Jing-Jin-Ji region)during 1961-2016,using the results of two numerical simulation experiments based on the Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1.1(http://www.cesm.ucar.edu/models/cesm1.0/cam/docs/ug5_1_1/book1.html)used in the international Climate Variability and Predictability Programme(CLIVAR)Climate of the 20th Century Detection and Attribution Project(C20C+D&A).The results show that,under the influence of human activities,the changes in dynamical and thermal meteorological conditions related to winter haze events in the Jing–Jin–Ji region are conducive to the formation and accumulation of haze,and prevent the diffusion of pollutants.The dynamical conditions mainly include the obvious weakening of the East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)and the enhancement of the near-surface anomalous southerly wind.The thermal conditions include the obvious increase in surface temperature,and the enhancement of water vapor transport and near-surface inversion.The relative contribution of dynamical and thermal conditions to the variation of haze days in the Jing-Jin-Ji region is analyzed using statistical methods.The results show that the contribution of human activities to the increase of haze days in the Jing-Jin-Ji region is greater than that of natural forcing for the study period.To be specific,the dynamical meteorological factors contribute more to the haze days than the thermal meteorological factors.The contribution of thermal meteorological factors is basically the same in both scenarios.

Jing-Jin-Ji Air-Rail Intermodality System Study Based on Beijing New Airport

After the completion of Beijing New Airport, air-rail intermodality will become an important means of internal and external links in Jing-Jin-Ji Region. Jing-Jin-Ji Air-Rail Intermodality System is built and 7 sub-systems are divided based on user demand analysis. Refer to the passenger process, the business process of the system is planned and the sub-systems are described using data flow diagram. The system provides theoretical support for the development of air-rail intermodal in Jing-Jin-Ji region.

产业学院建设助力高等职业教育适应区域经济发展研究

随着经济的发展和社会的进步,高等职业教育在推动区域经济发展中发挥着重要的作用。通过分析高等职业教育与区域经济发展的关系,探讨了加强组织领导、融入区域发展、与区域企业融合、衔接产业链、创新链和教育链等方式,实现产学研的深度融合,为区域经济发展提供有力的支持。在产业学院建设中,建立管理委员会、依托大数据质量监控云平台等举措,提高产业学院的办学质量和人才培养效果,以期为高等职业教育适应区域经济发展提供有益的借鉴。

转型视域下应用型高校学报的内涵建设及影响力提升途径

地方高校向应用型高校转型带动了学报的转型。在此背景下应用型高校学报需开启新的内涵建设。为此应用型高校学报应突破综合性和内向性,突出专业性和外向性;发挥科技期刊的功能,丰富自身内涵。针对目前面临的办刊模式单一封闭、同质化严重、质量不高等问题,应用型高校学报应立足于本校的学科优势和所在区域的优势,重新定位办刊目标、学术侧重点以及服务对象,以提升办刊水平和影响力。

基于学生评教结果的台湾地区高校教师教学质量管理机制研究

以学生为教育评价主体对教师的教学过程进行评价,已是高校教育改革的重要环节。如何对待学生评价,尤其是差评,是校方要把握的重要内容。为此对台湾地区23所高校出台的教师教学评价实施与追踪辅导相关办法进行了文本分析。从分析结果来看,各校要求评教结果能充分反映出教师教学情况、顾及评教结果不佳教师的感受并且充分保护当事人的隐私,从多方面寻找教师评教结果的问题与解决途径,以及柔性的辅导与刚性的惩戒机制并行兼施。台湾地区高校的这些做法值得借鉴。

回归以来澳门高校人才政策的调适与启示

高校是高层次人才集聚和培养的重要平台。回归以来,中国澳门高等教育实现了有序快速发展,高校人才队伍总量持续增加,集聚效应开始显现,这主要得益于澳门特别行政区政府通过教育政策和人才政策的双重政策调适,正面引导和优化配置高校人才发展,实现了中国澳门高等教育从自由发展到目标牵引的转型,中国澳门人才政策从封闭保守向自信开放的转型。内地高校人才队伍建设中,可提供具有竞争力的薪资水平及适度的福利待遇,切实提升高校人才治理水平,严格控制人才认定标准和程序,强化企业的社会公共责任;高水平人才高地建设中可进一步增强高校高层次人才引进力度和提高人才获得感和幸福感。

五螺旋框架下高校参与区域科技创新组态效应研究

高校是推动区域科技创新和产业变革的关键力量,对区域科技创新系统具有支撑性和引领性。利用五螺旋创新理论框架,探究政府支持、产业基础、学术能力、公众需求、创新环境等关键要素影响高校参与区域科技创新的前因条件和交互效应。对比我国31个省份组态效应,结合NCA和fsQCA方法,发现高校参与区域科技创新具有“多重并发”特征。高校参与区域科技创新没有绝对最优路径,只有相对最优路径,不同驱动路径之间存在差异性和等效性。政府支持、产业基础、学术能力、公众需求、创新环境之间不同组态形成了3条高区域科技创新路径和4条非高区域科技创新路径。3条高区域科技创新路径分别是政产学公众联合导向型、政产公众环境联合导向型、产学公众环境联合导向型;4条非高区域科技创新路径分别是产业缺失型、政环境缺失型、政产环境缺失型、学术环境缺失型。其中,政府组织协调职能、持续稳定的公众参与机制和区域内部规模化创新环境有效促进了高校内部创新活动与区域整体要素资源的结构性契合,增加了不同驱动路径之间的等效转化机会。为此,不同区域应依据产业资源禀赋特点和高校发展特色,科学调整高校在区域科技创新系统的协同嵌入形式,从单一优化转向组态耦合,实现多重条件的组态优化。以新型举国体制为主线持续推动科教融汇、产教协同,激活公众创新基因和区域创新势能,不断提升高校参与区域科技创新的能力。

校地双循环耦合视阈下地方高校区域特色人才培养研究

区域特色人才是充分掌握、适应特定区域所具有的特殊条件、状态和特性,并以此为基础形成某种知识素质能力的特质,能够在区域内有效就业创业,促进区域经济社会发展的人才。培养区域特色人才,要使高校人才培养的内循环、小循环与地方经济社会发展的外循环、大循环在质态、性质、特点、规模、方向等方面互相适应、支撑和耦合。当前,区域特色人才培养存在社会契合度、社会支撑度和政府政策力度不足等问题。优化区域特色人才培养,需要纵深推进地方经济循环和地方高校人才培养循环的利益、过程、人才、制度耦合,强化人才培养的驱动力量、根本基础、主体力量和制度保障。

国家均衡发展框架下的韩国地方大学培育政策研究

针对首都圈与地方大学发展不均衡及大学与区域联系不紧密的问题,韩国从20世纪初开始在国家均衡发展这一大框架下制定培育地方大学的政策。通过推进地方大学的特色化和产学合作、促进大学与区域的合作、强化终身教育功能等措施,韩国努力达成“培养区域社会所需人才及构建促进地方大学与区域社会发展的良性循环结构”的目标。这也为我国制定与区域共同发展的大学政策提供了启示:通过合作和突显特色,提升大学竞争力;促进以大学为主导的区域均衡发展;强调大学的区域创新能力,构建区域生态系统。

“蓝色经济”战略背景下高校图书馆区域协作与服务路径探析——以中国海洋大学图书馆为例

为了了解目前高校图书馆区域协作理论研究与实践发展的基本情况,以中国海洋大学图书馆为例,从涉海特色文献资源与信息服务体系建设、参与区域协作发展与服务模式几个方面,总结服务地方“蓝色经济”发展的情况。针对高校图书馆区域协作普遍存在的问题,提出服务“蓝色经济”发展,健全区域协作与服务体系的建议。

耶鲁大学20世纪90年代以来面向区域经济发展的内在变革

相较于美国很多研究型大学,坚守学术传统和文化保守性的耶鲁大学对大学经济使命的重视和承担区域经济责任的起步远远落后了数十年。直到20世纪90年代,在外源压力和内生动力共同作用下,耶鲁大学才选择通过对内部组织、政策和文化的变革,主动参与改变所在城市纽黑文的城市面貌和经济发展态势。耶鲁大学的成功之处在于短时间内实现了以大学内部变革带动城市的经济振兴和生物技术产业的快速发展。研究耶鲁大学在20世纪90年代面向区域经济发展的变革实践,对我国研究型大学通过大学本身的调整与转型服务区域经济发展具有一定的启示意义。

面向区域创新的高校知识产权信息公共服务营销策略研究

优质的知识产权信息公共服务供给将有效发挥知识产权对区域经济社会发展的支撑作用。作为区域网点机构,高校知识产权信息公共服务营销策略对于知识产权信息公共服务推广与实践,满足社会公众信息服务的可及性、便利性需求,具有理论价值和现实意义。本文对30家高校国家知识产权信息服务中心营销效果现状展开调研,结合实践经验进行问题分析,并从区域创新需求视角出发构建面向区域创新的高校知识产权信息公共服务营销框架,从而提出相应策略。研究策略为高校知识产权信息公共服务提供了针对性较强的参考。

应用型大学师资赋能区域优势产业的社会属性与实践路径

当前,高校科技成果转化及教师服务区域经济的能力,是衡量高校社会影响力的重要指标;培养学生实践及创新能力是应用型大学应具备的基本能力。高校师资在服务地方经济发展时,应充分发挥其应用性、行业性、市场性特点,赋能区域优势产业。然而,目前应用型大学在师资队伍建设中面临诸多挑战,如师资结构分布失衡、教师招聘重科研轻实践、实质性企业兼职教师数量不足、教师社会实践途径单一、教师自身投入赋能欲望不强等,归根结底在于学校转型不彻底、校企融合不充分、政府资金保障欠缺、考核与激励制度不完善。为提高应用型师资服务地方经济的能力,需深化产学研结合,营建合理转型氛围,提升教师转型认同;产教城联动,特色与需求结合、理论与实践并重;校政企协同,打破“蝴蝶效应”,为教师提供全方位路径支持;经科教融通,探索适度耦合式师资激励机制,构建“区域成长共同体”,以助力应用型大学师资赋能区域优势产业。