A method to interpret fracture aperture of rock slope using adaptive shape and unmanned aerial vehicle multi-angle nap-of-the-object photogrammetry

The aperture of natural rock fractures significantly affects the deformation and strength properties of rock masses,as well as the hydrodynamic properties of fractured rock masses.The conventional measurement methods are inadequate for collecting data on high-steep rock slopes in complex mountainous regions.This study establishes a high-resolution three-dimensional model of a rock slope using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multi-angle nap-of-the-object photogrammetry to obtain edge feature points of fractures.Fracture opening morphology is characterized using coordinate projection and transformation.Fracture central axis is determined using vertical measuring lines,allowing for the interpretation of aperture of adaptive fracture shape.The feasibility and reliability of the new method are verified at a construction site of a railway in southeast Tibet,China.The study shows that the fracture aperture has a significant interval effect and size effect.The optimal sampling length for fractures is approximately 0.5e1 m,and the optimal aperture interpretation results can be achieved when the measuring line spacing is 1%of the sampling length.Tensile fractures in the study area generally have larger apertures than shear fractures,and their tendency to increase with slope height is also greater than that of shear fractures.The aperture of tensile fractures is generally positively correlated with their trace length,while the correlation between the aperture of shear fractures and their trace length appears to be weak.Fractures of different orientations exhibit certain differences in their distribution of aperture,but generally follow the forms of normal,log-normal,and gamma distributions.This study provides essential data support for rock and slope stability evaluation,which is of significant practical importance.

High Spatial Resolution Mapping of Dykes Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV) Photogrammetry: New Insights On Emplacement Processes

Remote sensing has played a pivotal role in our understanding of the geometry of dykes and dyke swarms on Earth,Venus and Mars(West and Ernst,1991;Mege and Masson,1995;Ernst et al.,2005).Since the 1970’s

3D modeling of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Tilt Photogrammetry

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAV)tilt photogrammetry technology can quickly acquire image data in a short time.This technology has been widely used in all walks of life with the rapid development in recent years especially in the rapid acquisition of high-resolution remote sensing images,because of its advantages of high efficiency,reliability,low cost and high precision.Fully using the UAV tilt photogrammetry technology,the construction image progress can be observed by stages,and the construction site can be reasonably and optimally arranged through three-dimensional modeling to create a civilized,safe and tidy construction environment.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Control of Major Sugarcane Diseases and Pests in Low Latitude Plateau

This research was aimed at the defects in traditional artificial spraying control method and the problems such as the difficulty in pesticides applying,labor shortage and low operating efficiency in the middle and late stage of sugarcane high stalk crops.The aerial pesticide application technology for sugarcane main diseases and pests was systematically developed and demonstrated from the aspects of aircraft type choice,selection of special pesticides and auxiliaries,integration of pesticides and equipment,field operation,technical specifications,and large-scale application organization mode.The UAV model and flight technical parameters suitable for the sugarcane planting area in low-latitude plateau were analyzed,and the optimal agent formulation combination and application technology of the UAV flight control were screened out,and the UAV flight control was applied to the major sugarcane pests and diseases control in the low-latitude plateau in large scale(UAV flight control was popularized and applied to 15 527 hm 2 in 2018).The research results provided mature whole-process technical support for the normalization of the application of the UVA flight control of major sugarcane pests and diseases.The UAV control technology for major sugarcane pests and diseases had the advantages of ultra-low pesticides applying dosage and high operating efficiency,and could effectively solve the problems such as the difficulty in pesticides applying,labor shortage and low operating efficiency in the middle late growth stage of high stalk crops.This technology successfully opened up a simple,efficient and new way for the effective control of major sugarcane pests and diseases,and practically accelerated the process of integrated control and prevention of sugarcane pests and diseases.In addition,this technology had an extremely significant effect on reducing the loss of sugarcane farmers and enterprises caused by the epidemic and outbreak of sugarcane pests and diseases,increasing sugarcane yield and sugar content.At the same time,this technology played an important role in realizing the whole-process precise control of sugarcane pests and diseases,improving the quality and increasing the efficiency of sugarcane,and guaranteeing the national sugar safety.

Unmanned aerial vehicle based intelligent triage system in mass-casualty incidents using 5G and artificial intelligence

BACKGROUND:Rapid on-site triage is critical after mass-casualty incidents(MCIs)and other mass injury events.Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)have been used in MCIs to search and rescue wounded individuals,but they mainly depend on the UAV operator’s experience.We used UAVs and artificial intelligence(AI)to provide a new technique for the triage of MCIs and more efficient solutions for emergency rescue.METHODS:This was a preliminary experimental study.We developed an intelligent triage system based on two AI algorithms,namely OpenPose and YOLO.Volunteers were recruited to simulate the MCI scene and triage,combined with UAV and Fifth Generation(5G)Mobile Communication Technology real-time transmission technique,to achieve triage in the simulated MCI scene.RESULTS:Seven postures were designed and recognized to achieve brief but meaningful triage in MCIs.Eight volunteers participated in the MCI simulation scenario.The results of simulation scenarios showed that the proposed method was feasible in tasks of triage for MCIs.CONCLUSION:The proposed technique may provide an alternative technique for the triage of MCIs and is an innovative method in emergency rescue.

Research on Vegetation Coverage Status of Urban-rural Fringe in Guizhou Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Unmanned aerial vehicle technology was used to survey the vegetation coverage of typical urban-rural fringe, and descriptive statistics and geostatistical methods were used to analyze the urban-rural fringe of spatial heterogeneity of vegetation coverage. The results showed that vegetation coverage in the study area was 27.2176% with the coefficient of variation of 31.7786%; that the vegetation coverage in separation distance of 〈0.18＇ showed positive spatial correlation, and the spatial correlation of vegetation coverage in separation distance of 〈0.18＇ was greater than that in 〉0.18＇; that the best fitting model for Semivariance function was exponential model with spatial variation ratio 0.726, which showed strong spatial correlation, and the spatial correlated scale was 0.18＇; that the vegetation coverage data in the study area was relatively stable, and the instability mainly occurred on the border of the study area and the surroundings.

面向应用场景的前沿技术识别方法

[研究目的]场景驱动创新是引领产业结构升级的关键路径,如何基于不同场景识别前沿技术成为推动新质生产力发展的重要议题。[研究方法]提出了一种面向应用场景的前沿技术识别方法。首先以专利、论文为数据源,基于前瞻性、先导性、探索性、颠覆性指标体系初步筛选前沿技术主题;其次以科技报告为数据源,基于技术-关系-技术(Technology-Relationship-Technology,TRT)结构的语义分析,分析技术应用场景;最后,构建专利、论文数据与科技报告的相似性矩阵,建立技术与场景识别结果的关联,据此进一步筛选前沿技术主题,并结合专家知识,识别出面向应用场景的前沿技术主题,提供了场景驱动实践探索的新方法。[研究结果/结论]以无人机目标识别与跟踪领域为例进行实证研究,在面向情报、监视与侦察(Intelligence,Surveillance,and Reconnaissance,ISR)、物资运输、医疗补给等14个应用场景的前沿技术识别结果显示,目标识别与跟踪算法设计、视觉系统与图像处理技术、任务规划技术、无线通信技术4项技术为该领域的前沿技术,验证了该识别方法的可行性与有效性。

无人机应用专业虚拟实训平台建设与应用研究

在数字教育视域下,无人机应用专业虚拟实训平台的建设与应用研究是当前教育领域的重要课题。结合教学实践,针对无人机应用专业在实训教学过程中的“三高三难”痛点、难点问题,利用计算机技术和强大的工业软件系统构建了虚拟实训平台,形成了提升无人机应用专业教育质量和效果的创新教学模式。实践表明,这一创新教学模式能够有效提升学生的实践能力和创新意识,提升教学效果,可为数字教育背景下无人机应用专业教育的发展提供有益借鉴。

无人机遥感技术在生态安全监测与评价中的应用研究

近年来,为了维持生态系统服务的可持续性,无人机遥感技术作为一种新兴的监测手段,在生态安全监测与评价领域得到了广泛关注和应用。探讨无人机遥感技术在生态安全监测与评价中的应用,分析其在数据采集、信息处理、监测评估等方面的优势和挑战,有助于行业人员和相关领域研究者更深入地理解该技术的应用潜力和发展方向。

不同针阔叶树蒸腾耗水特性及单位面积耗水量估算

为探究针阔叶树种单木蒸腾耗水规律,以河北省雄安新区主要造林树种针叶树油松和阔叶树楸树作为研究对象,运用热扩散式探针法(TDP)对油松(Pinus tabuliformis)、楸树(Catalpa bungei)的树干液流速率进行监测,并调查样木的冠幅、胸径、冠高和冠幅投影面积等林木因子,分析林木耗水量与林木因子的相关性,将实测的林木因子与耗水量拟合,建立不同林木因子与林木耗水量方程。结果表明:(1)不同冠幅投影面积的油松和楸树的液流速率及耗水日变化过程均呈昼高夜低的单峰型曲线;两个树种整体表现为冠幅投影面积越大,液流速率和耗水量越高,楸树的时均耗水量和日累计耗水量均高于油松。(2)两个树种的耗水量均与冠幅投影面积、冠幅、胸径呈极显著正相关关系(P<0.01);冠幅投影面积与日累计耗水量具有较高的相关性与较好的拟合效果,两树种的日累计耗水与冠幅投影面积的相关系数分别为0.773、0.901,确定系数(R~2)分别为0.596、0.811;油松和楸树平均单位冠幅投影面积日累计耗水量分别为0.290 6、0.302 3 kg·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。

地名地址数据采集中的关键难点与解决措施探讨

地名地址数据作为最常用的基础公共信息资源,其准确性在智慧城市项目的建设中尤为重要。目前,地名地址基础数据存在收集困难、采集效率低、数据质量差、采集效果不理想等问题,针对以上问题,该文提出使用高精度POS的航摄无人机航测技术,高效地解决了工作底图的收集、图纸现势性和位置精度的问题;利用手持移动终端实现了影像快速采集,避免了纸张打印的浪费;同时使用C#图形化编程软件自动化识别影像文字,提高了录入地名地址点名称属性的效率并保证了准确性。研究结果可以为以后的地名地址数据采集提供参考。

无人机三维测绘关键技术及其应用研究

无人机测绘遥感是将无人机技术应用于测绘遥感领域而产生的新方向,是新型测绘遥感技术与航空平台技术、信息技术、传感器技术的高度集成。无人机凭借高效、精确、灵活等特点,已经在军事、民用领域展示出重要价值。它主要是通过搭载各种传感器、相机的方式实现地表三维信息的有效获取,为城市规划、国土利用、资源管理等工作提供重要支持。因此,对无人机技术进行简要概述,重点分析无人机三维测绘的关键技术及其应用,旨在为相关实践提供一定指导。

倾斜摄影测量技术在地籍测绘中的应用研究

近年来,随着城市化进程的加速和地籍信息需求的增长,以往的地籍测绘方法已经无法满足高效和精确的现代化需求。通过使用倾斜摄影测量技术,能够高效采集和处理各种数据,为地籍测绘领域带来创新的解决方案。对此,首先介绍了倾斜摄影测量技术特点,其次阐述了倾斜摄影测量的关键技术,最后分析了倾斜摄影测量技术在地籍测绘中的应用实例。

无人机测绘技术在土石方量算中的应用

土石方作为工程建设的基础工程,进行准确的土石方量算对于工程至关重要,针对传统测量方式工作量大、效率低、难度高的问题,提出利用无人机倾斜摄影三维模型及数字表面模型进行土石方算量。通过工程验证,该方法可大大提高土石方算量的效率,其精度也有可靠保证,具有广泛的应用前景。

运用无人机提升海事监管效能及搜救应急能力研究

通过分析无人机的技术优势和实际应用案例,发现无人机在提高海事监管效率和增强搜救应急响应方面具有显著潜力。将无人机技术应用于通航环境监控、违法行为取证、危险品监管和应急处置等多个方面,不仅提高了监管效率,还增强了应对复杂海况和有毒气体环境的能力。探讨了漳州辖区在监管和搜救领域的需求,以及面临的挑战,并提出了相应的解决方案。

Application of MR Technology in Teaching:A Case Study of UAV Agriculture&Forestry Plant Protection Curriculum

In order to solve the problems of insufficient training equipment,relatively lack of curriculum resources and single teaching means in the teaching of UAV(unmanned aerial vehicle)applied technology major,this paper studies the application of MR(Mixed Reality)in UAV applied technology major teaching,with the teaching of UAV agriculture&forestry plant protection curriculum as the carrier.The study will solve the pain points in teaching,improve the teaching ability and teaching information level,and increase the talent training quality of UAV,agriculture&forestry plant protection and related majors.Furthermore,it will create a protective,interactive,remote and scalable teaching experience for stu-dents,which can improve the teaching effect and reduce the teaching cost.

无人机倾斜摄影测量在采空塌陷区生态综合治理中的应用

针对郭家湾煤矿51101工作面采空塌陷区生态综合治理问题,利用无人机搭载五镜头倾斜相机获取航摄影像,经过内业处理、三维建模获得实景三维模型。通过对像控点和三维模型精度分析,证明无人机倾斜摄影测量完全满足煤矿治理大比例尺地形图测图要求。依托实景三维模型和生成的高精度DLG数据成果,可帮助设计人员准确高效地提出相应采空塌陷区生态治理方式,大大提高了塌陷治理以及土地复垦工作的针对性和工作效率,为后期项目验收提供了准确可信的技术支撑和成果验证,最终有效解决了治理区地表变形和生态破坏问题。

我国低空经济的技术经济范式分析与发展对策

低空经济作为我国战略性新兴产业,具有典型的新质生产力特征。从低空经济的发展看,其符合技术经济范式的一般特征。低空经济发展遵循包含驱动力、新结构与新形态、价值创造活动、价值创造结果四要素的范式。目前,我国低空经济发展总体处于起步阶段,政策风口效应明显,发展前景广阔。依照技术经济范式,从驱动力看,我国正在逐步构建低空技术牵引、低空基础设施保障、低空经济政策助推的驱动力体系;从新结构与新形态看,我国低空经济已经广泛融入农业生产、观光旅游、物流配送、环境监测、应急救援等领域,在信息维度、能量维度、情绪维度的价值不断显现,同时部分城市依托低空经济产业链走出低空经济特色发展之路;从价值创造活动看,我国在低空飞行器制造、低空服务、低空运营维保等领域涌现出一批代表性企业,低空经济的场景和规模不断扩充,价值创造活动前景广阔;从价值创造结果看,近年来我国低空经济规模保持较快增长,在直接带动经济增长的同时展现出降低成本、提高效率、促进就业等社会效益。总体而言,发展低空经济是一项系统工程。尽管我国通用航空发展为低空经济奠定了基础,但与发达国家相比,我国低空经济发展仍然存在诸多不足,顶层设计亟待加强,体制机制有待理顺,技术创新有待加强,场景拓展有待加快,综合成本有待下降,行业保障有待提升。因此,应制定战略规划,统筹低空经济发展,优化低空空域管理,加大财政金融支持,推动低空经济产业链协同发展,加快技术创新与人才队伍建设,加强低空经济基础设施和法规标准体系建设以及安全保障。

不同海况条件下舰载无人机着舰安全分析

针对无人机上舰的使用需求,本文对舰载无人机着舰开展了系统的研究。建立了机-舰-环境综合模型和舰载无人机全自动着舰引导控制系统;基于建立的舰载无人机着舰综合模型对不同海况下的着舰过程进行仿真分析,研究不同海况条件以及航母不同航速和遭遇角对着舰安全的影响。仿真研究表明:在复杂海况下,航母可通过适当提高航速以获得更高的着舰成功率,但过高的航速会导致舰尾流扰动加剧,使得着舰成功率显著下降;通过对仿真结果进行统计分析,给出了不同海况下的着舰安全范围,为无人机着舰辅助决策提供参考。

基于无人机摄影测量的矿区地形三维重建及精度分析

矿区地形三维重建对于矿区地形分析及安全生产具有重要意义。针对传统重建方式存在效率低、数据更新速度慢、成本高等问题,提出了一种基于无人机摄影测量技术的矿区地形三维重建方法。该方法使用无人机进行低空拍摄,利用SIFT特征点匹配算法得到一系列匹配点,利用特征提取、空三测量、多视影像密集匹配技术,生成不规则三角网格和纹理映射,实现对矿区地形三维模型的自动重建。试验结果表明:在足够数量和合理选取地面控制点的情况下,所提方法可以获得较高精度的矿区地形三维重建结果;三维模型重建可以全面呈现矿区地形整体形态和局部细节特征,同时具有高效和低成本等优点。所提方法可为矿区环境保护及相关分析提供更准确、高效、可靠的地形信息数据源和技术支持。