The built environment faces many challenges in accommodating multi-cultural diversity and migrating from the suburbs, which led to different places being isolated or neglected. Sub-identities established by a specific...The built environment faces many challenges in accommodating multi-cultural diversity and migrating from the suburbs, which led to different places being isolated or neglected. Sub-identities established by a specific group of people become isolated and away from the shared identity that the built environment established for itself. We examine this issue in the Najdi </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">built environment by examining how Najdi locals generated a holistic</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> hierarchical order of specs. This paper argues that the spatial order encouraged locals to develop a shared and agreed mechanism while in parallel, it gave individuals the ability to modify their places without affecting that shared holistic spatial order.展开更多
城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层...城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)的组合赋权法,运用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)构建城市韧性评估模型。以西安市为例,对新城区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、未央区和雁塔区6个区域韧性进行评估。结果表明:抵抗力属性和生态环境维度是影响城市韧性水平的最主要因素;灞桥区韧性水平等级为Ⅲ级,新城区和未央区韧性水平等级为Ⅱ级,碑林区、莲湖区和雁塔区为Ⅰ级。评估结果可为提升城市韧性、降低洪涝灾害风险提供参考。展开更多
研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助...研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)可视化与分析工具,利用标准置信椭圆法对老年人活动空间进行测度,并对其分布特征和群体性差异进行统计分析,基于序次logit模型探究老年人活动空间的影响因素.结果表明,超过一半的老年人活动空间分布在以住址为中心的5 km2范围内,并表现出显著的群体性差异.公园密度、交叉口密度、道路网密度、商场密度、到公交站最近距离、年龄、性别、家庭结构及家庭年收入对老年人的活动空间均有显著影响.展开更多
Classifying and ranking the huge amounts of landscape planning works of urban wetland park is always difficult due to the multi-functions （ecological, leisure, educational and disaster prevention） of the urban wetla...Classifying and ranking the huge amounts of landscape planning works of urban wetland park is always difficult due to the multi-functions （ecological, leisure, educational and disaster prevention） of the urban wetland park. Therefore, an optimizing rank system is urgently needed. Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution （TOPSIS） models were used to rank the planning works of 30 urban wetland park based on four mainly factors, which included landscape ecological planning, landscape planning, ecological planning and economic planning. The study indicated that the AHP- TOPSIS model had good discrimination in the classification and ranking of landscape planning works of urban wetland park and it was also applicable to the planning works of other urban greenbelts.展开更多
为探究城市信号交叉口影响人车冲突严重程度的关键因素,提升交叉口安全管理水平,本文选取典型的城市道路信号交叉口,采用无人机航拍获取交通流视频,基于人工观测和Tracker软件解析处理得到冲突点信息参数与位置分布特征。为量化冲突程度...为探究城市信号交叉口影响人车冲突严重程度的关键因素,提升交叉口安全管理水平,本文选取典型的城市道路信号交叉口,采用无人机航拍获取交通流视频,基于人工观测和Tracker软件解析处理得到冲突点信息参数与位置分布特征。为量化冲突程度,采用后侵入时间、冲突区域车速、潜在碰撞距离作为人车冲突严重程度评价指标,利用K-means聚类算法将过街冲突按严重程度迭代分类,确定人、车、路三方面下的21个解释变量。通过Pearson相关性分析筛选,建立多元有序Logistic模型,并通过ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic)曲线验证得到模型对冲突严重级别的估计分类概率结果AUC(Area Under Curve)为0.971。结果表明:行人与冲突点的距离(0.364)、车辆在冲突点前的趋向(停车让行为-4.22,减速让行为-0.937)、行人是否闯红灯行为(0.818)、机动车道数量(0.29)、行人等待红灯时间长短(0.012)、行人年龄段(-0.869)、行人着装颜色(0.673)是影响人车冲突严重程度的显著因素。本文研究结果能够为行人过街安全的交通策略制定提供一定参考价值。展开更多
基金This study is part of 2007 key project sponsored by the National Social Science Foundation, ＂Paradigm Transformation of Development Ethics and the Historical Construction of ‘Harmonious World＇＂ （07AZX005）.
基金This research is jointly sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation （serial number： 71073108） and the Humanities and Social Sciences Planning Program of the Ministry of Education, China （serial number： 08JA630054）.
文摘The built environment faces many challenges in accommodating multi-cultural diversity and migrating from the suburbs, which led to different places being isolated or neglected. Sub-identities established by a specific group of people become isolated and away from the shared identity that the built environment established for itself. We examine this issue in the Najdi </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">built environment by examining how Najdi locals generated a holistic</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> hierarchical order of specs. This paper argues that the spatial order encouraged locals to develop a shared and agreed mechanism while in parallel, it gave individuals the ability to modify their places without affecting that shared holistic spatial order.
文摘城市暴雨洪涝灾害是目前我国城市最突出的自然灾害。在韧性城市理念的基础上,从抵抗力、适应力和恢复力3大属性及经济、社会、生态环境和基础设施4个维度建立洪涝灾害下城市韧性评估指标体系。为定量评估城市应对洪涝灾害的能力,基于层次分析法(Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP)和CRITIC(Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation)的组合赋权法,运用逼近理想解排序法(Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to the Ideal Solution,TOPSIS)构建城市韧性评估模型。以西安市为例,对新城区、碑林区、莲湖区、灞桥区、未央区和雁塔区6个区域韧性进行评估。结果表明:抵抗力属性和生态环境维度是影响城市韧性水平的最主要因素;灞桥区韧性水平等级为Ⅲ级,新城区和未央区韧性水平等级为Ⅱ级,碑林区、莲湖区和雁塔区为Ⅰ级。评估结果可为提升城市韧性、降低洪涝灾害风险提供参考。
文摘研究老年人的活动空间有助于更好理解老年人的出行行为,对于提高城市交通系统对社会老龄化的适应性,促进交通公平具有重要意义.采用2016年中国昆明市的居民出行调查数据和建成环境数据,对老年人活动空间的测度和影响因素进行研究.借助地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)可视化与分析工具,利用标准置信椭圆法对老年人活动空间进行测度,并对其分布特征和群体性差异进行统计分析,基于序次logit模型探究老年人活动空间的影响因素.结果表明,超过一半的老年人活动空间分布在以住址为中心的5 km2范围内,并表现出显著的群体性差异.公园密度、交叉口密度、道路网密度、商场密度、到公交站最近距离、年龄、性别、家庭结构及家庭年收入对老年人的活动空间均有显著影响.
基金Supported by Henan Major Scientific and Technological Project (102102310246)
文摘Classifying and ranking the huge amounts of landscape planning works of urban wetland park is always difficult due to the multi-functions （ecological, leisure, educational and disaster prevention） of the urban wetland park. Therefore, an optimizing rank system is urgently needed. Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution （TOPSIS） models were used to rank the planning works of 30 urban wetland park based on four mainly factors, which included landscape ecological planning, landscape planning, ecological planning and economic planning. The study indicated that the AHP- TOPSIS model had good discrimination in the classification and ranking of landscape planning works of urban wetland park and it was also applicable to the planning works of other urban greenbelts.
文摘为探究城市信号交叉口影响人车冲突严重程度的关键因素,提升交叉口安全管理水平,本文选取典型的城市道路信号交叉口,采用无人机航拍获取交通流视频,基于人工观测和Tracker软件解析处理得到冲突点信息参数与位置分布特征。为量化冲突程度,采用后侵入时间、冲突区域车速、潜在碰撞距离作为人车冲突严重程度评价指标,利用K-means聚类算法将过街冲突按严重程度迭代分类,确定人、车、路三方面下的21个解释变量。通过Pearson相关性分析筛选,建立多元有序Logistic模型,并通过ROC(Receiver Operating Characteristic)曲线验证得到模型对冲突严重级别的估计分类概率结果AUC(Area Under Curve)为0.971。结果表明:行人与冲突点的距离(0.364)、车辆在冲突点前的趋向(停车让行为-4.22,减速让行为-0.937)、行人是否闯红灯行为(0.818)、机动车道数量(0.29)、行人等待红灯时间长短(0.012)、行人年龄段(-0.869)、行人着装颜色(0.673)是影响人车冲突严重程度的显著因素。本文研究结果能够为行人过街安全的交通策略制定提供一定参考价值。
