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Study on New Urbanization and Urban Ecological Security Assessment 被引量:1
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作者 Lin Siyu Ma Zhong Shi Lei 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2015年第7期31-34,40,共5页
Taking the relationship between new urbanization and urban ecological security protection as research object, based on pressure -status - response model, taking Gaochun (Gucheng Lake basin) and Zhangjiakou (Guantin... Taking the relationship between new urbanization and urban ecological security protection as research object, based on pressure -status - response model, taking Gaochun (Gucheng Lake basin) and Zhangjiakou (Guanting Reservoir basin) as the examples, basin ecological security in its new urbanization process was evaluated. Based on the principle of comprehensiveness, representativeness and data availability, evaluation indexes were selected, and index system was established. Mathematical function of evaluation indexes was established, and security index of each evaluation indicator in index layer was determined. Using weighted average method, ecological security indexes in the two areas were obtained. On the basis of comparison and analysis, it is proposed that we must deal with urban ecological security problem in new urbanization process, thereby truly achieving ultimate value orientation of new urbanization construction oriented by people. 展开更多
关键词 New urbanization urban ecological security Evaluation index system Gaochun Zhangjiakou China
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Spatial Identification of Urban Ecological Function on the North Slope of Qinling Mountains Based on Ecological Sensitivity—A Case Study in Baoji, China 被引量:1
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作者 Pei Wang Langong Hou Xiaoqin He 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2021年第5期95-117,共23页
Since the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ecological civilization has been the key construction goal in China, which has a profound impact on the process of urbanization. In recent years, with ... Since the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, ecological civilization has been the key construction goal in China, which has a profound impact on the process of urbanization. In recent years, with the rapid development of urbanization and unreasonable land development and utilization, the ecological environment has deteriorated sharply, and the stability of ecological environment has always been a difficult problem in the process of regional development. The spatial division of urban ecological function can be divided into different types of spatial utilization according to the fragile state of ecological environment, which not only guarantees urban construction but also maintains the ecological environment health, and has great economic benefits and ecological value in formulating regional development strategies and ecological protection. In this paper, from four perspectives of “land, water, human and forest”, eight factors affecting ecological sensitivity were selected, and GIS spatial superposition method was used to conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis on the ecological sensitivity of Baoji City, and the evaluation results of single factor ecological sensitivity and comprehensive ecological sensitivity were obtained. The areas with different ecological sensitivity are divided into extremely sensitive areas, highly sensitive areas, moderately sensitive areas, slightly sensitive areas and non-sensitive areas. The research shows that the proportion of extreme, high, moderate, mild and insensitive areas in Baoji City is 7.32%, 10.57%, 22.25%, 42.91% and 16.95% respectively. Finally, the areas with different sensitivity grades are identified as three types of urban ecological function areas: ecological conservation area, ecological coordinated moderate utilization area and ecological suitable construction area, so as to provide scientific theoretical basis for urban construction and land use optimization in Baoji City. 展开更多
关键词 Baoji City Coefficient of Variation Method ecological Sensitivity urban ecological Function Space
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Developing an integrated urban ecological efficiency framework for spatial ecological planning:A case on a tropical mega metropolitan area of the global south
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作者 Manob Das Arijit Das Paulo Pereira 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期298-309,共12页
Rapid urbanization has emerged as one of the most critical challenges to ecological sustainability in urban areas.In developing countries,the degradation of the ecosystem is more prominent due to the lack of urban pla... Rapid urbanization has emerged as one of the most critical challenges to ecological sustainability in urban areas.In developing countries,the degradation of the ecosystem is more prominent due to the lack of urban planning.Thus,it has become urgent for researchers to identify the ecological efficiency(EE)changes imposed by urban expansion and promote sustainable land use planning.This study aims to develop a comprehensive urban ecological efficiency(UEE)framework in the Kolkata Metropolitan Area(KMA),India,from 2000 to 2020.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to develop a remote sensing-based UEE index(UEEI)based on five effective ecological parameters(Greenness,Dryness,Heat,Wetness and vegetation health.A single sensitivity parameter was also calculated to determine the role of a single parameter based on which management strategies can be carried out.The findings showed that(i)there were substantial deteriorations of UEE in the last 20 years.In 2000 the areas with good EE were about 65.5%which declined to 53.72%in 2010 and 20.87%in 2020.The areas with good UEE decreased 68%and 61%from 2000 to 2020 and 2010 to 2020,respectively;(ii)the areas with good UEE were 52%in 2000,while 38%in 2010.Most urban centres(Bhadreshwar,Champdani,Srirampur,Bally,Howrah,Kamarhati,Baranagar,Dum Dum,South Dum Dum,Rajarhat,Bidhannagar)located around the Kolkata megacity are characterized by poor and very poor EE(ranges of 0.60-1.00).Thus,spatiotemporal pattern of UEE could assist to clarify the administrative responsibilities as well as obligations.In addition to this,the UEE framework can help for scientific guidance of urban ecosystem protection and restoration through comprehensive spatial landscape planning. 展开更多
关键词 urban ecological efficiency Kolkata metropolitan area Ecosystem services urban ecological management urbanIZATION
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Exploring the factors affecting urban ecological risk:A case from an Indian mega metropolitan region 被引量:1
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作者 Manob Das Arijit Das Ashis Mandal 《Geoscience Frontiers》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第1期286-297,共12页
Assessment of ecological risk(ER)is a key approach to adapting and mitigating ecological deterioration in cities of developing countries.In developing countries,the ecological landscapes such as vegetation cover,water... Assessment of ecological risk(ER)is a key approach to adapting and mitigating ecological deterioration in cities of developing countries.In developing countries,the ecological landscapes such as vegetation cover,water bodies,and wetlands are highly vulnerable due to rapid urban expansion.Therefore,urban ER(UER)assessment and its drivers are crucial to guide ecological protection as well as restoration.This study aims to explore the spatiotemporal pattern of UER and the impact of urban spatial form on UER in the Kolkata Megacity Region(KMR),India.This study developed a UER index and used spatial regression models across the urban centres.The ER has been assessed at city scale as well as grid-scale(2 km x 2 km and 5 km x 5 km)from 2000 to 2020.The results showed that ER has substantially increased over the last 20 years.The urban centres with very high and high ER substantially increased,i.e.from 21.95%in 2000 to 31.70%in 2020.Kolkata and its surrounding urban centres were mostly characterized by very high and high ER.ER was influenced by spatial variables(such as land use and landscapes pattern).However,remote sensing parameters were weakly related to ER.The spatial lag model(SLM)(R^(2)=0.8686)was found to be better fit model than spatial error model(SEM)(R^(2)=0.8661)and ordinary linear regression model(OLS)(R^(2)=0.8641).Thus,the findings of the study can improve research and a comprehensive framework for urban ecological resources and provide a scientific basis for urban ecosystem planning and restoration.In addition to this,it will guarantee the sustainable utilization of urban ecosystems. 展开更多
关键词 urban ecological risk Kolkata metropolitan area Ecosystem services ecological protection urban form
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Evolution and future of urban ecological science:ecology in,of,and for the city 被引量:10
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作者 Steward T.A.Pickett Mary L.Cadenasso +2 位作者 Daniel L.Childers Mark J.McDonnell Weiqi Zhou 《Ecosystem Health and Sustainability》 SCIE 2016年第7期4-20,共17页
The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem research.Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as an... The contrast between ecology in cities and ecology of cities has emphasized the increasing scope of urban ecosystem research.Ecology in focuses on terrestrial and aquatic patches within cities,suburbs,and exurbs as analogs of non-urban habitats.Urban fabric outside analog patches is considered to be inhospi-table matrix.Ecology of the city differs from ecology in by treating entire urban mosaics as social-ecolog-ical systems.Ecology of urban ecosystems incorporates biological,social,and built components.Originally posed as a metaphor to visualize disciplinary evolution,this paper suggests that the contrast has conceptual,empirical,and methodological contents.That is,the contrast constitutes a disciplinary or“local”paradigm shift.The paradigm change between ecology in and ecology of represents increased complexity,moving from focus on biotic communities to holistic social-ecological systems.A third paradigm,ecology for the city,has emerged due to concern for urban sustainability.While ecology for includes the knowledge generated by both ecology in and ecology of,it considers researchers as a part of the system,and acknowledges that they may help envision and advance the social goals of urban sustainability.Using urban heterogeneity as a key urban feature,the three paradigms are shown to contrast in five important ways:disciplinary focus,the relevant theory of spatial heterogeneity,the technology for representing spatial structure,the resulting classification of urban mosaics,and the nature of application to sustainability.Ecology for the city encourages ecologists to engage with other specialists and urban dwellers to shape a more sustainable urban future. 展开更多
关键词 CITY COMPLEXITY framework INTERDISCIPLINARY PARADIGM social-ecological system spatial heterogeneity Special Feature:An Ecology in of and for the City SUSTAINABILITY urban ecology
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Measurement and influencing factors of urban traffic ecological resilience in developing countries: A case study of 31 Chinese cities 被引量:2
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作者 HU Xiwu SU Yunqing +2 位作者 REN Kefeng SONG Fang XUE Ruixiang 《Regional Sustainability》 2021年第3期211-223,共13页
An urban traffic ecosystem is a spatial structure composed of air,population,vehicles,roads,green spaces,and regions.Traffic ecological resilience is a critical issue in high-quality urban development.From the perspec... An urban traffic ecosystem is a spatial structure composed of air,population,vehicles,roads,green spaces,and regions.Traffic ecological resilience is a critical issue in high-quality urban development.From the perspective of system optimization,it is important to study the level of urban traffic ecological resilience and analyze its influencing factors.In this study,we evaluated traffic ecological resilience,characterized its spatio-temporal differentiation,and explored its influencing factors by constructing a system of urban traffic ecological resilience and by analyzing the environmental protection and urban construction data in 31 Chinese cities during 2011-2018.By conducting Kernel density analysis,standard deviation ellipse,comprehensive weight determination,panel data regression analysis,andχ2test,we found that traffic ecological resilience was low on the whole and exhibited the temporal trend of“decreasing first and then increasing”and the spatial characteristic of“high in the east,second in the middle,and low in the west”.The cities with high traffic ecological resilience density values were located in Southeast China and tended to move from northwest to southeast.Governance capability,market activity,technological innovation capability,opening degree,and financial resources had significant effects on urban traffic ecological resilience.Finally,we gave some suggestions for improving the urban traffic ecological resilience in Chinese cities as well as other developing countries in the world. 展开更多
关键词 urban traffic ecological RESILIENCE Resistant capacity Absorptive capacity Restorative capacity Chinese cities
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Thoughts on the Construction Method of Stock Space Based on the Perspective of Ecological Restoration and Urban Repair 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Xiaojian YAN Yuewen 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2022年第3期17-19,23,共4页
The creation of stock space is an important method for the current urban space renewal.Based on studying the connotations of ecological restoration and urban repair,this paper analyzed the development background and p... The creation of stock space is an important method for the current urban space renewal.Based on studying the connotations of ecological restoration and urban repair,this paper analyzed the development background and practical significance of urban stock space,put forward the methods for the creation of stock space,in order to realize the people-oriented values and the strategic view of sustainable development,and contribute to the future designs of urban stock space in China. 展开更多
关键词 ecological restoration and urban repair Stock space Space creation
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Striving for efficiency,harmony and vitality─A human ecological approach to urban sustainable develo
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作者 Wang Rusong(Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences. Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China)George W. Hinman (Program in Environmental Science and Regional Planning,Washington State Univeroity) 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1994年第2期129-143,共15页
Sustainability can only be assured with a human-ecological understanding of the complexinteractions among environmental,economic and social/cultural factors and with careful planningand management grounded in ecologic... Sustainability can only be assured with a human-ecological understanding of the complexinteractions among environmental,economic and social/cultural factors and with careful planningand management grounded in ecological principles. This paper will probe an integrative methodologyfor achieving environmentally sound, economically productive, and ecologically responsibledevelopment in urban and industrial areas of China through ecological regulation. The central objec-tive is to promote highly efficient resource use rather than high speed development,harmonious sys-tem′s relationship rather than inflexible compartmentalization, and robust and vital self-organizationrather than bureaucrstic control. This ecological order is to be regulated through technological inno-vation,institutional reform, and behavioral incentives that promote positive economic dcvelopmentwhile mitigating negative environmental impacts. 展开更多
关键词 eco-cybernetics ecological planning human ecology urban ecology sustainabledevelopment.
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From landscape urbanism to ecological urbanism:Origin and development
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作者 Lingyun Xu Yuncai Wang 《西部人居环境学刊》 2020年第S01期74-79,共6页
Based on the origin and development of landscape urbanism,with several representative cases,this paper introduces the origin of ecological urbanism,as well as the main concepts and strategies,and then compared the cha... Based on the origin and development of landscape urbanism,with several representative cases,this paper introduces the origin of ecological urbanism,as well as the main concepts and strategies,and then compared the changes from Landscape Urbanism to Ecological Urbanism.At last,this paper discusses its enlightenment on China’s urban construction and landscape development with the focus on the actual situation in China. 展开更多
关键词 LANDSCAPE Landscape urbanism ecological urbanism ENLIGHTENMENT
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Evaluation of Coordinated Development of Urbanization and Ecological Environment in the Efficient Ecological Economic Zone of the Yellow River Delta
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作者 Gu Ruili Wang Linlin 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2018年第3期47-51,共5页
Based on the statistical data of urbanization development level and ecological environment in the Yellow River Delta during 2009-2014,a comprehensive index system for the coordinated development of urbanization and ec... Based on the statistical data of urbanization development level and ecological environment in the Yellow River Delta during 2009-2014,a comprehensive index system for the coordinated development of urbanization and ecological environment was established to evaluate the coordinated development level. The results showed that the coordinated development level of urbanization and ecological environment in the Yellow River Delta was generally high during 2009-2014. The development level of urbanization was higher than that of ecological environment on the whole,that is,the development of ecological environment lagged behind. The development of urbanization in the region was relatively slow during 2009-2011 but rapid during 2012-2014. The development level of ecological environment was relatively stable and always increased. 展开更多
关键词 urbanization ecological environment COORDINATED Development The Yellow River Delta
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Ecological Approaches to Urban Migration of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region
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作者 Mao Yalong Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China 《Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment》 北大核心 2005年第3期53-56,共4页
With the approach of the second water storage of the Three Gorges Project, urban migration has become a great concern. However, being influenced by economical, social or other factors, ecological problems have apparen... With the approach of the second water storage of the Three Gorges Project, urban migration has become a great concern. However, being influenced by economical, social or other factors, ecological problems have apparently become pressing. All these problems are exerting great impact upon the speed and quality of new city’s or town’s construction. By means of ecology, urban ecology, landscape ecology, human settlement science as well as the principle of sustainable development, this paper analyzes the ecological problems in urban migration, and the corresponding approaches in order to promote ecological environment construction of new cities and give an impetus to sustainable development of the whole human settlements in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region. 展开更多
关键词 three Gorges Reservoir Region the ecological problems in urban migration ecocity ecological approaches environmental protection.
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Analysis and Evaluation of the Ecological Restoration of the City with an Emphasis on Urban Metabolism
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作者 Ahmadreza Lotfi Seyed Abdolhadi Daneshpour 《Open Journal of Ecology》 2016年第7期377-386,共10页
It would not be far-fetched to say that people’s lives depend on their environment and its quality. With growing urbanization of this dependence is growing increasingly urban environment. Urbanization not only balanc... It would not be far-fetched to say that people’s lives depend on their environment and its quality. With growing urbanization of this dependence is growing increasingly urban environment. Urbanization not only balances economic and social development in the cities but also stirs the regional ecological imbalances and the natural areas. In addition to these problems, there is disruption of water, air, soil and environment built on imbalances between urban areas and the lack of social vitality and frustration. All cities, especially metropolitan with developing economies face to uncertainty in terms of health, environment and quality of life. This article utilizes the ecological and environmental issues and integrates it with urban metabolism approach to the study’s revival of urban ecology, something that results in enhanced quality of life for citizens. This research is the theoretical and analytical method. In the research process of this study, related domestic and foreign literature subsequently of traditional and electronic library resources, books and articles published in journals have been used. According to the type of research in this study, descriptive analysis was performed. Based on findings of this study, urban ecology is a tool to control and guide of urban growth and activities in a way to improve quality of urban environment. Applying urban ecology in designing cities has provided opportunities to create practical ecological systems. By using them, natural process, human activities and urban environment could be combined. Moreover, urban metabolism as an indicator of urban sustainability and a part of urban ecology includes two main related and non-contra-dictory approaches of odum and MFA. Due to difficulties which modern cities face to, benefiting and applying these approaches seem vital. 展开更多
关键词 urban Sustainable Development ecological urbanism urban Metabolism
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Litter buffet:On the use of trash bins by birds in six boreal urban settlements
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作者 Michelle García-Arroyo Miguel A.Gomez-Martínez Ian MacGregor-Fors 《Avian Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第2期182-190,共9页
Unintentional food resources in urban areas(street litter,food leftovers,overflowing trash bins)are dietary components of some urban-exploiter bird species.In this study,we report on 13 bird species in six southern Fi... Unintentional food resources in urban areas(street litter,food leftovers,overflowing trash bins)are dietary components of some urban-exploiter bird species.In this study,we report on 13 bird species in six southern Finnish cities using urban trash bins and describe differences in their activity when provided with food resources(i.e.,bait)in different bin types.We used generalized linear models(GLM)and classification and regression trees(CART)to test for associations between environmental variables and bird activity at the binscapes.Bird activity at the binscapes significantly differed among all cities and among types of bins and was significantly higher after placing bait in all cases.Bins with the largest opening had more activity as opposed to those with smaller openings or lids.Corvids and gulls had the highest activity,with corvids usually being present before the bait was placed and gulls increasing their activity thereafter.These differences show that trash bin foraging is highly malleable and thus susceptible to management preventing its occurrence.Suitable waste management measures could aid in reducing the number of species close to bins and their surroundings,benefiting both bird and human health. 展开更多
关键词 AVIAN Behavior Binscape Food resources urban ecology
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Urbanization, environmental consequences and management in China
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作者 Lu Yonglong (Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences),Chinese Acaderny of Scieiences,Beijing 100085,China) 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 1995年第1期1-11,共11页
Urbanization,environmentalconsequencesandmanagementinChinaLuYonglong(ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalScien... Urbanization,environmentalconsequencesandmanagementinChinaLuYonglong(ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences),ChineseAcade... 展开更多
关键词 urbanIZATION environmental management urban ecological planning
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Dynamic Analysis on Ecological Infrastructure Quality in Coal-based Cities:A Case Study of Huainan City
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作者 JIANG Benchuan GU Kangkang +1 位作者 ANG Lin WANG Yongzheng 《Journal of Landscape Research》 2017年第2期49-54,共6页
Urban ecological infrastructure is the ecological background of urban sustainable development and is the basic guarantee for the construction of ecological cities. According to the characteristics of the ecological in... Urban ecological infrastructure is the ecological background of urban sustainable development and is the basic guarantee for the construction of ecological cities. According to the characteristics of the ecological infrastructure of coal-based cities, the ecological infrastructure is divided into two subsystems:natural infrastructure subsystem and artificial infrastructure subsystem. According to each subsystem and its main components(such as atmosphere, green space, hydrology, traffic and transportation), 36 indicators were selected to establish the evaluation system. In addition, the evaluation model was established by means of mean square deviation method and composite index method, and a dynamic analysis was carried out on the ecological infrastructure quality of Huainan City in 2006-2015. The results show that the composite index of ecological infrastructure in Huainan City in 2006-2015 remained at the medium level, and the natural infrastructure at the worse and poor levels, while the artificial infrastructure remained at the medium and excellent levels. 展开更多
关键词 urban ecological infrastructure Natural infrastructure Artificial infrastructure Huainan City
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Landscape pattern and its effect on ecosystem functions in Seoul Metropolitan area:Urban ecology on distribution of the naturalized plant species 被引量:5
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作者 Sun-Kee Hong In-Ju Song +1 位作者 Hyun-Ok Kim Eung-Kyong Lee 《Journal of Environmental Sciences》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2003年第2期199-204,共6页
During land transformation process in the human history, naturalized plants were introduced to several land use patterns by the different ways of plant itself. Including some naturalized plants that had been contribut... During land transformation process in the human history, naturalized plants were introduced to several land use patterns by the different ways of plant itself. Including some naturalized plants that had been contribute to land restoration, many naturalized plants have been invaded to original habitat or landscape for native plants. Once the plants were colonized, they extend their area and population size. Urban developed areas often give an important role of source habitat for naturalized plants and expanding their population size. In recent, this situation is appearing as one of environmental problems about the urban landscape management controlling the naturalized plants that invaded in the developed area and conserving the native vegetation. This paper is focusing on relationships between distribution of habitat of naturalized plants and landscape patch in urban area in Seoul. Gangdong-Gu, one of the administrative areas in Seoul was selected for this study. We examined the recent land use change using LANDSAT TM data and spreading of the representative naturalized plants (Robinia pseudoacacia and Eupatorium rugosum) by Seoul Biotope Mapping Project and field survey in 1999. As a result, these two species were often occurred in the same habitat and distributed in forest edge disturbed by man. Their distribution patterns were related to landscape indices (patch size and shape) in the forest edge. 展开更多
关键词 biotope mapping ecosystem management human impact landscape pattern naturalized plants urban ecology
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Abundance of White-fronted Parrots and diet of an urban parrot assemblage(Aves:Psittaciformes)in a green Neotropical city
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作者 CristelAlvarez-Castillo Ian MacGregor-Fors +2 位作者 Stefan LArriaga-Weiss Claudio Mota-Vargas Diego Santiago-Alarcon 《Avian Research》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第1期36-42,共7页
Urban ecosystems are evolutionarily recent novel environments acting as biodiversity filters.Psittacidae birds are considered successful urban adapters mainly due to their generalist feeding and opportunistic behavior... Urban ecosystems are evolutionarily recent novel environments acting as biodiversity filters.Psittacidae birds are considered successful urban adapters mainly due to their generalist feeding and opportunistic behavior,allowing them to occupy environments from cold temperate to dry xeric areas.Therefore,it is important to understand how these species interact in the urban environment.We studied the interannual(2013–2016)abundance of the White-fronted Parrot(Amazona albifrons)in the Neotropical cities of Xalapa and Coatepec,in Central Veracruz,México.Additionally,we studied the feeding ecology during 13 months of 6 parrot species detected in the city of Xalapa.The abundance of the White-fronted Parrot was significantly higher in Xalapa than in Coatepec,and it was homogeneous across years.Non-native plants represented 30–41%of Psittacidae diets in Xalapa,where seeds were the most commonly consumed resource.We recorded the highest Psittacidae species richness and highest diet overlap among species by the end of the dry season(April–May).The White-fronted Parrot had the highest plant richness in its diet,followed by the Monk Parakeet(Myiopsitta monachus)and the Green Parakeet(Psittacara holochlorus);yet,the White-fronted Parrot had a specialized diet dominated by two plant species(Grevillea robusta and Ficus aurea).The diet overlap among the three above-mentioned parrot species was not significantly different to a null model,where the White-fronted Parrot and the Monk Parakeet overlapped during the months of February,April,June,and September.The White-fronted Parrot is an urban adapter that has successfully expanded its geographic range via natural means and by human activities.The invasive Monk Parakeet is currently restricted to one park in Xalapa,and it has remained in that stage for many years(i.e.,pre-expansion phase).Exotic plant species in Xalapa represent∼55%of the woody vegetation,some of which have longer flowering and fruiting periods that may have aided the successful establishment of parrot species in urban environments. 展开更多
关键词 Biological invasions Feeding ecology Population biology PSITTACIDAE urban ecology
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Exotic parrots breeding in urban tree cavities: nesting requirements, geographic distribution, and potential impacts on cavity nesting birds in southeast Florida
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作者 Joshua M.Diamond Michael S.Ross 《Avian Research》 CSCD 2019年第4期459-468,共10页
Background:Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida,including several species that nest in tree cavities.We aimed to determine the species identity,nest site requirements,relative nest... Background:Exotic parrots have established breeding populations in southeast Florida,including several species that nest in tree cavities.We aimed to determine the species identity,nest site requirements,relative nest abundance,geographic distribution,and interactions of parrots with native cavity-nesting bird species.Methods:We searched Miami-Dade County,Florida,and nearby areas for natural cavities and holes excavated by woodpeckers,recording attributes of potential nest trees.We inspected all cavities with an elevated video inspection system to determine occupancy by parrots or other birds.We mapped nearly 4000 citizen science observations of parrots in our study area corresponding to our study period,and used these to construct range maps,comparing them to our nesting observations.Results:Not all parrots reported or observed in our study area were actively breeding.Some parrots were observed at tree cavities,which previous studies have suggested is evidence of reproduction,but our inspections with an elevated video inspection system suggest they never initiated nesting attempts.Several parrot species did successfully nest in tree cavities,Red-masked Parakeets(Psittacara erythrogenys)and Orange-winged Parrots(Amazona amazonica)being the most common(n=7 and 6 nests,respectively).These two parrots had similar nesting requirements,but Orange-winged Parrots use nests with larger entrance holes,which they often enlarge.Geographic analysis of nests combined with citizen science data indicate that parrots are limited to developed areas.The most common parrots were less abundant cavity nesters than the native birds which persist in Miami’s urban areas,and far less abundant than the invasive European Starling(Sturnus vulgaris).Conclusions:Exotic parrots breeding elsewhere in the world have harmed native cavity-nesting birds through interference competition,but competitive interference in southeast Florida is minimized by the urban affinities of parrots in this region.The relative abundance and geographic distribution suggest that these parrots are unlikely to invade adjacent wilderness areas. 展开更多
关键词 Amazona Cavity nest webs Invasive species Parakeets Psittacara urban ecology
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Utilization of human excrement in pre-modern China,its theoretical interpretations and ecological significance
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作者 Xin-Hao Du Yuan-Ming Song +1 位作者 Ji-An Cai Yong-Guan Zhu 《Soil Ecology Letters》 CSCD 2024年第1期1-5,共5页
The use of human excrement as fertilizer is a characteristic of traditional Chinese agriculture..The application of excrement from urban residents in agriculture since the Song Dynasty has ensured the cleanliness and ... The use of human excrement as fertilizer is a characteristic of traditional Chinese agriculture..The application of excrement from urban residents in agriculture since the Song Dynasty has ensured the cleanliness and hygiene of ancientChinesecities.As early as the Ming Dynasty,the Chinese people defined the principle of fertilizing fields with human excrement from the perspective of materialcirculation.The concept Peri-URban ecosystems(PURE)provides inspiration forurban-rural symbiosis regarding circulareconomy.The use of human excrement in fertilization is a major attribute differentiating the Chinese traditional agriculture from the agriculture in other regions around the world.Despite the fact that the exact record showing that human excrement was used as fertilizer in China emerged in the Western Han Dynasty(B.C.202-A.D.8),such records did not become prevalent until the Southern Song Dynasty(A.D.1127-1279).In the Ming and Qing eras(A.D.1368-1912),human excrement was even considered"top-class fertilizerand servedas themost essential fertilizerin farmland fertilization.The importance of human excrement in the Ming and Qing was mainly reflected by farmers'purchase of human excrement from urban areas.As fertilization practices became increasingly popular during the period,men of letters built a localized theoretical system centering on human excrement.Although the use of human excrement had both positive and negative impacts on public health and the ecological environment,the positive overshadowed the negativeas a whole.Today,it is worth pondering on how the utilization of human excrement as an agricultural resource can be improved so that a material cycle system can be rebuilt to re-connect the urban and rural areas. 展开更多
关键词 EXCREMENT FERTILIZER theorization urban and rural ecology public health
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Global urbanization as a shifting context for applying ecological science toward the sustainable city 被引量:6
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作者 Steward T.A.Pickett Weiqi Zhou 《Ecosystem Health and Sustainability》 SCIE 2015年第1期44-59,共16页
There is an abundance of conceptual frameworks relevant to sustainability in urban systems.However,to advance urban ecological science and its application to sustainable urban transformations,key existing frameworks m... There is an abundance of conceptual frameworks relevant to sustainability in urban systems.However,to advance urban ecological science and its application to sustainable urban transformations,key existing frameworks must be synthesized.This paper is a conceptual synthesis cast in essay form in order to encompass a broad range of relevant ideas.It starts from the premise that the familiar models of metropolitan and megalopolitan urban structure,of industrially driven urban development,and of the contrasts between urban and non-urban lands are manifestly inadequate representations of evolving global reality.Such inadequacy is illustrated with examples from the United States and from China.Both the form and the interactions involved in contemporary urbanization and urban change suggest the need for a new integrated framework synthesizing two existing yet still evolving concepts:(1)The urban megaregion framework accommodates the spatial extent,interdigitation of contrasting land uses,and the linked spatial relations between nominally urban and nominally rural areas.(2)The new concept of the continuum of urbanity emphasizes the shifts in livelihood and lifestyle driven by regional and global teleconnections and their joint effects on local environments and landscapes.Together these frameworks suggest a common conceptual structure for addressing urban areas of different ages,sizes,forms,and dynamics in both urbanizing and urbanized areas in developing and developed countries and regions.The synthesis of frameworks points to empirical research needs,and has the potential to better match sustainability plans and actions with the diverse urban forms and dynamics now appearing around the world. 展开更多
关键词 development GLOBALIZATION megaregion sustainable city urban ecology urban theory urbanIZATION
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