Overall Planning of Development of Urban-Rural Areas:A Policy Mechanism for Urban-Rural Coordinated Growth

While analyzing overall planning and coordinated development of urban-rural areas, this paper shows that overall planning for the development of urban-rural areas is a requirement for the best use of productive forces. It means the setting up of a policy mechanism for coordinated growth. Recognizing this, the government should set up a way to lead and manage a unified program to increase service and decrease controlling administration power, while safeguarding and fulfilling the farmers' ownership to the means of production.

Development of suburb farm landscape in the process of urban-rural overall planning from the perspective of ecological economics:a case study of Chengdu City

With the accelerating development of Chinese urbanization and the widening gap between rural and urban areas,urban-rural overall planning is to be an inevitable choice for economic and social development.However,the specific patterns and methods in urban-rural overall planning are greatly different.From the persperctive of ecological economy,taking the main physical and biological pattern of the farmland as research objects,this paper analyzes the components and characteristics of farm landscape,the relationship between farm landscape exploitation and rural tourism,and the role of farm landscape exploitation in planning urban and rural development.It expatiates on the pattern,method and principle of farm landscape development.Furthermore,based on the actual development case,this paper explores how to make high-grade tourism products with scientific and reasonable farm landscape development method,how to increase peasant income,how to improve urban and rural ecological economic environment,so as to promote urban-rural overall planning.

An Intelligent Master Model of Computer Aided Process Planning for Large Complicated Stampings

Process planning for large complicated stampings is more complicated, illegible and multiform than that for common stampings. In this paper, an intelligent master model of computer aided process planning （CAPP） for large complicated stampings has been developed based on knowledge based engineering （KBE） and feature technology. This innovative model consists of knowledge base （KB）, process control structure （PCS）, process information model （PIM）, multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO）, model link environment （MLE） and simulation engine （SE）, to realize process planning, optimization, simulation and management integrated to complete intelligent CAPP system. In this model, KBE provides knowledge base, open architecture and knowledge reuse ability to deal with the multi-domain and multi-expression of process knowledge, and forms an integrated environment. With PIM, all the knowledge consisting of objects, constraints, cxtmricncc and decision-makings is carried by object-oriented method dynamically for knowledge-reasoning. PCS makes dynamical knowledge modified and updated timely and accordingly. MLE provides scv. cral methods to make CAPP sysmm associated and integrated. SE provides a programmable mechanism to interpret simulation course and result. Meanwhile, collaborative optimization, one method of MDO, is imported to deal with the optimization distributed for multiple purposes. All these make CAPP sysmm integrated and open to other systems, such as dic design and manufacturing system.

Augmented planning support system framework for mountainous urban master planning

As a reflection of the relationship between human and mountainous environment, urban planning has an impact on the mountainous environment by changing the topography, landform and spatial layout. A good urban planning can mitigate and adapt to the mountainous environmental impact. Urban master planning involves the interrelationships and interactions of various components of urban complex systems. Planning Support System(PSS), as a technical means to assist planning decision-making, is mostly based on the construction mode of "user(stakeholder)-system". Its strong professional characteristics are not conducive to the consensus of diverse stakeholders on urban planning. The aim of this paper is therefore to build an augmented planning support system framework that is based on complex adaptive system theory, this framework is ontology-driven, and thus will enable the generation of a planning support prototype system for mountainous urban master planning founded on this framework. The framework fuses the urban planning ontology and the planning support system together, which helps different urban agents to reach a consensus based on a common understanding of urban planning. The defect is that the construction of the urban planning ontology is still manually constructed. The approach advocated here will enable a common understanding of mountainous urban master planning, support efficient and flexible decision in this area, and provide reference framework for future mountainous urban master PSS developments and application. The PSS prototype developed based on augmented planning support system framework has been applied to the urban master planning of Changting County in Fujian Province, China. Through the application of multiscenario analysis, urban agents can deepen their understanding of the current situation and future development of the city, and ultimately helps to promote urban planning decisions and implementation.

Exploring the Gaps between Master's Degree Holders' Competence and Industrial Demands in Urban and Rural Planning: Senior Field Engineers' Observations and Reflexive Narrative

This paper examines the academic-work gap in terms of performance reality and performance expectations by expanding on the cultivation model of Master's students in the university context and the most recent industry requirements for talents'competence.The subjects of this paper are Master's degree holders,both academic and professional.The paper examines common issues encountered by enterprise professionals when employing Master's degree holders and proposes a university-enterprise joint cultivation model to achieve win-win outcomes for both higher education institutions and businesses.

新加坡教育信息化新战略述评——以Master Plan 4为蓝本

2015年,新加坡教育部推出第四个教育信息化发展规划——Master Plan 4,它对教育信息化愿景、目标和实施策略的描述既与前三个教育信息化规划一脉相承,同时又有很大的改进。文章梳理了Master Plan 4提出的背景,并从愿景、目标和实施策略等三个方面分析了其具体内容,最后提出了促进我国教育信息化发展的相关建议,以期对我国教育信息化的发展有所启示。

Changing Concepts of City and Urban Planning Practices in Guangzhou(1949–2010): An Approach to Sustainable Urban Development

By focusing on Guangzhou, this paper examines how different concepts of city in terms of urban-rural relationships are shaped in transforming China since 1949, and explores how they influence the way in which urban planning are practiced. In the pre-reform era, the city was defined as a productive space under the system of urban-rural segregation established for securing rapid industrialization. Urban planning was thus only concerned with the development of urban areas. In the 1980 s and 1990 s after the reform, institutional change and economic transformation mobilized the urban-rural linkages. The development of suburban areas was then considered by urban planning, but this consideration was a passive response to urban problems such as population explosion and water resources protection. Since the new millennium, the agenda for sustainable development and problems of uneven urban-rural development have called for the development of urban-rural integration. In this context, the city is conceptualized as a complex of mountain, city, river, farmland and sea, reconstructing the ideology of urban-rural division in defining urban development. Urban planning has therefore sought in an active way to develop a sustainable city embracing rural and natural elements, and to balance economic growth and environmental protection. It is argued that developing the concept of city as a complex of urban and rural elements contributes to the urban planning for sustainable urban development, while this conceptualization relies on the recognition of the integrated urban-rural relationship.

Underground space planning in Helsinki

This paper gives insight into the use of underground space in Helsinki,Finland.The city has an underground master plan(UMP) for its whole municipal area,not only for certain parts of the city.Further,the decision-making history of the UMP is described step-by-step.Some examples of underground space use in other cities are also given.The focus of this paper is on the sustainability issues related to urban underground space use,including its contribution to an environmentally sustainable and aesthetically acceptable landscape,anticipated structural longevity and maintaining the opportunity for urban development by future generations.Underground planning enhances overall safety and economy efficiency.The need for underground space use in city areas has grown rapidly since the 21 st century;at the same time,the necessity to control construction work has also increased.The UMP of Helsinki reserves designated space for public and private utilities in various underground areas of bedrock over the long term.The plan also provides the framework for managing and controlling the city’s underground construction work and allows suitable locations to be allocated for underground facilities.Tampere,the third most populated city in Finland and the biggest inland city in the Nordic countries,is also a good example of a city that is taking steps to utilise underground resources.Oulu,the capital city of northern Finland,has also started to ‘go underground’.An example of the possibility to combine two cities by an 80-km subsea tunnel is also discussed.A new fixed link would generate huge potential for the capital areas of Finland and Estonia to become a real Helsinki-Tallinn twin city.

Study on Low-carbon City Planning Strategies Based on Urban Greenhouse Gas Inventory

From the perspective of urban greenhouse gas inventory, this paper analyzed the composition and tendency of urban greenhouse gas inventory of Guangzhou, and compared greenhouse gas inventory of representative international cities. Taking Guangzhou Haizhu Eco-city for example, this paper from the perspective of urban-rural planning put forward the low-carbon development paths and strategies such as increasing carbon sink, industrial transformation, spatial restructuring, traffic organization, green civil engineering and resource utilization, and green building for the main carbon-emitting fields such as industry, energy supply, transport, building and waste disposal.

A Novel CAPP System Based on SML for Variant Design of Process Planning

The production model of“multi-specification and low-quantity”is becoming the main trend of manufacturing industry.As a key activity in the manufacturing chain,traditional computer aided process planning(CAPP)system fails to adapt to the production model of customization.Therefore,a novel method for variant design of process planning was proposed to develop CAPP system based on Tabular Layouts of Article Characteristics(Sach-Merk Leisten in German and SML for short). With the support of standard database of master process planning documents which are developed by parameterization technique, and instance process planning for special product(instance product)can be generated automatically by the sub-system of variant de- sign of process planning.Finally,a CAPP system was developed for process design of rotor of steam turbine to validate the feasibil- ity and applicability of the method.

A Bicycle Tourism Based Study on Planning and Designing of Urbanrural Recreational Greenway--A Case Study of Harbin City

The types of urban-rural recreational greenways were summarized,based on bicycle tourism and their planning methodology was explored.Taking the urban and rural areas of Harbin City as the research objects,the current situation of urban-rural recreational greenway environment and tourism resources was investigated and the evaluation system of bicycle tourism resources was established and tourism resources were evaluated according to the AHP-fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to select suitable resources for bicycle tourism.Through the ArcGIS software,the currently available resources(rivers,wetlands,transportations and urban-layout)and suitable bicycle tourism resources were superimposed,and the spatial pattern planning and classification planning of urban-rural recreational greenway based on bicycle tourism were carried out.To the end,insights for the development of urbanrural recreational greenway in the future were provided.

Master Plan of Characteristic Towns from Universal Viewpoint:A Case study of Guzhu Town

Characteristic town has became an important carrier for urban-mral integration. Based on the multiple compounding of the charactemtic town planning, it is significant to combine tiie universal viewpoint widi traditional small town planning. This paper by combining with “universaT viewpoint introduced the transformation of traditional small town planning in theory and practice, and combed the planning stategies from the 4 a^ects of “all level”,“all space”, “all element^,and “all dimension”. Based on the master plan of Guzhu Town in Heyuan, specific strategies were put forward from the 6 dimensions of resoutce analysis, spatial layout, industtiai construction, traffic connection, ecological control and system update, to provide references for the planning of characteristic towns.

Land-Use Planning Guidelines for Optimal Coastal Environmental Management

The objective of this study is to weigh and recommend environmentally-optimal regional land-use planning guidelines for coastal regions. The present malaise is assessed, as regards inefficiencies, non-suitability, non-sustainability, enhancing factors of environmental degradation, and potentially destructive consequences of current land-use alteration. Desired situations and goals are considered, and means are proposed for bridging the gap between the present malaise and a desired situation, based on five key approaches developed by the authors. Specific examples of regional approaches are presented. Guidelines and operational measures for sound regional planning the authors have employed in similar circumstances are recommended.

Correction of the Production Master Plan According to Preventive Maintenance Constraints and Equipments Degradation State

In this paper, we tried to formulate the interdependences of the systematic maintenance policies and the choice of a production master plan. We started from the intuitive relation between the time of production and the degradation state of the equipment to mathematically formulate the problematic and thus to build the objective space function and feasible solution set of this multiobjective problematic. The solutions set could after be presented to the decision maker to choose one, or more of these solutions, in order to manage and control the maintenance and production policies at the same time.

Thematic Planning of Urban Sculpture Systems:A Case Study of Red Sculpture System Planning in Yan’an

The practice of sculpture system planning has been gradually carried out,but the cultural lag has caused many historical and cultural cities to fail to show their red style.This paper explores the key points of urban sculpture system planning.Taking the sculpture system planning of Yan’an as an example,the urban master plan is understood,and the layout and zoning of the sculpture system is planned combined with the current situation.Finally,enlightenments for urban sculpture planning are drawn:basing on the current situation,focusing on the characteristics of the city,distinct systematic hierarchy,drawing on the experience of famous sculpture cities and catering to public preferences,with a view to continuing the spirit of the red era and providing a useful reference for future urban planning and scientifi c development.

Accessibility and Integration Study of Part of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan by Using Space Syntax

This paper studies the accessibility of open spaces and facilities and the integration of streets to the whole urban system of the Emirati neighbourhood of the Business District of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan. For this purpose, axial lines were produced by applying space syntax theory, Depthmap software. The research aims to verify the location of open spaces and facilities, such as schools, in relation to the location of public transportation stops （bus, metro and tram）, in order to check their accessibility within walking distances. The objective is to pay attention to the relationship between land use and transportation in the planning phase for future interventions or proposals, in other words, to improve the accessibility of public spaces or buildings by pedestrians in order to comply with the vision of the Abu Dhabi 2030 Master Plan and its promotion of walkability and cycling. Although many measures will be taken at the scale of urban design to provide shaded open spaces and sidewalks, saving pedestrians from walking long distances shall be done in the planning phase, the challenge remains to create a micro climate to increase the ease of walking in the heat and decrease dependence on cars for mobility.

广州国土空间总体规划—详细规划传导路径的优化思考

梳理广州不同阶段总体规划—详细规划传导体系的演变,结合国土空间规划改革实践,认为规划传导体系需适应超大城市治理逻辑,从技术与行政闭合、保护与开发并进、规划与规则关联、精准与灵活协同的视角出发,着重优化5类管控要素的传导路径:一是指标传导,需加强不同空间尺度的指标转译工作,注重指标传导与实施监测过程的协同;二是公益性要素传导,宜以“定界”“定位”“定量”“定标准”的多元方式,区分控制线和设施等要素刚性管控的层次性;三是空间战略传导,应推进补充性文件制定,深化核心战略资源的空间细化与管控要求等;四是主导功能传导,建议加快用途清单和政策清单制定,保障“主体功能分区—一级规划分区—二级规划分区—用地用海分类”用途传导的一致性;五是空间容量传导,应重视“人—地—房”承载力的协同传导,提升空间容量传导的科学性。

护理专业硕士研究生临床实践能力培养现状研究

护理专业硕士研究生教育是为了培养高层次、应用型和专科型高级护理人才,培养其岗位胜任能力,即能够直接从事临床专门领域护理实践,且在某一专科领域具备高级护理实践、咨询、教育、管理和研究等能力。文章采用内容研究法、比较研究法,对31所院校2022年护理专业硕士研究生招生方向和临床实践培养方案进行比较,并对照目前相关研究发现的问题进行分析。结果发现,多数院校存在培养目标不明确、临床实践考核方式单一、临床实践内容和时间安排不合理等问题。因此,需要规范护理专业硕士研究生教育二级学科名称,专业设置注重临床化趋向;明确临床实践能力培养目标;积极探索护理专业硕士研究生教育与临床专科护士培养相结合的模式,建立适合我国国情的护理专业硕士研究生临床实践培养模式;构建高层次应用型护理专科人才的岗位胜任能力评价指标体系,改革护理专业硕士考核评价方式;合理安排临床实践内容和时间,从而有效促进护理专业硕士研究生临床实践能力提高。

风景名胜区影响下的城镇建设与发展路径探析

风景名胜区是最具中国特色的一类保护地,多年来在保护资源并发展旅游的同时,带动了城镇建设发展。按照城市型、近郊型和独立型3种类型梳理244个国家级风景名胜区与城镇的关系,揭示风景名胜区带动城镇建设与发展的路径,即通过管控区内建设用地、划定外围保护地带、调整边界及布局旅游服务基地等规划措施,在防止自身被城市化的同时,促进相关城镇的空间建设、经济发展及职能转变。指明景城之间已形成相辅相成的关系,以期为新时期新需求下的保护地与城镇协调发展提供参考。

THE CAYUGA MEDICAL CENTER A Case Study in Landscape Master Planning and Sustainability

INTRODUCTION Long-term planning is essential for larger institutions to achieve sustainable goals and visions.To be truly sustainable,individual projects must fit within a larger scope of campus planning.Landscape and site systems such as parking,transportation,pedestrian connectivity,storm water treatment,and human health and well-being must be considered and coordinated.