With the aid of soil column test models,the transport rules of fluorine contaminants in unsaturated stratified soils are discussed. Curves of F-concentrations at different times and sites in the unsaturated stratified...With the aid of soil column test models,the transport rules of fluorine contaminants in unsaturated stratified soils are discussed. Curves of F-concentrations at different times and sites in the unsaturated stratified soil were ob-tained under conditions of continuous injection of fluoride contaminants and water. Based on the analysis of the actual observation data,the values between computed results and observed data were compared. It is shown that the chemical properties of fluorine ions are active. The migration process of fluorine ions in soils is complex. Because of the effect of adsorption and desorption,the curve of the fluorine ion breakthrough curve is not symmetric. Its concentration peak value at each measuring point gradually decays. The tail of the breakthrough curve is long and the process of leaching and purifying using water requires considerable time. Along with the release of OHˉ in the process of fluorine absorp-tion,the pH value of the soil solution changed from neutral to alkalinity during the test process. The first part of the breakthrough curve fitted better than the second part. The main reason is that fluorine does not always exist in the form of fluorinions in groundwater. Given the long test time,fluorinions possibly react with other ions in the soil solution to form complex water-soluble fluorine compounds. Only the retardation factor and source-sink term have been considered in our numerical model,which may leads to errors of computed values. But as a whole the migration rules of fluorine ions are basically correct,which indicates that the established numerical model can be used to simulate the transport rules of fluorine contaminants in unsaturated stratified soils.展开更多
基金Project 50239010 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘With the aid of soil column test models,the transport rules of fluorine contaminants in unsaturated stratified soils are discussed. Curves of F-concentrations at different times and sites in the unsaturated stratified soil were ob-tained under conditions of continuous injection of fluoride contaminants and water. Based on the analysis of the actual observation data,the values between computed results and observed data were compared. It is shown that the chemical properties of fluorine ions are active. The migration process of fluorine ions in soils is complex. Because of the effect of adsorption and desorption,the curve of the fluorine ion breakthrough curve is not symmetric. Its concentration peak value at each measuring point gradually decays. The tail of the breakthrough curve is long and the process of leaching and purifying using water requires considerable time. Along with the release of OHˉ in the process of fluorine absorp-tion,the pH value of the soil solution changed from neutral to alkalinity during the test process. The first part of the breakthrough curve fitted better than the second part. The main reason is that fluorine does not always exist in the form of fluorinions in groundwater. Given the long test time,fluorinions possibly react with other ions in the soil solution to form complex water-soluble fluorine compounds. Only the retardation factor and source-sink term have been considered in our numerical model,which may leads to errors of computed values. But as a whole the migration rules of fluorine ions are basically correct,which indicates that the established numerical model can be used to simulate the transport rules of fluorine contaminants in unsaturated stratified soils.
文摘为研究西部寒旱区盐渍土传热传质行为,首先,在无压补给条件下进行非饱和硫酸盐渍土的单向冻结试验;其次,考虑结晶潜热、结晶阻抗及结晶消耗等因素,建立非饱和硫酸盐渍土水-热-盐三场耦合模型;最后,采用COMSOL Multi-physics对耦合模型进行数值模拟,将模拟结果与试验数据进行对比分析.研究结果表明:盐渍土内温度随冻结时长呈三阶段发展,逐步形成上冷下暖的温度梯度;在温度梯度和基质吸力双重驱动下,水、盐向冻结锋位置迁移,冻结锋位置水、盐含量出现峰值,峰值含水率、含盐量相较初始值分别增加2.16%和0.28%;冻结锋沿冻结温度线移动,形成冻结锋面;土柱最大冻结深度约为15.5 cm.
