The Jiao Tong University Spectroscopic Telescope Project

The Jiao Tong University Spectroscopic Telescope(JUST)is a 4.4-meter f/6.0 segmented-mirror telescope dedicated to spectroscopic observations.The JUST primary mirror is composed of 18 hexagonal segments,each with a diameter of 1.1 m.JUST provides two Nasmyth platforms for placing science instruments.One Nasmyth focus fits a field of view of 10′and the other has an extended field of view of 1.2°with correction optics.A tertiary mirror is used to switch between the two Nasmyth foci.JUST will be installed at a site at Lenghu in Qinghai Province,China,and will conduct spectroscopic observations with three types of instruments to explore the dark universe,trace the dynamic universe,and search for exoplanets:(1)a multi-fiber(2000 fibers)medium-resolution spectrometer(R=4000-5000)to spectroscopically map galaxies and large-scale structure;(2)an integral field unit(IFU)array of 500 optical fibers and/or a long-slit spectrograph dedicated to fast follow-ups of transient sources for multi-messenger astronomy;(3)a high-resolution spectrometer(R~100000)designed to identify Jupiter analogs and Earth-like planets,with the capability to characterize the atmospheres of hot exoplanets.

Numerical and theoretical study of large-scale failure of strata overlying sublevel caving mines with steeply dipping discontinuities

The deformation and fracture evolution mechanisms of the strata overlying mines mined using sublevel caving were studied via numerical simulations.Moreover,an expression for the normal force acting on the side face of a steeply dipping superimposed cantilever beam in the surrounding rock was deduced based on limit equilibrium theory.The results show the following:(1)surface displacement above metal mines with steeply dipping discontinuities shows significant step characteristics,and(2)the behavior of the strata as they fail exhibits superimposition characteristics.Generally,failure first occurs in certain superimposed strata slightly far from the goaf.Subsequently,with the constant downward excavation of the orebody,the superimposed strata become damaged both upwards away from and downwards toward the goaf.This process continues until the deep part of the steeply dipping superimposed strata forms a large-scale deep fracture plane that connects with the goaf.The deep fracture plane generally makes an angle of 12°-20°with the normal to the steeply dipping discontinuities.The effect of the constant outward transfer of strata movement due to the constant outward failure of the superimposed strata in the metal mines with steeply dipping discontinuities causes the scope of the strata movement in these mines to be larger than expected.The strata in the metal mines with steeply dipping discontinuities mainly show flexural toppling failure.However,the steeply dipping structural strata near the goaf mainly exhibit shear slipping failure,in which case the mechanical model used to describe them can be simplified by treating them as steeply dipping superimposed cantilever beams.By taking the steeply dipping superimposed cantilever beam that first experiences failure as the key stratum,the failure scope of the strata(and criteria for the stability of metal mines with steeply dipping discontinuities mined using sublevel caving)can be obtained via iterative computations from the key stratum,moving downward toward and upwards away from the goaf.

Opening and Sharing of Large-scale Instruments and Equipment in Agricultural Research Institutes:A Case Study of Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

The article introduces the main practices and achievements of the Environment and Plant Protection Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences in promoting the sharing of large-scale instruments and equipment in recent years,analyzes the existing problems in the management system,management team,assessment incentives and maintenance guarantee,and proposes improvement measures and suggestions from aspects of improving the sharing management system,strengthening management team building,strengthening sharing assessment and incentives,improving maintenance capabilities and expanding external publicity,to further improve the sharing management of large-scale instruments and equipment.

Galaxy Interactions in Filaments and Sheets:Effects of the Large-scale Structures Versus the Local Density

Major interactions are known to trigger star formation in galaxies and alter their color.We study the major interactions in filaments and sheets using SDSS data to understand the influence of large-scale environments on galaxy interactions.We identify the galaxies in filaments and sheets using the local dimension and also find the major pairs residing in these environments.The star formation rate(SFR) and color of the interacting galaxies as a function of pair separation are separately analyzed in filaments and sheets.The analysis is repeated for three volume limited samples covering different magnitude ranges.The major pairs residing in the filaments show a significantly higher SFR and bluer color than those residing in the sheets up to the projected pair separation of~50 kpc.We observe a complete reversal of this behavior for both the SFR and color of the galaxy pairs having a projected separation larger than 50 kpc.Some earlier studies report that the galaxy pairs align with the filament axis.Such alignment inside filaments indicates anisotropic accretion that may cause these differences.We do not observe these trends in the brighter galaxy samples.The pairs in filaments and sheets from the brighter galaxy samples trace relatively denser regions in these environments.The absence of these trends in the brighter samples may be explained by the dominant effect of the local density over the effects of the large-scale environment.

Neutrino Mass Constraints from Reconstructing the Large-scale Structure:Systematic Uncertainty

We examine the possibility of applying the baryonic acoustic oscillation reconstruction method to improve the neutrino massΣm_νconstraint.Thanks to the Gaussianization of the process,we demonstrate that the reconstruction algorithm could improve the measurement accuracy by roughly a factor of two.On the other hand,the reconstruction process itself becomes a source of systematic error.While the algorithm is supposed to produce the displacement field from a density distribution,various approximations cause the reconstructed output to deviate on intermediate scales.Nevertheless,it is still possible to benefit from this Gaussianized field,given that we can carefully calibrate the“transfer function”between the reconstruction output and theoretical displacement divergence from simulations.The limitation of this approach is then set by the numerical stability of this transfer function.With an ensemble of simulations,we show that such systematic error could become comparable to statistical uncertainties for a DESI-like survey and be safely neglected for other less ambitious surveys.

Probing the Large-scale Structure of the Universe Through Gravitational Wave Observations

The improvements in the sensitivity of the gravitational wave(GW) network enable the detection of several large redshift GW sources by third-generation GW detectors. These advancements provide an independent method to probe the large-scale structure of the universe by using the clustering of the binary black holes(BBHs). The black hole catalogs are complementary to the galaxy catalogs because of large redshifts of GW events, which may imply that BBHs are a better choice than galaxies to probe the large-scale structure of the universe and cosmic evolution over a large redshift range. To probe the large-scale structure, we used the sky position of the BBHs observed by third-generation GW detectors to calculate the angular correlation function and the bias factor of the population of BBHs. This method is also statistically significant as 5000 BBHs are simulated. Moreover, for the third-generation GW detectors, we found that the bias factor can be recovered to within 33% with an observational time of ten years. This method only depends on the GW source-location posteriors;hence, it can be an independent method to reveal the formation mechanisms and origin of the BBH mergers compared to the electromagnetic method.

On the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe as given by the Voronoi Diagrams

The size distributions of 2D and 3D Voronoi cells and of cells of Vp（2, 3）,--2D cut of 3D Voronoi diagram--are explored, with the slngle-parameter （re-scaled） gamma distribution playing a central role in the analytical fitting. Observational evidence for a cellular universe is briefly reviewed. A simulated Vp（2, 3） map with galaxies lying on the cell boundaries is constructed to compare, as regards general appearance, with the observed CfA map of galaxies and voids, the parameters of the simulation being so chosen as to reproduce the largest observed void size.

Development of the Buddhist-Based Spiritual Health of Thai University Students Instrument

This study contributes to the development of a valid and reliable instrument, Buddhist-based Spiritual Health of Thai University Students Instrument （SHTUSI）. Participants were students from bachelor level of 15 faculties （N = 530）, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai Campus, Thailand. Content validity was examined by six experts （I-CVI = 1）. Construct validity was evaluated by factor analysis with four latent factors： noble mind, moral living, mindful management, and attentive learning. The reliability coefficient of SHTUSI with 30 items was satisfactory value （Cronbach＇s α = .89）. Each factor has good internal reliability which includes： （1） noble mind （Cronbach＇s α = .86）; （2） moral living （Cronbach＇s a = .78）; （3） mindful management （Cronbach＇s α = .77）; and （4） attentive learning （Cronbach＇s α = .76）. Furthermore, the test-retest reliability was .51 and the concurrent validity was tested by Thai Happiness Indicator with moderate correlation （Pearson＇s r = .574, p 〈 .01）. The finding suggests that the development instrument has adequate validity and reliability.

Alignment between satellite and central galaxies in the EAGLE simulation:dependence on the large-scale environments

The alignment between satellite and central galaxies serves as a proxy for addressing the issue of galaxy formation and evolution, and has been investigated abundantly in observations and theoretical works.Most scenarios indicate that the satellites preferentially are located along the major axis of their central galaxy. Recent work shows that the strength of alignment signals depends on the large-scale environment in observations. We use the publicly-released data from EAGLE to figure out whether the same effect can be found in the associated hydrodynamic simulation. We found much stronger environmental dependency of alignment signals in the simulation. We also explore change of alignments to address the formation of this effect.

Super-Large-Scale Structures in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We study the super-large-scale structures in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey by cluster analysis, and examine the geometry and the properties of the member galaxies. Two subsamples are selected from the SDSS, Subsample 1 at the celestial equator and Subsample 2 further north. In Subsample 1 we discover two compact super-large-scale structures： the Sloan Great Wall and the CfA Great Wall. The Sloan Great Wall, located at a median redshift of z= 0.07804, has a total length of about 433 Mpc and a mean galaxy density of about six times that of the whole sample. Most of its member galaxies are of medium size and brightness. The CfA Great Wall, located at a median redshift of z = 0.03058, has a total length of about 251 Mpc and includes large percentages of faint and small galaxies and relatively fewer early-type galaxies.

The Choice of Translation Strategy When Translating the University Prospectus—from the Perspective of the Skopos Theory

The Skopos Theory argues that the text type implies the function of the text,which then determines the choice of translation strategy.Therefore,to search for effective approaches to translate the university prospectus,the text type and function have to be firstly pinpointed.Analysis under the Skopos Theory on actual cases proves that comprehensive application of the instrumental translation and documentary translation according to the text function allows the translated version to better realize its function.

高校大型仪器开放实验室网络培训体系的探索

大型仪器在高校人才培养和科研测试服务中发挥着重要作用,系统的培训体系是高校大型仪器共享平台高效运行的基本保障,也是高校推进一流教育和拔尖人才培养的客观要求。系统性规范化的网络培训模式有利于提升培训的效果。通过构建包含安全培训及考核、仪器使用培训及考核、仪器原理及应用技巧、仪器测试成果与前沿展示互动交流于一体的网络资源平台,探索基于此平台的培训管理体系和长效完备的学习支撑体系,为高校大型仪器开放共享与人才培养体系建设提供了新思路。

Large Scale Fundamental Interactions in the Universe

The author of this paper once attempted to propose a unified framework for gauge fields based on the mathematical and physical picture of the principal fiber bundle: that is, to believe that our universe may have more fundamental interactions than the four, and these fundamental gauge fields are only components on the bottom manifold (i.e. our universe) projected by a unified gauge potential of the principal fiber bundle manifold;these components can satisfy the transformation of gauge potential, or even be transformed from one basic interaction gauge potential to another basic interaction gauge potential, and can be summarized into a unified equation, namely the generalized gauge equation expression, corresponding to gauge transformation invariance;so the invariance of gauge transformation is a necessary condition for unified field theory, and the four (or more) fundamental interaction fields of the universe are unified in a unified gauge field defined by the connection on the principal fiber bundle. In this paper, the author continues to propose a model of large-scale (gravitational) fundamental interactions in the universe based on the mathematical and physical picture of the principal fiber bundle, attempting to explain that dark matter and dark energy are merely reflections of these gravitational fundamental interactions that deviate in intensity from the gravitational fundamental interactions of the solar system at galaxy scales or some cosmic scales which are much larger than the solar system. All these “gravitational” fundamental interactions originate from the unified gauge field of the universe, namely the connection or curvature on the principal fiber bundle. These interactions are their projected representations on the bottom manifold (i.e. our universe) by different cross-sections (gauge transformations). These projection representations of the universe certainly are described by the generalized gauge equation or curvature similarity equation, and under the guidance of curvature gauge transformation factors, oscillate and evolve between the curvatures 1→0→-1→0→1 of the universe.

我国地方高校转型发展政策研究——138份中央与省级政策文本的分析

本研究基于138份政策文本,构建“政策工具政策内容要素”二维分析框架,考察地方高校转型政策工具的组合方式和不同政策内容要素的受重视程度。研究发现,转型政策过于依赖能力建设性政策工具,政策工具组合方式有待优化;政策内容呈现碎片化倾向,政策之间尚未形成发展合力;政策内容要素与政策工具的适配性不足,政策制定的科学性有待提升。基于此,我国应以新一轮审核评估为参照,提高应用型高校建设政策与评估政策的协同效应;出台高水平应用型高校支持计划,发挥政策示范效应;加强高校分类研究与设计,建设高质量应用型高等教育。

大型仪器开放共享机制探索与实践--以江苏师范大学为例

本文以江苏师范大学在大型仪器设备使用和管理方面存在的问题为切入点,从大型仪器设备信息化开放共享平台建设、管理制度和管理团队的完善、实验技术队伍建设和开放共享激励制度方面阐述了学校在大型仪器共享建设过程中的探索和实践。通过对平台运行效果的总结和分析,以期为其他高校大型仪器设备信息化开放共享平台建设提供经验借鉴。

跨校区办学模式下科研仪器开放共享探索与实践

科研条件建设,尤其是大型科研仪器设备的装备与运行,是高校开展学科建设和科研创新的重要支持条件。在跨校区办学模式下,仪器设备的管理机制、技术开发与交流、技术管理人力等因素等均是直接影响高校大型仪器设备平台开放共享效率的关键因素。该文总结探讨了高校多个校区间大型仪器设备论证验收流程、信息互联建设、分级管理模式和多元化考核等开放共享机制,为跨校区办学的高校科研条件平台管理提供借鉴与参考。

医学院校实验室仪器设备管理要点解析

医学院校的实验室仪器设备管理是维护教育和科研质量的重要环节。旨在深入研究医学院校实验室仪器设备管理的关键要点。首先,强调了医学院校实验室仪器设备管理的必要性。其次,探讨了医学院校实验室仪器设备管理存在的问题。最后,分析了医学院校实验室仪器设备管理要点,包括提高重视程度、加强管理培训、完善相关制度、构建信息化管理平台等。通过理解和实施这些关键要点,医学院校可以提高实验室设备的有效管理,支持卓越的教育和科研工作,以及培养未来医学领域的专业人才。

西南联大精神融入仪器专业课程思政建设探究

西南联合大学“刚毅坚卓”的校训精神孕育了一大批为国家振兴奋斗终生的顶尖人才,是我国教育史上的“珠峰”。当今在人工智能引领的新一轮科技和产业革命浪潮推动下,国家发展新兴战略产业急需大批的仪器人才。面向这一需求,北京信息科技大学“测控仪器设计”课程教学团队将西南联大精神融入课程教学,通过重构教学内容、创新教学方法、建设典型案例库、开展教学探索实践与效果评价,将课程思政与专业知识教学有机结合起来,培养学生仪器报国的精神素养和价值追求。

高校院级平台大型仪器设备年度使用报告的建立及作用研究

大型仪器设备缺少精细化管理以及开放共享不足一直是各高校设备管理中存在的主要问题。为了解决以上问题,通过对学校的分析测试共享平台网络大数据进行统计、归类、分析和总结,建立院级平台各仪器设备的年度使用报告。年度使用报告的建立以每台设备为核心,通过对设备的年度使用情况、每月的使用机时、用户使用情况、维修情况、人才培养、科研成果等进行全面的分析,可及时发现仪器设备在管理流程中的漏洞,制定纠正措施,有助于构建精确的管理流程和策略,提升管理水平,促进仪器开放共享。