Research on the Path of Improving the Efficiency of Urban Community Governance from the Perspective of Collaborative Governance:A Case Study of Daqing City,China

Under the background of“co-construction,co-governance,and sharing,”the role of the grassroots level is becoming increasingly important.In the past,the governance body was single with blocked information,and the inefficient governance mode required gradual transformation.In order to achieve collaborative governance and break through the obstacles in grassroots governance,the key lies in how to play the role of the community,coordinate the relationship between citizens and the community,and allow the community to better play the role of grassroots governance.Under the guidance of the concept of collaborative governance and combined with relevant data,this paper discusses the problems and current situation of community governance in Daqing City,China,explores the path to improve the efficiency of urban community governance,and puts forward relevant constructive suggestions to better realize the role of community in grassroots governance.

Enhancing coastal areas governance for sustainable tourism in the context of urbanization and climate change in eastern Thailand

Coastal areas in the eastern sub-region of Thailand,a popular destination in Southeast Asia,are facing rapid tourism-related urbanization and associated consequences of environment and climate change(CC).Thus,this study aims to analyze the relationships between tourism,coastal areas,the environment,and CC in the context of tourism urbanization;and recommend strategies for enhancing the governance of coastal areas.Three popular destinations were selected as study areas,Koh Chang,Koh Mak,and Pattaya.Group discussions,questionnaire surveys,in-terviews,and observation were used for primary data collection together with secondary data.The results show that the development of these destinations has been incompatible with the coastal environment and CC patterns.Rapid urbanization from tourism development is the main driver of environmental changes and makes the areas vulnerable to CC-related risks.While water scarcity and pollution are found the most critical environmental issues of the destinations,coastal areas are negatively affected in terms of increased air and water pollution and resource degradation.They have also been exposed to different CC-related problems while the risks of accumulative impacts of both environment and CC have not been adequately recognized or addressed.Although some measures have provided synergies of improved environment and increased climate resilience,possible conflicts and gaps were also found.Public infrastructure integration and optimization to enhance coastal areas'environment and climate resilience are suggested.

CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS: CHINA'S URBAN GOVERNANCE

China′s urban reforms have brought social progress and development, but a comprehensive national system of social welfare (for example, unemployment insurance, pensions, medical care and public housing) for new migrants from rural areas is lacking. One of the most remarkable changes in Chinese cities in the last decade was a change in social "equality", with the rise of new poverty both in individual communities and some social groups in urban society. However, there is little social assistance and public infrastructure for the migrants. Governments or communities or individual should pay attention to the control of new urban poverty and new slums. This paper consider that it is necessary to launch a successful policy, which include mainly: 1) accommodating urban growth through low cost investment projects; 2) urban economy depends heavily on successful macroeconomic policy; 3) to broaden the three channels linking adjustment to the incidence of urban poverty; 4) to restructure urban economic based on the high or new technology; 5) to coordinate relationship between urban economic growth and environment management for sustainable development of Beijing′s metropolitan fringe.

Public Participation and “Good” Urban Governance

In the 21^st century,with the development of globalization and urbanization in the whole world,and the economic and social advancement,the managing structure,and methods of the urban governance are changing rapidly.This situation shows that the good urban governance is facing a wide variety of challenges and issues to serve the contemporary cities.Among those numerous challenges and issues,public participation is a key factor that should be well considered if the urban governance wants to be a good one in the future.The reason for this statement is that almost all of the decisions,policies,and regulations made by the urban governance are relevant to the daily life of people living in the city.On the other side,good urban governance should connect well with all the relevant people,organizations,and government sections,and consider all advices and needs of them to make sure that the policies could serve public in the maximum range.That means the residents in the city are the majority service object of the urban governance,and providing the needs of the public can help the urban governance turn to a positive image to the residents.Under that situation,public participation offers the chance for urban governance to make correct and satisfied decisions for the residents,and it is being accepted that public participation takes a vitally important position in a good urban governance in the contemporary ages.In this essay,the importance of public participation in urban governance will be exhibited in detail firstly and then discuss the problems of public participation and increase engagement of public participation in urban governance.To compare with the bad governance,the redevelopment process of Liede village could be used as an example to discuss the benefits of the good urban governance with high-level public participation in China.Finally,the conclusion would be given out at the end of the essay.

Sustainability of Urban Lakes： Role of Values in Lake Governance in Ahmedabad, India

Lakes have different social, economical, and ecological values at different periods of societal development, which make them vulnerable to change. One of the ongoing discussions in urban lake governance in India is the revitalization of the urban lakes. The core challenge documented in the governance of urban lakes is to address and find balance in the changing and competing value systems. Effectively addressing the change （or priority） in the values linked to the governance systems is a major step toward sustainability of the urban lakes. There is still limited understanding of how the values of urban lakes are progressively linked to the social, ecological and economic values of the urban developments. The paper looks at the interactions and outcomes of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the urban lakes systems especially the values that sustain the institutional and ecological memory. The focus is on the role of values in urban lake governance. The multitier framework for analyzing social-ecological systems CSES） which is in developmental phase at Elinor Ostrom＇s Workshop is used as the guiding framework to build understanding of the urban lake governance in Ahmedabad, India and at the same time contribute to the development of the SES framework.

The Transformation and Governance of Urban Villages with Historic Culture:A Case Study of Xiaxifang,Yongfeng County,Ji'an City,Jiangxi Province

The transformation and governance of urban villages with historic culture is faced with difficulties such as lack of attention and large-scale demolition and construction,which is not conducive to the continuation of urban characteristic culture.Taking Xiaxifang,Yongfeng County,Ji'an City,Jiangxi Province for example,this study explored the transformation and governance of urban villages with historic culture from the perspectives of spatial structure,urban function,infrastructure,ecological environment,and community governance,so as to provide a reference for the research and practice of urban villages with historic culture.

Practice and Enlightenment of Community Governance Innovation in New Urbanization Process

New urbanization urgently calls for new ideas of community governance.First,this paper defines the important concepts,collates and summarizes the relevant theory. This paper takes Xindu district of Chengdu as an example,analyses the practice and enlightenment of community governance innovation,attempting to provide some insights into the community governance innovation in the new urbanization process.

CHALLENGES AND PROBLEMS: CHINA'S URBAN GOVERNANCE

China′s urban reforms have brought social progress and development, but a comprehensive national system of social welfare (for example, unemployment insurance, pensions, medical care and public housing) for new migrants from rural areas is lacking. One of the most remarkable changes in Chinese cities in the last decade was a change in social "equality", with the rise of new poverty both in individual communities and some social groups in urban society. However, there is little social assistance and public infrastructure for the migrants. Governments or communities or individual should pay attention to the control of new urban poverty and new slums. This paper consider that it is necessary to launch a successful policy, which include mainly: 1) accommodating urban growth through low cost investment projects; 2) urban economy depends heavily on successful macroeconomic policy; 3) to broaden the three channels linking adjustment to the incidence of urban poverty; 4) to restructure urban economic based on the high or new technology; 5) to coordinate relationship between urban economic growth and environment management for sustainable development of Beijing′s metropolitan fringe.

Government's Role in Urban Construction Land Expansion

Focusing on urban construction land expansion,governmental influence on expansion of urban construction land in China is analyzed from fiscal decentralization,government game and land system.Due to fiscal decentralization and coupled with GDP-based performance evaluation system,local government seeks to maximizing economic profits.Whereas,land systems such as land property,land expropriation and land transfer system,let the local governments' profit seeking behavior achieved.The conclusion is that the government's role in urban construction land expansion is mainly from local governments.

Processes of Adaptation and Creation of a Territorial Governance： The Experience of the Cities of Benevento and Salerno （Campania Region, Italy）~

This paper presents some considerations about the definition and role of ＂medium-sized cities＂ in the processes of urban governance of the Italian regional systems, in line with the objectives of European programming 2007-2013. Beginning from some theoretical considerations, the research objective is to delineate the features of the ＂new urban geography＂ of Campania region as it has been formed on the base of the social and economic processes that in the last 30 years have modified the regional urban system in the widest context of Mezzogiorno. To such aim, the paper is articulated in two parts： the first one in which the fundamental passages are re-called in the processes of development of Italian urban areas that have carried to new paradigms object of theoretical approaches still in course of definition, and the second one in which such processes are considered regarding the model of urban development of Campania, on which the research is concentrated. Specifically, the paper presents the case of two ＂middle cities＂ in the Campania region： Benevento and Salerno, which play a particularly important role in the design and development of a ＂regional network of medium-sized cities＂.

Research on the local government investment and fi nancing system innovation and risk assessment under the new-type urbanization background

At present, with the new urbanization as the background of the situation in our country, local governments in China especiallyin the central region as the representative of Henan Province, is to take this opportunity to create their own economic heights and industrialagglomeration, and constantly improve the level of urbanization of the original, but the town level cannot improve open the power of capital, thelocal government of is facing fi nancing, fi nancing platform, fi nancing channels and fi nancing policy and a series of fi nancing systems caused byfi nancing diffi culties. Therefore, as the perspective of the local government, a new study of investment and fi nancing system and the risk measure,can more effectively guide and encourage the existing capital city infrastructure and public services to improve the fi eld.

Urban Cultural Excavation and Reconstruction in the Perspective of Cultural Interaction:An Example of Modern Counter-Industrial Development on the Suzhou Riverbank

Urban culture,as the core force of urban development,has been explored more deeply in the process of modern urban transformation and construction.However,cities have their own unique memories,and cultural continuity and heritage require further innovation.The Suzhou River was the center of Shanghai’s initial development and carries an important cultural heritage.In 1996,Shanghai launched the comprehensive environmental improvement of the Suzhou River,which has achieved the reverse industrialization of the Suzhou River through the fine management of the city,and has made a good achievement of urban management and a new culture of the Suzhou River.This paper takes,Shanghai,a maritime city,as the background,takes the management of Suzhou River as the entry point to explore the new path of building urban culture in the new era,and studies the cultural significance contained in the fine management of modern cities.

长江中下游城市内涝与雨季污染协同治理对策

针对长江中下游城市内涝与雨季污染协同治理的突出问题,对城市水安全、雨季水体返黑返臭风险和河湖水生态退化三方面存在的问题进行了论述。发现长江中下游城市河网密度高、降水量大、暴雨多发,同时人口密集、经济发展水平高,内涝、污染、生态退化等水问题突出;城市内涝频发,雨季污染造成某些城市水体局部返黑返臭,严重影响城市水环境品质,成为制约长江中下游城市绿色发展的重要瓶颈问题。提出了建立三级内涝协同防治体系、构建城市“绿-灰-蓝”设施耦合工程体系、协同推进水体品质提升与生态修复等建议。

城市社区治理风险的生成及应对

城市社区是社会治理的基本单元,也是风险治理的基本单元。因治理手段不当、治理能力不足或治理资源缺失,形成了以日常生活性风险、社区秩序稳定风险和治理主体公信力流失风险等为主要类型的城市社区治理风险。城市社区治理风险的客观存在,给城市社区治理尤其是城市社区治理质量提升带来了不可忽视的影响。城市社区治理风险的形成,与城市社区治理规模过大、治理对象复杂、治理资源有限和治理规范不足等要素密切相关。提升城市社区治理质量,增强城市居民社区生活体验感和治理成效获得感,需要对城市社区治理风险进行分类治理、培育治理共同体意识和推进整体治理。

城乡等值化视角下旅游驱动乡村治理的理论逻辑与作用机制

乡村旅游是乡村振兴的重要路径,而乡村治理又是乡村振兴的核心内容.通过旅游驱动乡村治理已在实践层面和理论研究中受到持续关注,但是对其理论逻辑和作用机制的探究还有待深化.该文基于城乡等值化视角,分析旅游驱动城乡要素流动改善乡村治理的理论逻辑和作用机制.研究发现:1)乡村旅游能够打破乡村治理的边界,桥接城乡要素的流动,通过促进城乡要素的双向循环流动来推动乡村治理;2)在城乡等值化背景下,乡村旅游通过调整土地、人才、资本、文化、生态、技术等城乡要素的流动状态,在乡村治理层面形成响应,进而助推达成乡村经济、社会、文化、生态、政治等多元治理目标;3)应根据乡村旅游发展实际,将其置于城乡协调发展的整体框架下,旅游驱动乡村治理的积极贡献才能最大地发挥出来.

我国城市更新规划的演进与转型——基于“政府—市场—社会”关系分析框架

政府、市场与社会的关系决定城市更新的策略与走向。借鉴“政府—市场—社会”关系分析框架,以北上广深为例,梳理我国特大城市自21世纪以来城市更新的变迁,阐述其规划响应策略。针对近年来我国城市更新规划策略的转向,分析我国宏观社会经济环境的变化,并就城市更新中的“政府—市场—社会”关系进行解读,随后对城市更新中的战略转向进行探讨。

城市行政区划优化调整的法治逻辑与实践构想

城市是我国经济、政治、文化、社会等方面活动的中心,城市治理现代化是实现国家治理现代化和中国式现代化的重要环节。改革开放以来,政策调控所形成的城市格局已经不能适应当下的城市发展进程以及未来的国家发展战略定位,部分城市的行政区划设置并不完全符合宪法的具体规范与法治化要求。为了满足现代化的城市治理需求,城市行政区划优化调整的法治化已成必然。当前城市行政区划在区划建制、行政区域划分、行政层级设置等方面存在的规范问题,应当以《宪法》为根本依据、以法律为具体支撑,在法治轨道上进行优化调整的实践构想,以期实现行政区划制度体系的完善与城市治理的高效,更好发挥城市的辐射带动作用,实现区域协调和高质量发展。

中国城市设计的治理转向

梳理国内外城市设计理论及实践的发展脉络,剖析中国城市设计发展特征,重新审视“什么是好的城市设计”议题。发现,1978年以来中国城市设计的总体发展呈现“理论本土化和制度体系化不足,且滞后于地方城市设计实践”特征。当前,响应中国城镇化进程的新需求及国家推进治理能力现代化的总要求,中国城市设计已经出现技术性、制度性实践基础上更加重视社会性过程的治理转向,理论视角下更加关注城市设计过程中多元主体之间的协同关系,实践方面则出现了多类型的伴随式城市设计服务创新。本文指出中国城市设计的治理转向有助于彰显城市设计的社会性,理解“好的城市设计”是包含好的城市设计方案、好的城市设计管控和好的城市设计实施的系统性城市空间治理实践,将对中国式城市设计理论和实践产生深刻的影响。

政府数字治理、营商环境与城市创新

文章基于2017—2020年中国272个地级及以上城市的样本数据,运用面板固定效应模型与空间杜宾模型实证分析了政府数字治理对城市创新的影响效果、作用机理和空间溢出效应。研究发现:政府数字治理对城市营商环境与创新产出均具有正向促进作用;政府数字治理可以通过营商环境的间接作用对城市创新产生正向影响;考虑空间效应后,政府数字治理对城市创新的空间溢出效应为正却不显著,表明目前政府数字治理对城市创新发展的正向溢出效应较为有限。

数字孪生城市建设的实践探索及推进建议

建设数字孪生城市是发展数字经济的重要载体,也是推动城市治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要手段,因此探究数字孪生城市建设及运营问题具有重要的现实意义。本文首先对数字孪生城市内涵和运行机理进行全面分析,从整体把握数字孪生城市概貌。其次结合已有实践探索总结出数字孪生城市建设的八大典型领域,并选取北京、上海和深圳等数字孪生先进城市为案例,总结建设思路和实践经验。最后,分析现阶段数字孪生城市建设面临的困难和挑战,并结合实际提出推进建议,为当下数字孪生城市建设提供参考借鉴。