Identifying drivers of urban landuse changes in the Wenchuan earthquake- affected area by using night-time light data

To learn the process of urban land evolution before and after an earthquake is vital to formulate the urban reconstruction control policies and recovery measures in the earthquake-stricken areas.However,spatiotemporal evolution and its driving factors of urban land in earthquake-prone areas remains limited due to the scarcity of ground observation data.This research,leveraging night-time light remote sensing imagery and land cover data,conducted a comprehensive analysis of the long-term evolution characteristics of urban land in earthquake-prone areas.It introduced methodologies for assessing the socio-economic impact and the primary natural environmental factors driving urban land evolution in these regions.To validate the proposed methods,the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake-affected area in China was selected as a representative study area.The results indicated that the average Digital Number(DN)values in socio-economically impacted areas showed a trend of rising,falling,and then rising again after the earthquake.DN values in three types of damaged areas including Type Ⅱ,Type Ⅲ,and Type Ⅳ exceeded pre-earthquake levels.The analysis of determinative factors influencing urban land evolution revealed that slope and elevation were key elements in controlling urban land expansion before the earthquake,whereas factors such as slope,elevation,lithology,and faults had a stronger influence on urban land expansion after the earthquake.It can be seen that,in view of the differences in the natural conditions of regions for post-disaster reconstruction,the local government need to actively adjust and adapt to urban spatial planning,so as to leverage the scale effect of large-scale inputs of funds,facilities,human resources and other factors after the disaster,thus enhancing resilience and recovery efficiency in response to disaster impacts.

Understanding Urban Vitality from the Economic and Human Activities Perspective:A Case Study of Chongqing,China

The literature on urban vitality tends to focus on the built environment.This paper argues that some important processes in shaping vitality may be overlooked without examining the intensity and diversity of economic and human activities.Using newly developed spatial big data and adopting the methods of multi-indicator measurement and spatial analysis methods,we analyzed the pattern of urban vitality in Chongqing,a provincial city in western China and,on this basis,evaluated the creation and maintenance of urban vitality from the economic and human activities perspective.Our findings indicate that the impacts of economic and human activities are positive and significant.Among the three intensity and diversity indicators,economic intensity and population density show an effect on urban vitality stronger than that of economic diversity.However,economic diversity has the strongest superposition or interactive effect,and is thus an important foundation dynamic.The positive effect of population density on urban vitality is largely a result of Chongqing’s jobs-housing balance.The case of Chongqing highlights the importance of topographic features,historical inheritance,large-scale migration,and cultural activities in shaping the distinctive vitality pattern of a city.This study contends that the creation and maintenance of urban vitality can not be fully explained without incorporating the impacts of economic and human activities.It contributes to a comprehensive measurement of urban vitality and enriches its connotations.

Improvement of the Vitality of Public Space under the Background of Urban Renewal

As an indispensable part of urban development,urban renewal plays an important role in terms of promoting urban society,economy,culture,etc.,and has a profound impact on the sustainable development of cities and the happiness index of residents.Public space,as an important part of a city,plays a more critical role in urban renewal.The vitality of public space not only reflects the degree of urban cultural inheritance,but also shows the level of urban economic development,so it is an important issue that must be paid attention to in urban renewal work.In this paper,starting from the concept of urban renewal,public space and vitality,the influencing factors and methods of studying the vitality of public space under the background of urban renewal,as well as its advantages and limitations,were discussed,and some strategies for enhancing the vitality of public space under the background of urban renewal were finally put forward.It is expected to provide some reference and practical significance for the research and practice of urban renewal and the enhancement of the vitality of public space.

Impact of human settlements quality on urban vitality based on multisource data:A case study of Shahekou District,Dalian,China

Urban geography has always been concerned about the influence of human settlements on urban vitality,but few studies reveal the influence of human settlements on urban vitality at a micro-scale.This paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of human settlements’quality and urban vitality at the micro-scale using Geodetectors and geographic weighted regression to analyze the relationship between human settlements and urban vitality.The results are shown as follows:there is still a significant development space for human settlements quality in Shahekou District,with obvious spatial dependence characteristics and significant gaps between various systems;the urban vitality of Shahekou District has obvious timeliness,and the urban vitality undergoes significant changes over time,which is related to the human settlements quality.The spatial distribution presents a single core spatial distribution structure with strong relative stability.The spatial distribution of cold and hot spots shows a pattern of“high in the north and low in the south,high in the east and low in the west”,with an increasing trend from southwest to northeast;the reachability of public transport has a significant impact on urban vitality.Its synergy with other variables is the leading force forming the spatial distribution of urban vitality.The environmental system,support system and social system are the significant factors affecting the urban vitality of Shahekou District.

Quantitative Analysis of Spatial Vitality of Urban Built-up Area: A Case Study of Shenzhen

As an important goal of urban design research,the evaluation of urban spatial vitality has been widely concerned.Taking Shenzhen as an example,the urban built-up area of Shenzhen was identifi ed using improved DENsi-Graph analysis,from the perspective of quantifi cation of urban spatial morphological features.The accessibility of urban streets,degree of construction and architectural form,and degree of functional mixing were quantitatively analyzed through space syntax,space matrix and mixeduse index(MXI),and the spatial vitality of urban built-up area was evaluated.Research results demonstrated that the improved Densi-Graph analysis could better identify the built-up area of Shenzhen,and the overall classifi cation accuracy was 0.810.The analysis results of spatial vitality showed that the urban spatial vitality in Shenzhen urban built-up area was well created.The street accessibility of Shenzhen generally hindered the creation of urban vitality;the spatial matrix value in the north of Shenzhen urban built-up area was lower;and the MXI of most areas within the study area was above the medium.

基于社会感知的城市空间活力评价及建成环境影响研究——以苏州古城为例

城市活力是城市空间研究的重要议题,测度城市空间活力特征,识别建成环境影响因素,是提升城市活力的重要抓手。社会感知理论能通过多源大数据提取人群行为活动规律,精准刻画城市空间特征,为空间活力研究提供全新视角,从而有效避免相关研究对于人群活动考虑不足的局限。该文以苏州古城为案例,基于社会感知视角,从场所情感、个体移动、空间交互复合维度构建城市空间活力评价指标体系,分析城市空间活力分布特征,并采用梯度提升决策树(GBDT)模型精准探测人本尺度下建成环境对于城市活力的影响机理。结果表明:(1)苏州古城活力具有明显空间差异,呈现“中心高、四周低”的圈层式递减空间结构特征;(2)建成环境影响因素中土地利用类型混合度、POI密度、POI混合度、街道步行便利度、街道设施丰富度及路网密度与古城活力具有较大关联性;(3)相关建成环境要素与古城活力之间存在显著的非线性关系及阈值效应,并对于空间活力分布格局存在显著的驱动作用。研究结果能为提升苏州古城空间活力及精细化治理水平提供参考。

南京市旧改型菜市场街区活力影响因素分析——以科巷菜市场街区为例

在我国城市更新工作注重基础设施建设的背景下,近年来南京市大力开展菜市场旧改工作,由此诞生了一批活力度较高的菜市场街区。文章选取科巷菜市场街区作为典型案例,通过对热力图、人口构成、业态构成等数据的收集与分析,探索菜市场街区活力的影响因素,最终确定公共交通设施、人口年龄构成和业态构成是影响菜市场街区活力的因素。

电子商务发展能否提升城市创业活力?——基于创业生态系统理论视角

电子商务作为数字经济最重要的组成部分,是提升城市创业活力的重要源泉。基于创业生态系统理论,构建城市-企业创业生态的理论分析框架,运用多期双重差分模型系统研究国家电子商务示范城市建设对创业活力的影响及作用路径。研究结果表明,电子商务发展促进了城市创业活力提升,且该提升效应存在明显的马太效应和产业导向,在东部地区、高行政等级城市、第三产业以及非生产性服务业的促进作用更强。机制分析表明,在城市层面,电子商务发展通过促进人才集聚、吸引风险投资和推动技术创新提升城市创业活力;在企业层面,电子商务发展能够发挥交易成本节约效应、融资约束缓解效应提升城市创业活力。经济后果分析表明,电子商务发展的创业效应能够有效地转化为就业创造效应。研究结论明确了电子商务发展的创业效应,为国家电子商务示范城市政策实施以及实现稳就业提供了经验证据。

Research on Small-Scale Characteristics of Urban Vitality Space Driven by Multi-Source Sentiment Data:With “Xidan The New” and “Beijing Fun” in Beijing as Examples

Against the background of urban regeneration,“reducing quantity and improving quality” has been the core demand for planning and development in Beijing’s central urban areas,which applies to the development of urban vitality spaces of the city as well.In the meantime,in the digital age,users’ sentiment needs for urban spaces continuously increase,making it necessary to consider the sentiment connection between people and the built environment when creating vitality spaces.This study uses two typical examples of urban regeneration vitality spaces in Beijing,“Xidan The New” and “Beijing Fun,” and uses the sentiment connection theory that is based on multiple disciplines as a lever to introduce the thinking,technology,and methods of data science,focusing on the lack of attention to small-scale built environment features in vitality space research.The study integrates the from-top-to-bottom sentiment connection scale data,the qualitative research data,and the from-bottom-to-top big data sentiment analysis to explore the characteristics of small-scale vitality space that can stimulate positive sentiment experiences for users and to bring the discussion of spatial vitality back to the human scale and real three-dimensional spatial experience.In the end,this study summarizes the elements of small-scale spatial vitality and constructs evaluation indicators for sentiment connection to vitality spaces.The goal is to expand and refine the research scope of urban vitality spaces,update corresponding design and evaluation methods,and ensure that the spatial expression of “vitality” truly reflects liveliness and responds to human nature.

The Role and Heterogeneity of Visual Pollution on the Quality of Urban Landscape Using GIS;Case Study: Historical Garden in City of Maraqeh

The urban landscape heterogeneity has been influenced by the visual, unpleasant and unacceptable face of which there is no charm in it. The present study is formed according to visual pollution and its impact on the appearance and vitality of a city. Preliminary studies and theoretical studies led to the hypothesis with the following themes: 1) There is relationship between the pollution, heterogeneity and visual disturbances urban landscape and urban vitality;2) Improving the quality, aesthetics and identity of public spaces will increase urban vitality. Therefore, the design process within the theoretical principles, concepts, television and urban landscape, urban art, visual pollution aspects (color, light, and visual symbol) and the quality of urban vitality and explain causal relationships, analytical framework developed and more samples case (garden historic town of Maraqeh1) and the area under study were selected using GIS. After designing the questionnaire to evaluate the objectives, assumptions and questions of research and its analysis, the results indicate that the relationship between visual pollution and urban vitalitys, as well as proving hypotheses and vitality after the final analysis, model was introduced based on the components of comfort visual editing and proposed at three levels: micro, middle and macro for objectives, strategies and policies to regulate visual pollution and improve the aesthetic quality of the environment and the promotion of vitality.

沿海省份城市发展活力评价及其互动关系研究——以副省级城市为例

以德鲁克社会创新为理论基础,基于城市内三大行为活动主体构建包含人居环境、营商环境、治理环境系统的发展活力评价指标体系,利用多因子分层动态激励模型对2006—2020年我国沿海省份8个副省级城市的发展活力进行评价,运用耦合协调模型和面板向量自回归模型分别测度并分析3个子系统间的耦合协调情况和互动关系。结果表明:(1)各城市的发展活力由高到低依次为广州、深圳、杭州、南京、青岛、宁波、大连、厦门,城市间发展活力综合评价结果两极分化明显,营商环境是影响城市发展活力提升最重要的因素,人居环境次之,治理环境最小。(2)8个城市的耦合协调级别不高,整体处于失调类型。(3)3个系统间相互作用,但其发展水平主要受自身影响。其中,人居环境系统显著受其他两个系统影响;营商环境系统受治理环境系统影响较强;治理环境系统主要依靠自身调节,受其他系统的影响较小。

城市创新创业活力与新兴产业核心技术:空间极化、规模门槛与中介效应

城市新企业、新资本和新发明涌现是孕育新兴产业核心技术的活力源泉,对加快形成新质生产力具有重要意义。利用中国城市面板数据考察创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术的影响及作用机制。研究发现:(1)城市创新创业活力显著促进新兴产业核心技术数量提升,在考虑一系列稳健性检验后结论仍然成立。(2)创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在“边际递增”的城市规模门槛特征,而对邻近城市产生显著的抑制作用,存在“马太效应”和“虹吸效应”。(3)城市创新创业活力对新兴产业核心技术活动的影响存在区域和梯度异质性,不同地理位置和文化区的城市存在显著差异,而资源型城市、智慧城市和创新型城市的分组回归体现了梯度性特征。(4)创新创业活力通过提升城市多样性,特别是专业化部门的多样性程度,促进新兴产业核心技术数量增长。

城乡融合发展背景下浙江省未来乡村建设及其推进机制

在国家乡村振兴、新型城镇化及城乡融合发展战略下,浙江省率先探索未来乡村建设路径,其本质是新时代乡村建设的重要成果。作为浙江省共同富裕现代化创建单元之一,未来乡村重点围绕人本化、生态化、数字化三大价值理念,对乡村九大场景建设营造提出具体要求,并集成共富乡村、美丽乡村、数字乡村、人文乡村、善治乡村于一体。在未来乡村建设实践层面,浙江省通过“地方探索—试点创建—建成提升—全面推广”的实施路径,省市县三级联动的申报创建评价流程体系以及各个政府部门的职责作用,逐步形成“千村引领、万村振兴、全域共富、城乡和美”的乡村建设格局,以全面推动乡村振兴、宜居宜业和美乡村建设和城乡融合发展。

中华古都营城智慧的创新探索——北京老城总体城市设计的实践与思考

北京老城是东方古都的杰出代表,北京向来重视历史文化的传承,但在现代化进程中,古都历史文化保护仍然面临来自社会、经济、城市定位及交通方式变化等诸方面的压力和挑战。针对东方古都的杰出代表——北京老城,设计通过对北京老城东方营城智慧挖掘探索的研究主线,强调中轴线统领作用的“一轴带两翼”总体布局。在保护与发展并重的规划引导下,设计凝练了北京老城何以杰出的营城智慧——山水格局的自然调和、都城规制的礼制大成、理想城市的市井生活,揭示了北京老城历史传承的重大价值。在此基础上,通过传统城市设计与数字化城市设计技术方法的综合运用,设计进一步诠释了北京老城形态构成的内在规律特征,形成了“营城八法”的北京老城空间解析及价值体系,并最终指导了北京老城空间形态及环境的设计营造。

产业多样化与城市经济韧性——三阶段模型与创业活力的调节作用

如何最大限度降低不确定性风险带来的负面影响,增强城市经济韧性,是我国经济由高速增长阶段转向高质量发展阶段面临的重要问题。基于自组织理论,文章以2004—2020年中国282个地级市为样本,创新性地提出产业多样化影响城市经济韧性的三阶段模型,从协调成本效应、知识溢出效应和突破性创新效应等角度出发,探究产业多样化与城市经济韧性的关系以及创业活力的调节作用。结果表明:产业多样化影响城市经济韧性满足三阶段模型的假设,两者存在N型曲线关系,创业活力对城市经济韧性具有正向影响,创业活力负向调节产业多样化与城市经济韧性的N型关系;基于产业相关度的回归发现,相关多样化与城市经济韧性呈现倒U型关系,无关多样化与城市经济韧性呈现U型关系;基于区域异质性的回归发现,产业多样化与城市经济韧性的N型关系在东部地区、沿海城市显著,而在中西部地区和内陆城市不显著。研究提出,地方政府应根据不同产业阶段化变化的特征,灵活调节产业政策,促进产业间协调发展,增强产业多样化对城市经济韧性的积极作用。

基于多源数据的城市活力分布特征及空间治理策略——以广州中心城区为例

提升城市活力的空间治理是推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。以广州中心城区为例,构建“人群—环境”城市活力模型,运用多源数据测度城市活力系统中人群与环境活力的协调程度。研究发现,广州中心城区正面临边缘地段城市活力较低且功能组成较为单一、城市“人群—环境”活力耦合协调度有待提升的问题。基于此,从公共空间营造、边缘地段产业空间活化、完善多层级治理渠道、促进公众参与四个维度针对性地提出面向活力全球城市的广州城市空间治理策略,为建设和提升活力广州提供思路,也为粤港澳大湾区各城市的空间治理提供实践参考。

城乡建设中历史文化遗产保护传承的活态化探索

国家高度重视历史文化遗产的保护传承,研究其在城乡建设中的活态化意义重大。历史文化遗产的价值功用、价值认知是对历史文化遗产活态化的本体。活态化载体是将历史文化遗产融入城乡建设,主要是科学设计保护传承路线和有机融入城市纹理之中。活态化更新方式是将历史文化遗产保护传承融入生产生活,具体途径在于:以“艺”为基,实现物质再造、技艺传承;以“态”为形,增强文娱形式,富足精神;以“融”为要:深度融合文旅,一体发展。活态化创造路径是由理念、动力和重心促进历史文化遗产的保护传承:理念是古为今用,辩证取舍;动力是科技赋能,创新发展;重心是振兴工艺,培育品牌。

信息消费何以赋能城市活力?——基于需求侧和供给侧的双重视角

中国正处于实施城市更新行动与践行人民城市理念的关键时期,信息消费作为重要的新兴消费领域,对满足多样化、高品质的消费需求,提升城市活力、人居品质发挥着重要的作用。本文以国家信息消费试点政策为准自然实验,选取相关统计数据与开源大数据,运用多期双重差分模型实证检验了信息消费赋能城市活力的影响效应。研究结果显示:(1)信息消费试点政策能够提高试点城市的活力水平。这一结论在替换被解释变量、克服内生性问题、排除异质性处理效应与控制国家智慧城市试点政策等一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。(2)信息消费试点政策主要从供需两端推动城市活力提升,需求侧提高消费需求效应,供给侧信息产业集聚、创新促进与信息基础设施建设是影响城市活力的重要途径。(3)信息消费试点政策的城市活力提升效应在行政等级更高、地理区位更具优势、城市规模更大以及经济发展水平更高的城市更为明显。(4)信息消费试点政策对城市活力的提高具有正向空间溢出效应。本文的研究结论为加速释放信息消费潜力,促进信息消费扩容提质,推动城市高质量发展和现代化建设提供了政策依据。

数字普惠金融对城市经济活力的影响研究

城市经济活力是城市高质量发展的重要议题。论文运用2011-2020年中国281个地级市面板数据和固定效应模型实证分析了数字普惠金融对城市经济活力的影响。研究发现:数字普惠金融能够有效提升城市经济活力;数字普惠金融通过缓解企业融资约束和提高区域创新水平以强化城市生产能力,通过保障居民生活水平和增加居民发展机会以激发城市消费潜力,通过促进数字基础设施建设和营造良好营商环境以增强城市投资动力,从而提升城市经济活力。对于城市发展水平高、数字化程度高的城市以及旅游型城市,数字普惠金融提升城市经济活力的效果更加明显。这为政府优化数字普惠金融政策以及提升城市经济活力提供了有益参考。

企业数字化转型与城市经济活力——基于夜间灯光数据的混频回归

以2013—2021年中国沪深A股上市公司为样本,以夜间灯光数据衡量城市经济活力,实证检验企业数字化转型对城市经济活力的影响。研究发现,企业数字化转型对城市经济活力有显著的正向影响,在控制了内生性与稳健性后结论仍然成立,而促进就业、专业化分工与生产效率是其作用渠道,媒体关注度与数字普惠金融是具有正向影响的作用机制。异质性分析发现,高市场集中度的企业数字化转型对城市经济活力的边际影响更强,数字化转型对高城镇化率的城市经济活力的边际影响更强。结合宏观地级市与微观企业数据进行混频回归,丰富了企业数字化转型与城市经济活力的相关研究,在当前“从微观视角研究宏观问题”与“基于宏观背景研究微观问题”的大背景下具有重要的理论与实践意义,有助于政府、企业等相关主体认识到数字化转型的经济后果以及城市经济发展的影响因素,从而更好地实施数字化转型以及促进经济高质量发展。