On Evaluating University Teachers’ Morality and Ethics in the New Era

University teachers play an important role in promoting moral and political education among university students.Regular and long-term construction of teachers’morality and ethics will contribute to the success of the fundamental task of cultivating talents.The present study proposes that due to the multiple identities of university teachers,it is necessary to evaluate the construction of teachers’morality and ethics in terms of what to evaluate and how to evaluate?It is expected that the attempt will provide useful guidance for the construction of university teachers’morality and ethics.

Teachers’Perception for Evaluation of the Primary School Students With Final Grade

The most difficult and delicate part of the learning process is assessment.Assessment is difficult because during his/her accomplishment the teacher has to consider not only the acquisition of knowledge from students,but also the overall degree of development of their competencies.It is delicate,because through assessment we can influence the emotional side of students and their“willingness”to learn.Despite these facts,teachers need to evaluate students during the learning process.The purpose of the research is to find out what is the perception of teachers about the level of evaluation of students with final grade.The overall results showed that 89%of teachers agree,9%of them have a neutral attitude,and 2%do not agree that the evaluation of students with a final grade is done taking into account many aspects and using many methods,the overall average of the results,M=4.36.Based on the empirical results,it was found that teachers who have completed assessment training have a more positive approach to student assessment,as the average score is higher than teachers who have not completed assessment training.From the qualitative results it was understood that the Teachers did not encounter any difficulties during the assessment of the students.

Study on the Spirits of University Teachers

The paper intends to study the formation of the spirit of independence, curiosity, innovation and benevolence which the university teachers in Medieval Europe had under the specific social and historical conditions. Based on this, by contrast the current crisis of spirits of medieval university teachers in modem society, the paper also analyzes the reasons and tries to find out the mechanism to cultivate the spirit of the university teachers in modem society.

Based on the Construction of University Library and the Evaluation of Space Service Quality

In order to strengthen the construction of university library,promote the sustainable development of university library,and provide a good library space environment for university students,this paper expounds the quality evaluation of university library by establishing the evaluation index of space service quality,and puts forward the ways to improve the service quality of University Library for reference.

Empirical Analysis of Evaluation of English Teachers＇ Educational Ability Under MOOC Environment

In order to improve the English teachers＇ education ability evaluation accuracy, promote the upgrading of the level of English teacher education, the evaluation model of English teacher education ability is proposed in MOOC environment. Data fusion model of English teacher education ability evaluation index is obtained based on big data analysis method, data clustering analysis of English teaching evaluation indicators is carried out, Characteristic data of English Teaching are extracted, and combining fuzzy C means algorithm to analyze the characteristics of English teachers＇ educational ability in MOOC environment, adaptive mining evaluation of English teachers＇ educational ability is realized. Then we develop and design the evaluation system of English teacher education ability under the MOOC environment. The empirical data analysis is taken, and results show that it has good accuracy by using this method for evaluation of English teacher＇s ability, it improves the comprehensive evaluation level of English teachers.

Pressure Solution and Happiness Promotion in Young University Teachers based on EAP

This paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of young teachers in ten universities in Shaanxi via questionnaire survey and random interview. It is shown that the main source of pressure include the following aspects ： heavy burden of education and research, high-pressure in economy and life, high expectations of personal development, lack of physical exercise, mechanization of college evaluation system. On the basis of the above analysis, this paper puts forward the specific EAP model which is suitable to young teachers in NWPU Furtherly, the program impact assessment method is constructed to ensure the effective implementation of the program

Selection and Evaluation of Road Landscape Trees in Binzhou University

Several quantitative and qualitative indexes were selected for road landscaping in universities, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to construct an evaluation system for the selection of road landscaping trees for universities. Such an evaluation system was also used to objectively and comprehensively appraise present ornamental tree species in Binzhou University, and select species fit for its road landscaping, plant furnishings in Binzhou University were also analyzed.

Japanese University Teachers’ Depression Status and Its Influence Factors

Risk factors of the depression are the occupational stress. The mental health condition of university teachers who participate in the socialization of diverse students is an important issue;however, there are few studies on depression among university teachers. The purpose of this study is to clarify Japanese university teachers’ depression status assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and its influence factors: Japanese university teachers’ depression status depression status, personal background, job situation, social support, and stress coping behavior. The self-administered questionnaire survey was mailed to 924 university teachers in Japan, with a survey return rate of 43.8% (N = 405). A total of 342 surveys were completed and valid. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Japanese version of the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) and the Work Situation Questionnaire (WSQ) were analyzed to clarify the depression status and its influence factors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to examine factors related to the major depression. The subjects included 274 men (80.1%) and 68 women (19.9%), 105 professors (30.7%), 52 associate professors (15.2%), 53 lecturers (15.5%) and 132 assistants (38.6%). The subjects’ mean of age and teaching experiences were 44.1 ± 9.7 years, 15.6 ± 10.1 years. The mean PHQ score was 3.9 ± 4.1, and 307 subjects (89.8%) were 0 - 9 points and 35 subjects (10.2%) were over 10 points (10 points or over). For women [OR = 7.009, 95% CI 2.387 - 20.584;p < 0.001], religion [OR = 1.813, 95% CI 1.175 - 2.798;p = 0.007], self-blame [OR = 1.808, 95% CI 1.280 - 2.556;p = 0.001], substance use [OR = 1.453, 95% CI 1.103 - 1.913;p = 0.008] were risk factors of depression status. On the other hand, high job satisfaction level [OR = 0.945, 95% CI 0.921 - 0.969;p < 0.001], higher age [OR = 0.927, 95% CI 0.873 - 0.984;p =0.014], use of instrumental support [OR = 0.622, 95% CI 0.399 - 0.969;p = 0.036], and use of social support [OR = 0.588, 95% CI 0.376 - 0.921;p = 0.020] were factors that reduced the risk of depression. These findings suggested that in order to improve the depression status of university teachers, and to develop mental health measures for university faculty members based on such risk factors are necessary in the future.

Reaching for the Gold Standard: Metaphors and Good University Teachers

This article considers "good" teachers in the context of current developments in universities in China to reach a "gold standard" of considerably higher and more challenging levels of teaching and learning. We outline this context and consider concepts of good teachers in classical Chinese traditions and more recent Western thinking as a possible dialogue within and between cultures of learning. Using cognitive and cultural linguistic perspectives, we analyze metaphorical concepts of "gold" in "the gold standard" as related to teachers. We report our applied metaphor research which analyzes Chinese students’ expectations, values and beliefs about good university language teachers;this presents a rich picture beyond developing knowledge, skills and understanding to include strong social and moral characteristics. Other aspects which recognize the complexity of "good" teachers show a student appreciation of teachers’ tireless effort, devotion and selfless sacrifice: these aspects are absent in many discussions of good teachers. The participant-centered picture from elicited metaphor analysis is part of students’ "cultures of learning," but this should be developed culturally for the gold standard through further teacher development and student engagement. In line with interaction in cultures of learning, we indicate some classroom ways to extend students’ thinking through scaffolding teacher-student interaction based on textbook activities.

Proposal and Evaluation of the Competency Model of the Teacher at the University Department

Performance supported by competencies is very important for every organization.Employees play the key role in the achieving of the performance.Organizations are aware of the importance of improving competencies of its employees.They develop them by organizing training courses.Modern trends in human resources management progressively press for more and more complex assessment of employees based on the networking performance model with the competency model.Nor is it otherwise in the field of higher education.Universities evolve pressure to increase especially the scientific performance.Therefore it is necessary to develop the teacher’s competences.The goal of this article is to create a competency model of the teacher at the department by using multi-criteria decision making method—analytic hierarchy process(AHP)—to determine the weight of individual competencies represented in this model.The competency model can play an important role in evaluating the work of employees and significantly contribute to the objectification of rewarding system and human resources management at the department.

Student Evaluations as Effective Indicators of Learning Outcomes:Evidence from Japanese University Students in English Language Courses

The term"student learning outcomes"refers to the knowledge, skills, and abilitiesthat students achieve during a course, and is typically assessed based on student evaluations conducted at the end of the semester. Previous studies in this area have investigated the effects of instructional quality and academic demands separately and have been limited primarily to examining findings using student samples fromthe United States. With Japanese college students' perceptions of self-improvementin English language courses as the dependent variable, the present study directly tests the hypothesis that students who perceive instructional quality to be higher, andcourse demands to be greater, also estimate higher levels of self-improvement in English language skills. The analysis provides strong support for this hypothesis.Higher ratings of instruction and academic demands have already beenshown to increase levels of student learning(Greimel-Fuhrmann and Geyer 2003;Nois and Hudson 2006; Mc Fadden and Dart 1992). The present study is the first toprovide direct evidence of the relative importance of student evaluations ofinstructional quality and academic demands as predictors of student learning and thefirst ever to do so with a sample of Japanese college students enrolled in a required English as a foreign language course. Our hypothesis is that Japanese students whoperceive instructional quality to be higher, and course demands to be greater,estimate higher levels of self-improvement in English language skills. Thus we test Japanese students' attitudes toward instructional quality and course demands asindependent variables predicting their perceptions of self-improvement in English language courses. The research focuses on Japanese students' improvement in English language skills because English education in Japan is an arena in which thedebate over limited English proficiency rages on, and because other research suggests reconsideration of English education in light of the demands of the rapidly expanding global era(Amaki 2008).

Occupational stress and its related factors among university teachers in Japan

The purpose of this research was to investigate occupational stress and its related factors among university teachers in Japan. Questionnaire surveys were mailed to 924 university teachers in Japan with a response rate of 43.8%, N = 405. The General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28), Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), short Japanese version of brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced (COPE) and the Work Situation Questionnaires (WSQ) developed by the authors were administered to participants. Results indicated that university teachers had some mental health problems in relation to gender, professional position, conditions of taking paid leave, job satisfaction, job control, social support, and coping skills. These findings provide evidence that in order to improve the mental health of university, teachers need to take their paid leave freely. It is important to keep high their job satisfaction levels, job control levels, and social support. The results also indicated that the ineffective coping styles lead to poor mental health. In addition, the findings identified the necessity for support of female teachers and younger lecturers, who had a greater tendency toward poor mental health.

Self Evaluation in Department of Communicable Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences

Introduction: Self evaluation is a process that defines and collects required data to judge about decision making issues at educational system on whether the educational department is fit to educate students? The objective of this study was determining the quality of the structural elements of the department of Communicable Diseases & determining the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to improve the quality of activities in the department under research. Materials and Methods: The employed method was Mixed methods (qualitative & quantitative research), on the basis of 10 procedural steps and within 8 sections dealing with evaluated factors;such as 1) organizational and management structure 2) scientific board members 3) students 4) Manpower 5) Space of educational research and health care 6) Equipment 7) curriculum 8) satisfaction of graduates, which were studied using 61 criteria and 172 indicators. Five-point Likert Scale was used for the responses in the questionnaire (1 - 1.75 = undesirable, to 4.2 - 5 completely desirable). Finally the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics indices and the assessment software of the Educational Development Center of TUMS. The instruments used in this method included assessment software, interview, observation and self-prepared questionnaire which consisted of 7 questionnaires and 2 check lists. Finding: The results of the research showed that general average of 8 investigating sections was 56.9% as a rather desirable research work. Conclusions: Therefore, it was concluded that function of the educational management in that group was directly in line with evaluation process, but continuing the process of evaluation seems necessary.

A Survey on the Evaluation Literacy of College English Teachers Under the Online Teaching Mode

Under the online teaching model,the evaluation literacy of college English teachers has become one of the critical factors affecting students’learning effects[1].This study uses a self-compiled questionnaire to investigate the current status of evaluation literacy of college English teachers under the online teaching model from four aspects:evaluation awareness,evaluation knowledge,evaluation ability,and evaluation ethics.The results show that college English teachers’overall evaluation literacy level is relatively high,but there are areas for improvement.Based on the survey results,suggestions are put forward to improve teachers’evaluation literacy,such as changing teaching concepts and increasing self-reflection;strengthening training and learning to enhance professional development awareness;conducting cooperative research and emphasizing team strengths.

Reflection on Classroom Teaching Innovation Triggered by Non-Engfish Majors＇ Evaluation on Chinese and Foreign Instructor＇s Pedagogies

Non-English majors＇ evaluation on teachers is a vital way to get feedback of English language classroom teaching and learning. This paper reports on a study which used a discourse-analytic approach to look into the existing problems in English classroom teaching at undergraduates＇ level. The ways of searching solutions for the problems are also discussed.

Group Performance Evaluation in Universities with Entropy Method

Due to the characteristics of variable quantity and great individual difference in group evaluation,an effective entropy-based method for group performance evaluation was proposed. First,a group evaluation indexing system was built upon the real scenarios of universities. Then, a continuous ordered weighted operator was introduced to eliminate uncertainty evaluation information. By using an entropy strategy,a systematic approach to group performance evaluation was established. Finally, an illustrative example was provided,showing the practicability of the proposed methods in real applications of the efficient performance appraisal theory of colleges and universities.

Factor value determination and applicability evaluation of universal soil loss equation in granite gneiss region

Six types of runoff plots were set up and an experimental study was carried out to examine natural rate of soil and water loss in the granite gneiss region of northern Jiangsu Province in China. Through correlation analysis of runoff and soil loss during 364 rainfall events, a simplified and convenient mathematical formula suitable for calculating the rainfall erosivity factor （R） for the local region was established. Other factors of the universal soil loss equation （USLE model） were also determined. Relative error analysis of the soil loss of various plots calculated by the USLE model on the basis of the observed values showed that the relative error ranged from -3.5% to 9.9% and the confidence level was more than 90%. In addition, the relative error was 5.64% for the terraced field and 12.36% for the sloping field in the practical application. Thus, the confidence level was above 87.64%. These results provide a scientific basis for forecasting and monitoring soil and water loss, for comprehensive management of small watersheds, and for soil and water conservation planning in the region.

Universal Index Formula of Parameterized Combination Operator for Eco-environmental Quality Evaluation

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate the regional eco-environmental quality by using the universal index formula of parameterization combination operator based normalized index values.[Method] Through setting reference values and normalized transformation formulae for typical ecological environmental indexes appropriately,the difference among the standard normalized values would become very small after normalized transformation,and the ecological environmental indices expressed by normalized values can be equivalent to normalized indices.Under certain optimization conditions,shuffled frog leaping based on immune evolutionary particle swarm optimization algorithm was applied to optimize the parameters in parameterization combination operator formula,and the universal index formula suited to eco-environmental quality assessment was established finally.[Result] The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,appropriate for any m(1≤m≤23) ecological environmental indices,was used to assess the eco-environmental quality of towns surrounding Headland Reservoir,and the results were in full accordance with those of unascertained measure method,that is,the eco-environmental quality of five towns around Headland Reservoir was the fourth grade.[Conclusion]The universal index formula of parameterization combination operator,suited to eco-environmental quality evaluation,is simple and intuitive in form,easy in computation and universal in application.

Performance evaluation of best universities in China's Mainland based on ESI

The research performance of top universities in China is revealed in this study and analyzed using the essential science indicators(ESI) database.Different types of bibliometric indicators are applied in this study,including publication output and impact indicators.This study finds that the academic performance of universities in China is advancing rapidly,with many universities coming out near the top of the rankings,especially in terms of quantity of papers.The quantitative performance of universities in China is remarkable.The research results show that there is a considerable gap between quality and quantity of research output at the top universities of China,with research influence concentrated on some specific fields for selected universities.Engineering,Chemistry and Material Science are the fields with relatively outstanding performance in the top universities.

One-Dimensionality, Reliability, Distribution, and Correlates of the Brief Interactive Optimism Scale among University Teachers

The Brief Interactive Optimism Scale (BIOS-G), recently published, was developed to measure optimism based on the interactive personality styles theory in the general population of Mexican adults. It has been validated in both the general population in Mexico and other Latin American countries. This study aims to further consolidate the validity of the BIOS-G in a specific population. The objectives are to assess the psychometric properties of its items, validate its unidimensional structure, describe its distribution, verify its internal consistency, and examine its direct relationship with affective balance and positive affect, as well as its inverse relationship with emotional exhaustion and negative affect among Mexican university teachers. The BIOS-G, the CESQT emotional exhaustion subscale, and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) were administered to a non-probability sample of 213 Mexican university teachers. All items demonstrated discriminative power and internal consistency. The scale showed internal consistency (Green-Yang ordinal ω = 0.74 and McDonald ordinal ω = 0.88). The one-factor model presented good to acceptable fit to the data, with an average variance extracted of 0.65. Its distribution was negatively skewed and mesokurtic. The BIOS-G correlated directly with SPANE’s affective balance and positive emotional experiences and inversely with negative emotional experiences and emotional exhaustion, with moderate strengths of association. Its mean score was higher in men than in women and correlated positively with age. It is concluded that the BIOS-G demonstrates internal consistency and validity evidence among Mexican university teachers, and its use in this specific population is recommended.