The hot deformation experiments of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range were carried out in a hot simulator in order to research hot deformation behaviors of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range at low temperatu...The hot deformation experiments of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range were carried out in a hot simulator in order to research hot deformation behaviors of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range at low temperature. The results show that the influences of deformation parameters on flow stress are different to those in austenitic deformation. The deformation characteristic parameters were calculated for ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite region. The flow stress equation for ultra-low carbon steel in ferritic deformation at low temperature was obtained.展开更多
In this paper three controllers for A/O process are developed, including a DO cascade controller, an external carbon flow rate controller and an internal recycling flow rate controller. The objective of the different ...In this paper three controllers for A/O process are developed, including a DO cascade controller, an external carbon flow rate controller and an internal recycling flow rate controller. The objective of the different controllers is to control the nitrate and ammonia concentration. Simulation study demonstrated that these controllers could efficiently control nitrogen removal and meet stricter effluent quality standards at a minimum cost.展开更多
Based on data from ChinaFLUX this study analyzed the daily value flow processes of carbon fixation, monthly value distribution, and daily accumulative processes in a year of two kinds of typical forest, two kinds of g...Based on data from ChinaFLUX this study analyzed the daily value flow processes of carbon fixation, monthly value distribution, and daily accumulative processes in a year of two kinds of typical forest, two kinds of grasses and a farmland. The results showed that the annual value of carbon fixation of these ecosystems was different, and flow processes and cumulative processes followed different trends over a year. The sequence of the five kinds of ecosystems based on the annual value of carbon fixation from largest to smallest was Yucheng warm temperate agriculture ecosystem （Yucheng）, Qianyanzhou subtropical artificial coniferous forest ecosystem （Qianyanzhou）, Changbai Mountain temperate mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest ecosystem （Changbaishan）, Haibei alpine meadow ecosystem （Haibei）and Dangxiong alpine meadow ecosystem （Dangxiong）. Variability in the daily and monthly carbon fixation at Qianyanzhou was the smallest, followed by Changbaishan, Yucheng, Dangxiong and Haibei. The cumulative processes of daily carbon fixation for the five kinds of ecosystems were well fitted to cubic curves.展开更多
Reducing CO_(2)emissions of the iron and steel industry,a typical heavy CO_(2)-emitting sector is the only way that must be passed to achieve the‘dual-carbon’goal,especially in China.In previous studies,however,it i...Reducing CO_(2)emissions of the iron and steel industry,a typical heavy CO_(2)-emitting sector is the only way that must be passed to achieve the‘dual-carbon’goal,especially in China.In previous studies,however,it is still unknown what is the difference between blast furnace basic oxygen furnace(BF-BOF),scrap-electric furnace(scrap-EF)and hydrogen metallurgy process.The quantitative research on the key factors affecting CO_(2)emissions is insufficient There is also a lack of research on the prediction of CO_(2)emissions by adjusting industria structure.Based on material flow analysis,this study establishes carbon flow diagrams o three processes,and then analyze the key factors affecting CO_(2)emissions.CO_(2)emissions of the iron and steel industry in the future is predicted by adjusting industrial structure The results show that:(1)The CO_(2)emissions of BF-BOF,scrap-EF and hydrogen metallurgy process in a site are 1417.26,542.93 and 1166.52 kg,respectively.(2)By increasing pellet ratio in blast furnace,scrap ratio in electric furnace,etc.,can effectively reduce CO_(2)emissions(3)Reducing the crude steel output is the most effective CO_(2)reduction measure.There is still 5.15×10^(8)-6.17×10^(8) tons of CO_(2)that needs to be reduced by additional measures.展开更多
为了研究钢铁行业高炉-转炉长流程中的碳流动过程,根据碳元素平衡原理,绘制了钢铁企业高炉-转炉长流程的物质流动图和碳素流桑基图,并分析其流动特征。通过分析各工艺的CO_(2)排放量和减排潜力,强调在高炉-转炉长流程中减少碳排放的重...为了研究钢铁行业高炉-转炉长流程中的碳流动过程,根据碳元素平衡原理,绘制了钢铁企业高炉-转炉长流程的物质流动图和碳素流桑基图,并分析其流动特征。通过分析各工艺的CO_(2)排放量和减排潜力,强调在高炉-转炉长流程中减少碳排放的重要性。结果显示,高炉-转炉长流程的碳排放强度大约在2 000 kg CO_(2)/t(粗钢)左右波动,其中高炉炼铁工序的碳排放量最大,建议采用氧气高炉、氢能冶炼、余热回收等技术来降低碳排放量,推动钢铁行业向低碳发展方向迈进。展开更多
基金the Education Bureau of Hubei Province of China(No.2002A01013)
文摘The hot deformation experiments of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range were carried out in a hot simulator in order to research hot deformation behaviors of ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite range at low temperature. The results show that the influences of deformation parameters on flow stress are different to those in austenitic deformation. The deformation characteristic parameters were calculated for ultra-low carbon steel in ferrite region. The flow stress equation for ultra-low carbon steel in ferritic deformation at low temperature was obtained.
基金This work was supported by"863"Program of China (2004AA601020),The Project of Beijing Science and technology Committee(H020620010120) and the project of Beijing city key laboratory
文摘In this paper three controllers for A/O process are developed, including a DO cascade controller, an external carbon flow rate controller and an internal recycling flow rate controller. The objective of the different controllers is to control the nitrate and ammonia concentration. Simulation study demonstrated that these controllers could efficiently control nitrogen removal and meet stricter effluent quality standards at a minimum cost.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (31070384)
文摘Based on data from ChinaFLUX this study analyzed the daily value flow processes of carbon fixation, monthly value distribution, and daily accumulative processes in a year of two kinds of typical forest, two kinds of grasses and a farmland. The results showed that the annual value of carbon fixation of these ecosystems was different, and flow processes and cumulative processes followed different trends over a year. The sequence of the five kinds of ecosystems based on the annual value of carbon fixation from largest to smallest was Yucheng warm temperate agriculture ecosystem （Yucheng）, Qianyanzhou subtropical artificial coniferous forest ecosystem （Qianyanzhou）, Changbai Mountain temperate mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest ecosystem （Changbaishan）, Haibei alpine meadow ecosystem （Haibei）and Dangxiong alpine meadow ecosystem （Dangxiong）. Variability in the daily and monthly carbon fixation at Qianyanzhou was the smallest, followed by Changbaishan, Yucheng, Dangxiong and Haibei. The cumulative processes of daily carbon fixation for the five kinds of ecosystems were well fitted to cubic curves.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52270177)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.2022QNRC001)the Key R&D Plan of Liaoning Province(No.2021JH2/10300103)。
文摘Reducing CO_(2)emissions of the iron and steel industry,a typical heavy CO_(2)-emitting sector is the only way that must be passed to achieve the‘dual-carbon’goal,especially in China.In previous studies,however,it is still unknown what is the difference between blast furnace basic oxygen furnace(BF-BOF),scrap-electric furnace(scrap-EF)and hydrogen metallurgy process.The quantitative research on the key factors affecting CO_(2)emissions is insufficient There is also a lack of research on the prediction of CO_(2)emissions by adjusting industria structure.Based on material flow analysis,this study establishes carbon flow diagrams o three processes,and then analyze the key factors affecting CO_(2)emissions.CO_(2)emissions of the iron and steel industry in the future is predicted by adjusting industrial structure The results show that:(1)The CO_(2)emissions of BF-BOF,scrap-EF and hydrogen metallurgy process in a site are 1417.26,542.93 and 1166.52 kg,respectively.(2)By increasing pellet ratio in blast furnace,scrap ratio in electric furnace,etc.,can effectively reduce CO_(2)emissions(3)Reducing the crude steel output is the most effective CO_(2)reduction measure.There is still 5.15×10^(8)-6.17×10^(8) tons of CO_(2)that needs to be reduced by additional measures.
文摘为了研究钢铁行业高炉-转炉长流程中的碳流动过程,根据碳元素平衡原理,绘制了钢铁企业高炉-转炉长流程的物质流动图和碳素流桑基图,并分析其流动特征。通过分析各工艺的CO_(2)排放量和减排潜力,强调在高炉-转炉长流程中减少碳排放的重要性。结果显示,高炉-转炉长流程的碳排放强度大约在2 000 kg CO_(2)/t(粗钢)左右波动,其中高炉炼铁工序的碳排放量最大,建议采用氧气高炉、氢能冶炼、余热回收等技术来降低碳排放量,推动钢铁行业向低碳发展方向迈进。
