Analysis of Influencing Factors on Fruit Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in Beijing

In light of the rapid expansion of China s economy,there has been a notable shift in the consumption patterns of urban and rural residents.This is evident in the increased consumption of agricultural products,with fruit consumption representing a particularly pronounced trend.The 2023 Beijing Consumption Statistics indicate that demand for fruit is increasing,accompanied by heightened competition for quality and brands.The paper is based on research that examines the current situation of fruit consumption among urban and rural residents in Beijing.The results indicate that when urban and rural residents in Beijing purchase fruits,price is the most significant factor influencing fruit consumption.Taste,appearance,and variety are also considered to be important influencing factors,while the influence of factors such as fruit type,consumption pattern,and fruit brand is relatively minor.

An Empirical Study of the Influence of Migrant Workers' Individual Decisions concerning "Change from Rural Residents to Urban Residents" in Chongqing City

This paper,from the city integration perspective,analyzes the main beneficiaries who benefit from the household registration system reform,and studies the influence of individual decisions about the transfer from agriculture to non-agriculture. Based on it,this paper makes an empirical research by using the survey data about migrant workers in Chongqing. The research findings are as follows:( i) The urban employment,the living condition and the rural connection have a significant impact on migrant workers' transfer decision;( ii) If the value of those factors( such as the working stability,the family income,the urban house condition and the urban social security) is higher,then the migrant workers who have no economic interest in rural areas are better able to integrate into the urban areas,therefore the inclination to transfer the household registration from agriculture to non-agriculture will be much stronger. It is proposed that we should do some significant things,such as enhancing the investment of security housing,bringing the migrant workers into the city housing accumulation fund system and giving them prior allocation right,perfecting land elastic exit mechanism,creating a harmonious employment environment,which are important strategies promoting migrant workers to integrate into the urban areas and affecting their individual decision about transferring from agriculture to nonagriculture.

How does the construction of China’s ecological civilization affect the health burden of urban and rural residents?

Accelerating the construction of ecological civilization and promoting the management of health environment problems is one of the core elements of the implementation of the“Beautiful China”and“Healthy China”strategies with Chinese characteristics in the new era.Based on the scientific connotation of ecological civilization,this paper systematically assesses the level of interprovincial ecological civilization construction in China using the combined CRITIC empowerment method and explores the impact of ecological civilization construction on the health burden of urban and rural residents using interprovincial panel data from 2003 to 2018 with the help of panel feasible generalized least squares,simultaneous equation estimation,and the extended regression model.It is found that there is a significant inverted U-shaped relationship between provincial ecological civilization construction and urban and rural residents’economic health burden,as well as a significant U-shaped relationship between ecological civilization construction and urban and rural residents’disease burden.Fiscal decentralization,urbanization,and industrialization are the three important indirect mechanisms through which ecological civilization affects the health burden of urban and rural residents,and fiscal decentralization plays a typical role in crowding out the health effect of ecological civilization.In the eastern and central regions,ecological civilization construction has effectively reduced the health burden of urban and rural residents,but it is more significant for improving the economic health burden of rural residents.While the“catching-up trend”of the progress of ecological civilization construction in the western region is obvious,ecological civilization plays an important role in alleviating the economic health burden of urban residents.After the robustness test,the conclusion still holds.This study provides an important empirical basis for local governments to improve the accuracy of their policies in promoting the“Beautiful China”and“Healthy China”strategies.

Empirical Analysis of Binary Logistic Model for the Influencing Factors of the Chinese Urban and Rural Residents' Woolen Products Consumption—Based on Questionnaires of 513 Urban and Rural Residents in 16 Provinces

Consumption of woolen products is the last link of wool industry chain,and it concerns whether the value of woolen products can be realized smoothly. Based on 513 questionnaires, it uses descriptive statistical analysis and binary logistic model to analyze the consumption and influencing factors of woolen products. The results indicated that residents in the middle region were more inclined to purchase woolen sweater compared to the residents in the east region. Urban residents were more inclined to purchase woolen sweater compared to the rural residents. Personal income,satisfaction degree of quality, and style have significant positive impact on whether residents purchase woolen sweater, and purchasing quantity of cotton sweater has significant negative impact on whether residents purchase woolen sweater.

The Characteristics,Structure and Trend of the Chinese Urban and Rural Residents' Clothing Consumption

As one of the necessities of life,clothing is on the important position in the daily life of urban and rural residents. Firstly,the paper carries out the descriptive statistical analysis about clothing consumption expenditures of urban and rural residents; secondly,based on questionnaires of 543 urban and rural residents in 16 provinces,this paper analyses structure and trend of urban and rural residents' clothing consumption. The results show that per capita clothing consumption expenditure of urban and rural residents present growth on the whole,but the gap between the two is gradually expanding; clothing consumption expenditure have differences in different regions; the differences of different income levels are also obvious; urban and rural residents' clothing consumption structure tends to be more diversified,cotton goods and chemical fiber goods is the main variety of clothing consumption,including down feather,cotton and chemical fiber is the main variety of coat,and cotton,chemical fiber and wool is the main variety of suit and knitwear; cotton goods,down goods and woolen goods will be the fiber goods that urban and rural residents buy more in the future; clothing consumption demand will pursue for band,comfort and personality; female residents will still be the main force of clothing consumption. Finally,the paper puts forward some recommendations on the basis of analysis results.

Empirical Study on Effects of Different Types of Urbanization on Consumption Structure of Rural Residents in China

In the process of urbanization,there are problems of decline in rural population,shrinkage of rural area,and constant increase in the per-capita net income of rural residents. These problems have brought about new characteristics and changes to the consumption structure of rural residents. This paper divided the urbanization into population urbanization,industrial urbanization and land urbanization. Using the panel data of 31 provinces in 2004-2013,it established the dynamic panel model and analyzed the effects of different types of urbanization on the consumption structure of rural residents. Results indicated that population urbanization exerts a negative effect on development-oriented consumption expenditure of rural residents,while it exerts a positive effect on enjoyment consumption expenditure; the industrial urbanization exerts a negative effect on the consumption expenditure of rural residents,while it exerts a positive effect on clothing and transportation communication consumption of rural residents; land urbanization exerts a negative effect on medical care expenditure in enjoyment consumption of rural residents. In view of these problems,it came up with recommendations,including stimulating the development of rural consumer market,liberating the consumption potentiality of rural areas,making clear emphasis points of different types of urbanization,avoiding promoting the urbanization in a blind manner,and adjusting the development of different types of urbanization on the basis of the consumption demands of rural residents.

Comparative Research on Prediction Model of China's Urban-rural Residents' Income Gap

By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents' income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14 173.20,15 212.92 and 16 289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents' income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.

Empirical Analysis of the Role of Urbanization in Driving the Growth of Rural Residents' Consumption

Urbanization is a powerful engine for the growth of rural residents' consumption in China.This paper selects the cross-sectional data concerning 31 provinces( municipalities) in China during 2005-2012,and builds the panel data model of influence of urbanization on rural residents' consumption in China for empirical analysis.The results show that there is a significant positive correlation between urbanization and rural residents' consumption level.From the mechanism,urbanization drives the growth of rural residents' consumption by improving rural residents' income level and changing rural residents' consumption concept.However,the uncertainties of rural residents' income inhibit the growth of rural residents' consumption.Therefore,it is necessary to accelerate the development of urbanization,broaden farmers' income channels,improve the consumer environment and accelerate the reform of the household registration system to further activate the rural consumer market.

Comparative Analysis of Urban-rural Residents' Propensity to Consume in China's Four Regions

According to the data in China Statistical Yearbook from 1992 to 2008,by using regression model,we adopt least square method and generalized least square method to conduct empirical analysis on the relationship between urban-rural residents' income and consumption in China's east,northeast,central region and west.The results show that the urban-rural residents' propensity to consume in China's four regions has prominent characteristics.In terms of region,urban residents' marginal propensity to consume takes on irregular fluctuation,while the rural residents' propensity to consume conforms to law of diminishing of marginal propensity to consume;in terms of time sequence,the rural residents' marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions takes on "multi-U-form" fluctuation trend,and the rural residents' marginal propensity to consume in different regions has certain difference,while the urban residents' marginal propensity to consume takes on low-frequency broad width fluctuation trend;the urban-rural residents' average marginal propensity to consume in China's four regions conforms to the law of diminishing.In order to increase consumption and promote the balanced rapid development of regional economy,in light of the urban-rural difference and characteristics of different regions,we should propound effective measures to promote urban-rural residents' propensity to consume,and formulate and implement regional policy in order to stimulate consumption.

Per Capita Monthly Income of Urban and Rural Residents

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The Approaches to Narrowing Urban-Rural Income Gap——From the Perspective of Rural Social Security

From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social economy:firstly,it hampers economic development;secondly,it is detrimental to the social development.Then the thesis analyzes the role of a sound social security in narrowing urban-rural income gap:at first,it broadens the institutional environment of improving the agricultural efficiency;secondly,it eliminates the uncertainties influencing the farmers' income;thirdly,it improves the farmers' capacity to increase income;at last,it enhances the farmers' consciousness of wealth.Next the thesis inquires into the problems existing in the system of rural social security:the first problem is more obviously fragmented system;the second is inadequate security projects and narrower coverage;the third is an obvious lack of equality in urban and rural security;the fourth is even less sound management system;the last is the lagging of legislation.Afterwards the thesis proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the system of rural social security and narrow urban-rural income gap:firstly,to integrate the social security system in rural areas;secondly,to perfect security projects and enhance the security system;thirdly,to integrate the administrative management of social security;at last,to enforce the legal system.

Empirical Analysis of Urban Residents' Perceived Climatic Change Risks

The impact of climate change on human survival and security,urban development is even more profound,and receives more and more attention. To explore the perceived status of urban residents for the risks of climate change and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions,taking Wuhan for example,from the microscopic point of urban residents,we use factor analysis to classify the perceived risks and recognized risk reduction measures,use cluster analysis to divide the urban residents into five groups,and use variance analysis to explore differences in the choice of measures between different cluster groups. We draw the following conclusions: the risk of deterioration of the ecological environment,the risk of economic damage,the risk of damage to the mental health,the risk of damage to the physical health and the risk of damage to the political harmony are the main risks of climate change for urban residents; individuals and families to develop good habits,businesses and governments to strengthen energy conservation,schools and other agencies to carry on the propaganda and education,carrying out multi-agent environment improvement,learn from the West are their recognized risk reduction measures. Depending on the perceived risk,the urban residents are clustered into five groups: those who are concerned about the body and politics,those who are concerned about the mental health,those who are concerned about the economic development,those who are concerned about the ecological safety,and those who ignore the climatic change. For the roles of individual and the family,business and government in the environmental protection,different groups have unanimous views,while for other measures,different groups have different understanding. It is concluded that individuals and families to develop environmentally friendly habits,government to strengthen regulation,businesses to take environmental responsibility,schools to strengthen publicity and education,and exploring the multi-agent participation,are the key to solving the problem.

Dynamic Changes in Per Capita Net Income of Rural Residents in Nyingchi City of Tibet

Through an in-depth analysis of the per capita net income of rural residents in Nyingchi City,it was known that the per capita net income of rural residents in Nyingchi City was increasing at high speed in recent 10 years. However,the wage income,household operating income,and agricultural income gap constitute the major factors influencing the gap of the per capita net income of rural residents in Nyingchi City. Finally,it came up with recommendations including promoting the reasonable flow of labor to the secondary and tertiary industries,increasing the wage income and transfer income of rural residents,accelerating the construction of small towns in rural areas,promoting the development of rural cooperatives,implementing the strategy of " benefiting farmers and strengthening tourism",promoting integration of agriculture and eco-tourism,promoting the development of modern agriculture,and expanding diversified production income of farmers.

Empirical Study of China's Rural Consumption Function from the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Development

From the perspective of balancing urban and rural development,this article researches the factors influencing the consumption level of rural residents in China.I select the relevant data concerning per capita net income of rural households and annual per capita consumer spending of rural residents for living in the period 1985-2008,establish the regression model of per capita net income of rural households and per capita consumer spending of rural residents for living,and conduct regression analysis and error correction model test using the measurement software.The analysis results show that there is not only long-term equilibrium relationship between rural residents' current consumption and rural residents' current income,between rural residents' consumption in lag period 1 and rural residents' income in lag period 1,but also short-term equilibrium relationship;current income is the main reason for determining the current consumption).Corresponding proposals are put forward to promote the level of rural consumption in China as follows:propel agricultural modernization;actively develop specialized cooperative organizations of rural residents;improve rural land transfer mechanism;promote the level of public services in rural areas;accelerate the transfer of rural surplus labor.

Co-integration Analysis of the Effect of Population Urbanization on Urban-rural Income Gap in Jiangxi Province

This paper selects related data on the urbanization and the incomes of urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province from 2000 to 2014, applies the theory of co-integration by Eviews Software, meanwhile, studies and analyzes the population urbanization and the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province through establishing an index system. Results： There is a cause-and-effect relationship, as well as duality, between the urban-rural income gap and the level of population urbanization in Jiangxi Province. With continuous promotion of the urbanization course in 1990-2014, the income gap between urban and rural residents in Jiangxi Province presents a phenomenon of expanding first, narrowing second and expanding again.

An Empirical Study of the Relationship between the Fixed Assets Investment and Urban-rural Income Gap during the Transition Period

As the gap in income between urban and rural residents bigger and bigger,based on the data from 1978 to 2007,this paper makes an empirical study of the dynamic relation between the fixed assets investment and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. The outcome from the study indicates a long-term balance exists between the investment rate of the fixed assets and the difference in income between urban and rural residents. A short-term deviation from the balance can be adjusted through long time. To a certain extent,city-oriented fixed assets investment policy is the main cause of the big gap in income between urban and rural residents. The big gap in income between urban and rural residents in turn reinforces their social status,thus further strengthening the city-oriented instead of countryside-oriented fixed assets investment policy. Based on that,this paper puts forward some suggestions on adjusting the fixed assets investment policy so as to shorten the difference in income between urban and rural residents and realize the goal of harmonious development between city and countryside.

2021年我国城乡居民健康素养水平及其影响因素研究

目的分析2021年我国城乡居民健康素养水平及其影响因素,为今后开展健康教育干预工作、制定相关卫生健康政策提供科学依据。方法2021年1—10月,采用多阶段分层整群概率抽样方法抽取全国15~69岁城乡居民进行问卷调查。采用二元Logistic回归模型分析影响居民健康素养水平的主要因素。结果经加权调整后,2021年城市居民和农村居民健康素养水平分别为30.70%和22.02%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:城市居民方面,以西部地区为参照,东部地区居民健康素养水平的OR值为1.372(95%CI:1.244~1.512);以15~24岁年龄段为参照,35~44岁年龄段居民健康素养水平的OR值为1.367(95%CI:1.140~1.640),65~69岁年龄段居民健康素养水平OR值为0.687(95%CI:0.553~0.854);以小学及以下文化程度为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度居民健康素养水平的OR值分别为1.849(95%CI:1.581~2.163)、3.471(95%CI:2.958~4.073)、7.564(95%CI:6.472~8.841)。农村居民方面,以西部地区为参照,东、中部地区居民健康素养水平OR值分别为1.595(95%CI:1.434~1.774)、1.587(95%CI:1.374~1.833);以15~24岁年龄段为参照,35~44岁年龄段居民健康素养水平OR值为1.546(95%CI:1.234~1.936),65~69岁年龄段居民健康素养水平的OR值为0.770(95%CI:0.598~0.993);以小学及以下文化程度为参照,初中、高中/职高/中专、大专及以上文化程度居民健康素养水平OR值分别为2.390(95%CI:2.139~2.669)、5.235(95%CI:4.548~6.025)、12.816(95%CI:10.926~15.033)。结论2021年我国城乡居民的健康素养水平均有进一步提升,但仍有较大上升空间,不同地区、年龄和文化程度对城乡居民健康素养的影响程度不同。

空气质量改善能缩小城乡居民消费差距吗?——兼论绿色发展对共同富裕的促进作用

厘清空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用,有助于理解中国式现代化进程中绿色发展与共同富裕目标的协同推进。从医疗和防御性支出、规避行为以及劳动生产率等视角阐释了空气质量影响城乡居民消费差距的理论机制,并使用2005—2020年中国省际面板数据对其影响作用进行了实证检验。研究发现:空气质量改善会显著缩小城乡居民消费差距,这一结论在使用逆温天数作为工具变量进行内生性处理,以及更换空气污染物指标、考虑空间自相关等方式进行稳健性检验后依然成立;该作用通过缩小城乡居民消费倾向差距以及城乡居民收入差距两条渠道产生;此外,空气质量对城乡居民消费差距的影响作用还存在空间溢出效应。研究结果表明,推动绿色发展改善空气质量,能够缩小城乡居民消费差距,从而助力共同富裕目标的实现。

实现共同富裕的一个路径探索:人力资本的增长与平衡效应检验

共同富裕是我国新发展阶段的一个远景目标,“富裕”和“共享”是实现共同富裕的关键。构造一个反映人力资本与城乡居民收入差距关系的理论模型,并基于经验证据检验人力资本通过增长效应和平衡效应推动“富裕”和“共享”,进而促进共同富裕的作用。研究发现,人力资本提升既有利于“蛋糕”做大,又能有效促进“蛋糕”更好地分配,显著提升了城乡居民可支配收入水平,且对农村居民收入的提升力度大于城镇居民,成为缩小城乡居民收入差距的关键变量,推动了“富裕”和“共享”目标的实现;中介效应检验证实了人力资本通过促进农村高技能劳动力流向城镇,间接推动城乡居民收入增长和差距缩小,从而实现其增长与平衡效应;分样本回归结果显示,人力资本的平衡效应在低收入省份更加明显,而在高收入省份不显著。

“城乡两栖”视角下农村宅基地“三权分置”问题研究

“三权分置”改革有助于化解“城乡两栖”背景下宅基地的制度困境。在我国城镇化进程和乡村振兴过程中,城乡人口双向流动以及异地居住的“城乡两栖”现象日益明显。人口迁居带来了宅基地及其地上房屋所承载的居住功能弱化,而它们的财产功能和社会情感功能则逐渐增强。总体来看,现有部分制度抑制了宅基地的产权权能开发和资产价值挖掘,造成了闲置、低效利用与隐性流转共存的困局,需要合理推进“三权分置”改革。宅基地“三权分置”改革受到乡村治理机制不完善、产权边界不清晰、农民宅基地权属观念模糊等因素掣肘,面临所有权主体虚置、过度“资本化”等诸多问题,阻碍了相关体制机制创新。为此,“三权分置”改革需要清晰界定“三权”边界,明确宅基地的法权属性,在保障农户资格权的基础上适度拓展宅基地使用权,推动实现宅基地的财产价值;引入市场机制多元盘活闲置宅基地,进而提高土地资源利用效率。