Research on the Harmonious Development of New Rural Communities under the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Areas

On the basis of offering a definition of New Rural Communities (NRCs), the paper analyzes the values of New Rural Communities and argues that the construction of NRCs is able to contribute to the enhancement of the comprehensive agricultural production capability as well as the development of social productivity. Meanwhile the incomes of the rural residents can be boosted, which denotes the realization of a harmonious society where the achievements of China's reform and development are shared by each citizen. Moreover, the construction of NRCs facilitates the economization of land use and thus improves the overall living standard of the residents, while helping to cut the administrative cost and promote democracy at the primary level. This paper also points out various problems arising during the construction of NRCS in China: blindly following suit in accordance with the modes of the urban communities; lack of funds, which leads to the absence of the supporting mechanisms of NRCs; vague positioning and the ensuing shortage of impetus for continued development. Finally, the paper raises the corresponding measures and suggestions: first, based on reality, make overall planning and scientific arrangement; second, the government should play the dominant role while respecting the principal position of the rural residents and introducing the market mechanism; third, increase science and technology input and attach equal importance to economic and social benefits; fourth, broaden fund-raising channels while completing the supervision mechanism.

Experimental Summary and Enlightenment of Urban and Rural Integration in Henan Province

By means of investigation and research of the 7 cities of the urban and rural integration in Henan Province, the paper summarizes five aspects of urban and rural integration in Henan Province in common from the social and economic conditions, spatial characteristics, dynamic mechanism, organization form, security measures： higher level of economic development, the selective advantage of location, the power mechanism characteristics of taking the government as the main body from top to bottom, the organization form of strengthen the construction of new rural area and industrial agglomeration area construction, the security measures of innovation mechanism system.The main sticking point to urban and rural integrition is the capital input and output, the rural collective economic power shortage problem , the problem of sustainable development of new rural community. A useful reference is playing the active role of rural cadre and masses initiative to promote the integration of urban and rural by injection power source from bottom to top; much channel solves problem of farmer employment according to local conditions; improve rural economy from hematopoietic function rely on industry development.

Path Choice on Rural Industrial Upgrading in the Process of Rural-urban Integration in Binhai New Area

With methods of reference research and field research, the current situations of rural industrialization in the process of rural-urban integration in Binhai new area are analyzed and some problems in the process of integration in the new area are pointed out, such as difficulties in breaking dual economic structure in urban and rural areas, imbalanced economic development in the area and inadequate development of the third industry. And relevant countermeasures are proposed: optimizing agriculture industrial structure and promoting agricultural industrialization to form urban agricultural model of Binhai new area focusing on facility agriculture, park agriculture and high-end agriculture and to realize the intensive growth of agriculture; rationally distributing rural industrial structure to form regional leading industry and playing the guiding role of industry to achieve industrial adjustment improvement; quickening the construction of the third industry centering on service to form the service system of modern countryside and the leading role of modern service industry so as to achieve rapid development of the third industry.

Study on New Ruralism and Rural Ecotourism Development——A Case Study of “Green Homeland, Prosperous Countryside” Project in Lin’an City, Zhejiang Province of China

Core concept of new ruralism was interpreted, harmonious development pattern of new ruralism studied, overseas development practices introduced, experience and enlightenment of new rural construction summarized. Through studying typical cases of rural economic development in Lin'an City, Zhejiang Province, problems in the construction of modern new rural areas, cultivation of characteristic agriculture and transformation of traditional agriculture in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, suggestions were given as "expanding multiple functions of agriculture, developing modern ecotourism agriculture, promoting the compound development of agricultural resources on the basis of science and technology". Successful experience of western countries in this field was borrowed, and it was proposed that guiding role of government should be fully played in the innovative development of this field.

Significant Differences in Elderly Health between Urban and Rural Communities: A Literature Review

This study aimed to examine measures pertaining to elderly health in urban versus rural settings, and to identify differences in the health of elderly people living in urban and rural communities through a literature review. An electronic literature search was performed using PubMed for English articles published in peer-reviewed journals up to August 2018, with the following search terms: “urban”, “rural”, “comparison of community”, “elderly health”, and “comparison of community health”. A total of 35 articles were extracted for a critical full-text review, and six articles that met the inclusion criteria were subjected to analysis. Measures related to elderly health in urban and rural communities were classified into the following three categories: functional abilities, health, and health perception. Five of the six articles described functional abilities (e.g., social function) and health (e.g., mental health, depression) as categories with significant differences in elderly health between urban and rural communities. The results suggest that elderly health measures related to social function and mental health or depression are more important outcome measures of effective person-centered integrated community care systems from the perspective of community characteristics. As there were only a few articles reporting on elderly health according to differences in environment between urban and rural communities, further investigation is globally warranted.

Research of Spatial Construction Strategy in Chinese New Rural Community

Through the field survey of traditional rural settlement,it has found that the typical spatial construction model shows the duality of matrix and landmark and they are in a relation of reciprocal causality.However,under the impact of urbanization and modernization,this spatial construction model is disappearing,and those natural villages are integrated and reconstructed at a high speed and in a large scale during the construction of new rural communities,leading to a lack of geographical construction system and a damage of ecological living environment.In the perspective of prototype theory,the duality feature should be combined with spatial construction model to guide the inheritance and application of spatial construction model of traditional rural settlements and seek for new spatial development approach for new rural communities based on the sustainable,alternative and transformation strategies.

Influence of Rural Land Institutional Reform on Urbanization During the 13^(th) Five-Year Plan Period:A Case Study of Jiangsu Province

The rural land institutions have confined the process of China's urbanization for a long time. During the 13 th Five-Year Plan period, the Chinese government will push forward a new round of rural land institutional reform, so as to promote the restructuring of current rural land use pattern, change related elements concerning urbanization, and realize the transformation of the urbanization mode. Taking Jiangsu Province, a comprehensive pilot site of new urbanization at the provincial level in China, as an example, the paper summarizes the practical experience of rural land institutional reform in Jiangsu during recent years. Further, through analyzing the influence of rural land institutional reform on the urbanization process of Jiangsu Province during the 13 th Five-Year Plan period, the paper puts forward some policy measures, with the hope of providing a lasting impetus for the new urbanization in Jiangsu Province as well as a reference for other provinces in China.

共同富裕目标下的高质量县域城镇化评价体系建构

共同富裕是中国式现代化的重要特征,城镇化是实现中国式现代化的必由之路。当前,县域城镇化建设中存在区域发展不平衡、城乡差距不断扩大、基础设施建设不健全、公共服务配套不完善等问题,制约了共同富裕的实现。如何构建一个科学合理的评价体系来评估县域城镇化的发展水平和城乡融合的实现程度,对于推动县域城镇化健康发展、实现共同富裕具有重要意义。在系统回顾已有共同富裕历史渊源与理论内涵的基础上,探究县域城镇化促进共同富裕的内在机理,基于系统性、科学性、客观性和前瞻性原则,依据统计年鉴数据及由“浙江大学—浙江移动数据智能与城市未来联合实验室”开发的“科研数智通”(DIPS)平台大数据,从收入公平、消费公平和城乡融合三大评价维度(一级指标)出发构建了包含9项二级指标和26项三级指标的县域城镇化评价体系。该体系有助于多维度、多视角、多主体评价县域城镇化发展情况,支持并引导县域城镇化高质量发展。

关于统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的思考

本文分析了新时代新征程统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的必要性,探讨了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的问题和挑战,进而提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的指导思想、基本原则和主要目标。在此基础上,提出了统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的战略思路与对策建议,即要注意发挥规划引领作用,并增强县城、中心镇、特色小镇等的磁力效应;要坚持农业农村优先发展方针,加强对推进乡村全面振兴的政策支持;要全面深化农业农村改革,并强化改革对发展的赋能效应;要深化新型城镇化乃至宏观层面的相关制度创新。

农民工市民化影响城乡融合发展的理论阐释与实证分析

将农民工市民化与城乡融合发展纳入统一分析框架,在构建城乡融合发展进程评价指标体系和计算农民工城市融入工资测算农民工市民化程度的基础上,基于2009—2021年省级面板数据,构建双向固定效应模型,实证检验农民工市民化对城乡融合发展的影响。研究发现:推进农民工市民化能够显著促进城乡融合发展;分区域看,农民工市民化对城乡融合发展的促进作用在中西部地区更加明显;通过加快农业现代化、加快农村现代化、促进基本公共服务均等化以及提高新型城镇化质量等作用渠道推进农民工市民化促进城乡融合发展。

数字新基建对城乡融合发展的影响机理及实证检验

数字新基建是数字经济时代的新引擎,对于实现城乡高质量融合发展具有重要意义。该研究以2009—2022年中国31个省份的面板数据为样本,基于熵权法测度指标并建立计量模型,从城乡相互渗透、相互融合等多元化视角入手,立足融合型和创新型等为代表的数字新基建,实证检验了数字新基建对城乡融合发展及其各分维度的影响。进一步,探讨了数字新基建对城乡融合发展的空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:①数字新基建能够显著提升城乡融合发展水平,这一正向效应在东部和中部地区、非粮食主产区、低科技投入地区和低工业化水平地区更为显著。从分维度分析,数字新基建对空间融合、社会融合和生态融合起到正向的推动作用,而对人口融合和经济融合起到显著的抑制作用。②影响机制分析发现,在数字新基建推动城乡融合发展的过程中,创新活跃度和产业结构升级起到了至关重要的传导作用。一方面,数字新基建能够通过降低创新成本,进一步减少信息不对称、缩短研发时间以此提升城乡融合进程;另一方面,数字新基建可以深化要素市场联动,促进生产力水平智能化进而促进产业结构升级,以此推动城乡融合发展。③进一步分析发现,数字新基建对城乡融合发展进程产生了正向的空间溢出效应,有利于推动周边区域城乡融合发展。据此提出,应加强数字新基建在城乡融合发展过程中各领域的渗透程度,缩小城乡之间的数字鸿沟,同时根据不同区位、科技投入水平和工业化水平等采用差异化数字新基建发展战略,提升周边地区城乡融合发展水平。

数字普惠金融、新质生产力与城乡融合发展

数字普惠金融为培育和发展新质生产力提供了金融基础,也为城乡融合发展提供了新动能。文章运用中国30个省份2011—2022年的面板数据,从新质生产力视角,研究了数字普惠金融对城乡融合发展的影响与作用机制。研究发现:(1)数字普惠金融能够显著促进城乡融合发展;(2)数字普惠金融可以通过提升新质生产力来促进城乡融合发展;(3)数字普惠金融对城乡融合发展的促进作用受到新质生产力和自身的门槛作用的影响,并且这种影响呈现边际效应递增的特征;(4)数字普惠金融对城乡融合发展的影响在高经济发展水平、低传统金融发展水平和高互联网发展水平省份更明显。

城乡融合的动力机制与路径选择

在全面实施乡村振兴战略中,中国的城乡关系呈现三种不同的模式:农村普遍空心化、人口和资源高度集聚县城的集中型模式,城乡相互交流融合的互动型模式,公共服务资源下沉乡镇的服务型模式。之所以形成不同的城乡关系模式,是因为农民流动的推动力已经从寻找就业机会转向获取公共服务,农民的流动模式也逐渐从城乡之间反复迁移转变为在能够满足其公共服务需求的地方寻求稳定生活。受到人口密度、地理条件、经济发展水平和地方文化等因素影响,不同地区的公共服务成本和政府提供公共服务的能力不同,导致公共服务供给方式不同,进一步影响了农民对生活地点的选择,由此产生了不同的城乡关系模式。理解城乡关系的多样性与动力机制的变迁,对于新时期城乡融合发展、新型城镇化和乡村振兴均具有重要意义。

新时期阿克苏地区城乡供水安全保障体系探析

本文以阿克苏地区城乡供水安全保障体系为例,在对当地城乡供水现状及存在的问题进行分析的基础上,结合未来发展和新时期供水思路,因地制宜,积极推进城市群供水、城乡一体化供水和集中供水,实施多水源供水和应急备用水源工程,构建与当地经济社会发展相适应的城乡供水安全保障体系,大大提高了供水保障程度。研究成果可为其他地区城乡供水提供一定的参考和借鉴。

中国新型城镇化的合理均衡和实施路径

农村剩余劳动力和农村人口向城镇的转移是城镇化的表征之一。城乡劳动生产率或劳均收入的均衡在根本上决定了合理的城镇化率。依据城乡人口迁移模型和国家统计局数据,根据调整后的城乡收入均衡条件计算得到中国合理城镇化率为84%左右,大致相当于已完成城镇化国家的中等水平;结合城镇化内在统一于经济发展过程的规律分析,到21世纪中叶我国可以基本完成城镇化进程。新型城镇化本质上要求实现城镇化与经济发展阶段的适应匹配,要着力促进城乡产业发展、就业和收入均衡,完善城乡公共基础设施和公共服务,优化城镇空间布局体系,加强宜居环境建设和历史文化保护,走高质量的新型城镇化道路。

中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力的培育:内在逻辑、形成机制与实践路向

中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力的培育是推动社会经济全面发展与协调发展的关键力量,对加快城乡融合具有重要的理论与现实意义。中国城乡融合背景下新质生产力是一种以科技创新、数字化转型和生态化转型为核心,旨在促进城乡间要素自由流动、缩小发展差距,并通过优化劳动者素质和劳动资料赋能劳动对象价值升级,实现生产效率和质量全面提升的变革之力。一方面,新质生产力可赋能中国城乡融合完满实现;另一方面,中国城乡融合可创新新质生产力实践路向。形成机制方面,新质生产力外显于劳动者、劳动对象与劳动资料,因此可通过作用于上述三种生产力构成要素来提升新质生产力。为此,应改善劳动投入,赋能劳动者全面发展;推动新质产业和生态环境优化,赋能劳动对象全面迭代;加快技术创新,赋能劳动资料全面升级,以培育新质生产力,从而推动城乡融合协同发展。

数字经济促进城乡融合发展了吗?

文章基于熵权TOPSIS法分别测度了2011—2020年省际数字经济发展、乡村振兴与新型城镇化水平,采用耦合协调函数测算了城乡融合发展水平,实证考察了数字经济对城乡融合发展的影响。结果表明:数字经济对城乡融合发展具有显著的促进作用,在选取工具变量与更换估计方法的稳健性检验后该结论仍然成立。进一步分析发现,数字经济通过加快城乡产业融合升级和促进要素双向自由流动两方面来推动城乡融合发展。基于以上结论,提出深度利用城乡产业协同发展数字平台来激发城乡产业资源潜力并加强农村信息网络基础设施建设的建议。

城乡均衡发展大格局下我国公路服务区大网建设研究

当前我国高速公路服务区功能与畅通全国城乡产销大循环要求存在五大矛盾:一是服务区封闭,过路消费需求与沿线乡镇农特产品供给脱节;二是旅客上下中转受限,营运公司客流补充成本高昂,始发终到旅客集散时间成本猛增;三是小批量物流快件不能直接沿线集散,私营公司抢占赢利路线而弃舍高速沿线乡镇小批量件;四是旅客需求日益多样化,服务种类相对国外而言极其单薄;五是城市停车难,关键要靠市郊和城乡路网。建设开放型服务区且注重城乡均衡布点成网,是日韩和法德推动消费惠及城乡的重要成功经验,服务区集应急救援、旅客集散和换乘中转、物流仓储和快件集散交换、本地农特产售卖以及旅游观景休闲等商旅文于一体已成未来发展大势。在我国公路沿线建设数以万计的综合服务区和各类中小微网点,利用网点换乘中转实现全国客货邮“镇-镇”直达,可以更充分地发挥现有高等级公路的网络共享优势,更有效地实现客运增流、快递增质增量、城乡产销提质增速等国内双向大循环功能,将全国人民的日常经济社会活动汇集成为城乡一体共享生产、交换和消费大市场,助推实施乡村振兴,促进城乡融合发展。

统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴

新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴都是推进中国式现代化必须高度重视的重大战略,是影响构建新发展格局、推进高质量发展和增进民生福祉的重大现实问题。推进新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴有机结合不是可以自动实现的,要高度重视统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴的重要性和紧迫性。但就当前而言,统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴仍然面临一系列困难和问题。要注意廓清统筹新型城镇化和乡村全面振兴面临的主要任务,推进农业转移人口市民化提质扩面,推进城乡产业梯度化、差异化、协同化发展,建设宜居宜业和美乡村,以县城为枢纽打造县域城乡融合发展的战略支点,推进城乡基础设施互联互通和城乡基本公共服务均等化,健全城乡低收入人口、欠发达地区和问题地区常态化帮扶机制。

公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合的机理、挑战与对策

现阶段,县城成为城镇化体系建设中的重点环节,乡村振兴战略全面深入实施,推进县域城乡融合正当其时。公共产品一体化是城乡融合的重要载体并具有先导作用。其中,社会公共产品一体化促进城乡要素自由流动,经济公共产品一体化促进城乡产业融合,数字公共产品一体化促进城乡治理融合。县域公共产品一体化受到城乡二元体制、县级财政能力、县域公共产品特性及农村公共产品供给短板等因素挑战。需要统筹规划、构建多元可持续的投融资模式、公共产品分类转型供给、全面提升农村公共产品供给等,以公共产品一体化引领县域城乡融合。