A Stroke-Limitation AMD Control System with Variable Gain and Limited Area for High-Rise Buildings

Collisions between a moving mass and an anti-collision device increase structural responses and threaten structural safety.An active mass damper(AMD)with stroke limitations is often used to avoid collisions.However,a strokelimited AMD control system with a fixed limited area shortens the available AMD stroke and leads to significant control power.To solve this problem,the design approach with variable gain and limited area(VGLA)is proposed in this study.First,the boundary of variable-limited areas is calculated based on the real-time status of the moving mass.The variable gain(VG)expression at the variable limited area is deduced by considering the saturation of AMD stroke.Then,numerical simulations of a stroke-limited AMD control system with VGLA are conducted on a high-rise building structure.These numerical simulations show that the proposed approach has superior strokelimitation performance compared with a stroke-limited AMD control system with a fixed limited area.Finally,the proposed approach is validated through experiments on a four-story steel frame.

Central limit theolrem for linear processes generated byⅡD random variables under the sub-linear expectation

In this paper,we investigate the central limit theorem and the invariance principle for linear processes generated by a new notion of independently and identically distributed(IID)random variables for sub-linear expectations initiated by Peng[19].It turns out that these theorems are natural and fairly neat extensions of the classical Kolmogorov's central limit theorem and invariance principle to the case where probability measures are no longer additive.

Development of control strategy of variable speed limits for improving traffic operations at freeway bottlenecks

A control strategy of variable speed limits(VSL)was developed to reduce the travel time at freeway recurrent bottleneck areas.The proposed control strategy particularly focused on preventing the capacity drop and increasing the discharge flow.A cell transmission model(CTM)was developed to evaluate the effects of the proposed VSL control strategy on the traffic operations.The results show that the total travel time is reduced by 25.5% and the delay is reduced by 56.1%.The average travel speed is increased by 34.3% and the queue length is reduced by 31.0%.The traffic operation is improved by the proposed VSL control strategy.The way to use the proposed VSL control strategy in different types of freeway bottlenecks was also discussed by considering different traffic flow characteristics.It is concluded that the VSL control strategy is effective for merge bottlenecks but is less effective for diverge bottlenecks.

GLOBAL CLASSICAL SOLUTIONS AND THE CLASSICAL LIMIT OF THE NON-RELATIVISTIC VLASOV-DARWIN SYSTEM WITH SMALL INITIAL DATA

We investigate the global classical solutions of the non-relativistic Vlasov-D arwin system with generalized variables(VDG)in three dimensions.We first prove the global existence and uniqueness for small initial data and derive the decay estimates of the Darwin potentials.Then,we show in this framework that the solutions converge in a pointwise sense to solutions of the classical Vlasov-Poisson system(VP)at the asymptotic rate of 1/c2 as the speed of light c tends to infinity for all time.Moreover,we obtain rigorously an asymptotic estimate of the difference between the two systems.

Interaction solutions and localized waves to the(2+1)-dimensional Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation with variable coefficient

This article investigates the Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation with variable coefficient using the Hirota bilinear method and the long wave limit method.The equation is proved to be Painlevé integrable by Painlevé analysis.On the basis of the bilinear form,the forms of two-soliton solutions,three-soliton solutions,and four-soliton solutions are studied specifically.The appropriate parameter values are chosen and the corresponding figures are presented.The breather waves solutions,lump solutions,periodic solutions and the interaction of breather waves solutions and soliton solutions,etc.are given.In addition,we also analyze the different effects of the parameters on the figures.The figures of the same set of parameters in different planes are presented to describe the dynamical behavior of solutions.These are important for describing water waves in nature.

雾天桥梁可变限速值的效用评估及优化

为改善高速公路桥梁路段雾天环境的交通安全,文中考虑可变限速标志设置对驾驶行为的影响,从服从效应角度提出其量化评估方法,以期获得最优作用效能。文中以鄂东长江大桥为原型,选取该桥梁近年最低能见度(100 m)和自由流服务水平作为测试环境,设计3种限速策略,分别为对照组SⅠ(无限速策略)、实验组SⅡ(90~70 km/h限速策略)、实验组SⅢ(90~70~50 km/h逐级限速策略);依托驾驶模拟器,实现不同限速条件的雾天桥梁场景微观驾驶行为数据的细粒度感知,采用重复测量方差分析方法从驾驶人响应的快速性、稳定性及准确性剖析可变限速标志的作用机理及驾驶人特征表现,并通过模糊综合评价方法评估不同限速策略的有效性。研究结果表明:雾天桥梁可变限速标志能够使驾驶人更早地采取减速措施,车辆在雾区行驶过程的稳定性更好;在雾天能见度100 m情况下,90~70~50 km/h逐级限速策略的稳态频数更大,空间稳定性更好,且速度超调量和跟随比更小,响应准确性更高。模糊综合评估结果显示,90~70~50 km/h逐级限速策略作为最优方案,能够有效地提升雾区驾驶行为的调节适应能力,降低驾驶风险,提高车辆运行的稳定性。本研究成果为雾天桥梁可变限速标志的优化设置提供了解决方案,可为雾天桥梁的主动安全防控提供有效支撑。

基于车路协同的快速路合流区可变限速控制方法

针对快速路合流区通行效率低的问题,利用车路协同环境下实时信息采集与交互技术,基于Gipps安全距离模型,对METANET模型进行改进;将动态安全距离融入可变限速控制中,建立起主线可变限速的控制方法和模型,引导匝道车辆利用主线可插间隙汇入,提高了快速路合流区的通行效率和匝道汇入的成功率;利用VISSIM与MATLAB联合搭建仿真控制环境,在不同流量下对所提出的控制策略进行仿真评估。研究结果表明:在中、高流量下,可变限速的控制策略使得速度分别提升了8.75%、 9.28%,密度分别降低了9.45%、 9.77%,行程时间分别降低了9.29%、 8.88%;延误分别降低了9.21%、 8.84%;证明了该可变限速控制策略能提升合流区通行效率,改善交通流运行状态。

一个新的涉及一个多重可变上限函数和一个部分和的半离散Hilbert型不等式

应用权函数的方法,Euler-Maclaurin求和公式,Abel部分求和公式及实分析技巧,求出了一个新的涉及一个多重可变上限函数和一个部分和的半离散Hilbert型不等式.作为应用,考虑了特殊参数下不等式中最佳常数因子联系多参数的等价条件及一些特殊不等式.

基于多智能体深度强化学习的高速公路可变限速协同控制方法

面向高速公路多路段可变限速协同控制需求,针对高维参数空间高效训练寻优难题,提出了应用多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(MADDPG)算法的高速公路可变限速协同控制方法。区别于既有研究的单个智能体深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)算法,MADDPG将每个管控单元抽象为具备Actor-Critic强化学习架构的智能体,在算法训练过程中共享各智能体的状态、动作信息,使得各智能体具备推测其余智能体控制策略的能力,进而实现多路段协同控制。基于开源仿真软件SUMO,在高速公路典型拥堵场景对提出的控制方法开展管控效果验证。实验结果表明,提出的MADDPG算法降低了拥堵持续时间和路段运行速度标准差,分别减少69.23%、47.96%,可显著提高交通效率与安全。对比单智能体DDPG算法,MADDPG可节约50%的训练时间并提高7.44%的累计回报值,多智能体算法可提升协同控制策略的优化效率。进一步,为验证智能体间共享信息的必要性,将MADDPG与独立多智能体DDPG(IDDPG)算法进行对比:相较于IDDPG,MADDPG可使拥堵持续时间、速度标准差均值的改善提升11.65%、19.00%。

考虑智能网联车辆影响的八车道高速公路施工区可变限速控制方法

为提升车联网环境下高速公路施工区交通运行效率及安全水平,提出了一种基于强化学习的可变限速控制方法.选取智能驾驶模型和真车试验模型,分别对传统人工车辆和智能网联车辆的跟驰行为进行建模,构建了以瓶颈下游路段交通流量为效率指标、瓶颈路段速度标准差为安全指标的复合奖励值,利用深度确定性策略梯度算法,分车道动态求解最佳限速值.仿真结果表明,所提可变限速控制方法在不同智能网联车辆渗漏率条件下均能有效提升交通流运行效率和安全水平,且在智能网联车辆渗漏率较低时,提升效果更加显著.当智能网联车辆渗漏率为1.0时,瓶颈下游路段交通流量提升10.1%,瓶颈路段速度标准差均值下降68.9%;当智能网联车辆渗漏率为0时,瓶颈下游路段交通流量提升20.7%,瓶颈路段速度标准差均值下降78.1%.智能网联车辆的引入能够提升至多52.0%的瓶颈下游路段交通流量.

基于财富分配问题的概率论实验教学案例设计

本文基于财富分配问题的数值模拟,设计了概率论实验教学案例,由此建立了用随机变量描述分配方式的数学模型,形象地展示了二项分布、正态分布、中心极限定理和随机变量的方差等教学内容,丰富了概率论实践教学素材.

FX高速包装机成品烟条输送装置的设计与应用

为解决FX高速包装机成品烟条输送过程中损耗高的问题,设计一种新的成品烟条输送装置。该装置主要由变频电机、输送链板、限位装置及下滑装置4个部分组成,通过传感器监控成品烟条的运输过程,出现成品烟条堵塞时立即停止包装机和输送链板,并实时调整变频电机的速度,实现成品烟条的均匀运输,减少停机次数;通过限位装置对成品烟条进行平衡、减速,保证成品烟条在下滑装置的运输过程中保持稳定,降低成品烟条的损耗。以某卷烟厂生产的实际为对象对该装置进行测试,结果表明,应用后成品烟条损耗降低30%,成品烟条滑落和掉落的问题降低到0,运输过程中成品烟条堵塞的次数减少70%,为提高FX高速包装机的高生产效率提供保障。

变阻抗高温超导限流器的限流特性研究

超导限流器在系统短路限流中具有良好的应用前景,但是电阻型超导限流器在深度限流后难以快速恢复,针对此问题本文提出了交流系统中的一种基于组合超导线圈的变阻抗超导限流器,能在增大限流率的同时显著缩短主通流支路超导带材的通流时间。基于单根超导带材的实验结果在Simulink中依次建立了单根超导带材和变阻抗超导限流器的R-Q仿真模型,仿真分析了变阻抗超导限流器的限流性能和恢复性能,并通过实验验证了仿真结果的准确性,最后在10 kV交流电力系统中分析了变阻抗超导限流器的限流效果。结果显示,本方案超导限流器的主通流和主限流线圈带材根数之比为2∶1时,限流阻抗能增大到常规超导限流器的3倍以上,能有效提高电力系统的稳定性。

变限积分函数导数运算的应用研究

变限积分函数是证明牛顿-莱布尼兹公式的重要工具,是高等数学中微分和积分知识相互联结的纽带.通过对变限积分函数及其性质进行推广,并收集与变限积分有关典型例题,论述变限积分函数在解题的应用.

Inverse reliability analysis and design for tunnel face stability considering soil spatial variability

The traditional deterministic analysis for tunnel face stability neglects the uncertainties of geotechnical parameters,while the simplified reliability analysis which models the potential uncertainties by means of random variables usually fails to account for soil spatial variability.To overcome these limitations,this study proposes an efficient framework for conducting reliability analysis and reliability-based design(RBD)of tunnel face stability in spatially variable soil strata.The three-dimensional(3D)rotational failure mechanism of the tunnel face is extended to account for the soil spatial variability,and a probabilistic framework is established by coupling the extended mechanism with the improved Hasofer-Lind-Rackwits-Fiessler recursive algorithm(iHLRF)as well as its inverse analysis formulation.The proposed framework allows for rapid and precise reliability analysis and RBD of tunnel face stability.To demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed framework,an illustrative case of tunnelling in frictional soils is presented,where the soil's cohesion and friction angle are modelled as two anisotropic cross-correlated lognormal random fields.The results show that the proposed method can accurately estimate the failure probability(or reliability index)regarding the tunnel face stability and can efficiently determine the required supporting pressure for a target reliability index with soil spatial variability being taken into account.Furthermore,this study reveals the impact of various factors on the support pressure,including coefficient of variation,cross-correlation between cohesion and friction angle,as well as autocorrelation distance of spatially variable soil strata.The results also demonstrate the feasibility of using the forward and/or inverse first-order reliability method(FORM)in high-dimensional stochastic problems.It is hoped that this study may provide a practical and reliable framework for determining the stability of tunnels in complex soil strata.

基于强化学习的车道级可变限速控制策略

针对高速公路合流区主线各车道交通流运行状况受合流车辆影响的差异性,研究了1种基于强化学习的车道级可变限速(differential variable speed limit,DVSL)控制策略。由于DVSL控制问题存在高维动作空间求解困难,本文利用限速变化值优化动作空间,确定状态空间以及考虑多因素的奖励函数;在求解过程中,使用优质经验回放技术(prioritized experience replay,PER)进行改进,以提高训练效率和模型性能;同时提出1种车道间的安全检测机制辅助PER-DDQN展开训练,保证车道级可变限速模型可实施性。利用SUMO仿真软件测试所提出策略的控制效果,结果表明:所提出的车道级可变限速策略相较于未实施可变限速控制场景,全程行程时间降低41.88%、平均速度提高5.65%,合流区行程时间降低66.91%、平均速度提高43.42%;且车道级可变限速控制策略下合流区内各车道拥堵时间明显缩短,速度变化更加平稳。此外,还测试了智能网联车(connected-automated vehicles,CAVs)在不同渗透率场景对所提出策略的影响,渗透率在低于60%时实施车道级可变限速策略控制效果明显优于未实施可变限速控制策略,在渗透率为20%、40%和60%的场景中平均全程行程时间分别降低了41.88%、13.38%和7.46%,平均速度提高了6.08%、2.36%和1.61%;当渗透率达到80%以上时,鉴于CAVs车辆能明显改善交通流状况,实施车道级可变限速控制策略改善效果不明显。

Predictive Control Model Based on the MPC Algorithm on Three Different Road Sections

Predictive control is an advanced control algorithm,which is widely used in industrial process control.Among them,model predictive control(MPC)is an important branch of predictive control.Its basic principle is to use the system model to predict future behavior and determine the current control action by optimizing the objective function.This paper discusses the application of MPC in the prediction and control of the speed of vehicles to optimize traffic flow.It is a valuable reference for alleviating traffic congestion and improving travel efficiency and smoothness and provides scientific basis and technical support for future highway traffic management.

基于改进移动极限常数的变密度拓扑优化方法

为提高基于变密度法的拓扑优化模型的迭代速度,将模型中的极限移动常数,改进为随单元密度变动的变量。结果表明:改进后,在目标函数变动微小的情况下,极大地提高了模型的迭代速率。可见此种方法,有效地改进了拓扑优化模型,具有可行性。

基于车路协同大流量高速公路多车道管控策略研究

随着信息技术的飞速发展,车路协同技术成为发展智慧公路的重要技术手段。应用主动式交通管理以提供更加实时有效的信息已成为行业新共识。通过对大流量交通流场景下的高速公路交通特征及道路通行能力进行分析,提出基于车路协同大流量影响下的多车道级控制策略。本次仿真实验利用VISSIM软件二次开发搭建高速公路主线大流量交通场景,考虑车路协同场景下车路信息交互,搭建车辆跟驰模型及其换道模型。通过分析河南省高速公路交通数据,建立微观交通仿真环境,对不同管控措施下道路占有率、平均延误时间、平均车辆速度以及道路通行时间等交通流特征进行模型仿真分析。结果表明:相较于无管控道路状态,文中提出的面向车路协同环境的动态控制车辆速度以及硬路肩开放的管控措施能够更加有效地消除高速公路大流量瓶颈区域拥堵,提升道路通行效率及其道路安全性。

高速公路二次事故风险预警与可变限速控制策略研究

为降低高速公路二次事故发生几率,提高高速公路行车安全和通行效率,创新研究了高速公路二次事故风险预警与可变限速控制策略。首先,基于采集得到的交通流数据,选用贝叶斯随机效应Logit模型来构建一种二次事故风险预测模型,预测高速公路上一次事故引起二次事故的概率;其次,开发可变限速控制策略,根据一次事故发生后道路交通流的实时变化,自动调节高速公路的限速值;最后,通过可变信息情报板对限速值进行发布,并进行上下游协调控制,对高速公路交通流运行进行主动干预,主动调节车辆运行速度等,从而预防二次事故的发生。