Enhancing transboundary natural tourism resources governance:unveiling the spatial pattern and its influencing factors

Tourism resources that span provincial boundaries in China play a pivotal role in regional development,yet effective governance poses persistent challenges.This study addresses this issue by constructing a comprehensive database of transboundary natural tourism resources(TNTR)through amalgamation of diverse data sources.Utilizing the Getis-Ord Gi^(*),kernel density estimation,and geographical detectors,we scrutinize the spatial patterns of TNTR,focusing on both named and unnamed entities,while exploring the influencing factors.Our findings reveal 7883 identified TNTR in China,with mountain tourism resources emerging as the predominant type.Among provinces,Hunan boasts the highest count,while Shanghai exhibits the lowest.Southern China demonstrates a pronounced clustering trend in TNTR distribution,with the spatial arrangement of biological landscapes appearing more random compared to geological and water landscapes.Western China,characterized by intricate terrain,exhibits fewer TNTR,concurrently unveiling a significant presence of unnamed natural tourism resources.Crucially,administrative segmentation influences TNTR development,generating disparities in regional goals,developmental stages and intensities,and management approaches.In response to these variations,we advocate for strengthening the naming of the unnamed transboundary tourism resources,constructing a geographic database of TNTR for government and establishing a collaborative management mechanism based on TNTR database.Our research contributes to elucidating the intricate landscape of TNTR,offering insights for tailored governance strategies in the realm of cross-provincial tourism resource management.

Do companies influenced by smart cities pay more attention to green governance?Mechanism and optimal spatial correlation

Smart cities are a way for China to construct an innovative and environmentally conscious nation.The paper examines the impact of smart cities on corporate green governance and provides a theoretical foundation for formulating and executing smart city policy in China.Based on panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2008 to 2020,this study constructs a multiperiod double-difference model to examine the influence of smart cities on corporate green governance.Additionally,it uses a spatial double-difference model to investigate the spatial spillover effect of smart cities on neighboring areas.The findings indicate that smart cities effectively enhance corporate green governance.Analyzing the influencing mechanisms reveals that resource allocation efficiency,technological innovation,management environmental awareness,and regional environmental enforcement efforts act as mediators.Furthermore,the study reveals that the impact of smart cities on promoting corporate green governance is more pronounced in regions with lower levels of marketization and resource-based cities.Moreover,the research explores the spatial spillover effects of smart cities,with an effective radius of approximately 350 km.The optimal spatial correlation zone for green governance of businesses in neighboring areas in relation to smart cities is within a range of 250-350 km.This is manifested by the significant promotion of green governance in neighboring area businesses facilitated by smart cities.

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Bed-and-breakfasts(B&Bs)from the Perspective of Urban-rural Differences:A Case Study of Jiaodong Peninsula,China

There are significant differences between urban and rural bed-and-breakfasts(B&Bs)in terms of customer positioning,economic strength and spatial carrier.Accurately identifying the differences in spatial characteristics and influencing factors of each type,is essential for creating urban and rural B&B agglomeration areas.This study used density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)and the multi-scale geographically weighted regression(MGWR)model to explore similarities and differences in the spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors for urban and rural B&Bs on the Jiaodong Peninsula of China from 2010 to 2022.The results showed that:1)both urban and rural B&Bs in Jiaodong Peninsula went through three stages:a slow start from 2010 to 2015,rapid development from 2015 to 2019,and hindered development from 2019 to 2022.However,urban B&Bs demonstrated a higher development speed and agglomeration intensity,leading to an increasingly evident trend of uneven development between the two sectors.2)The clustering scale of both urban and rural B&Bs continued to expand in terms of quantity and volume.Urban B&B clusters characterized by a limited number,but a higher likelihood of transitioning from low-level to high-level clusters.While the number of rural B&B clusters steadily increased over time,their clustering scale was comparatively lower than that of urban B&Bs,and they lacked the presence of high-level clustering.3)In terms of development direction,urban B&B clusters exhibited a relatively stable pattern and evolved into high-level clustering centers within the main urban areas.Conversely,rural B&Bs exhibited a more pronounced spatial diffusion effect,with clusters showing a trend of multi-center development along the coastline.4)Transport emerged as a common influencing factor for both urban and rural B&Bs,with the density of road network having the strongest explanatory power for their spatial distribution.In terms of differences,population agglomeration had a positive impact on the distribution of urban B&Bs and a negative effect on the distribution of rural B&Bs.Rural B&Bs clustering was more influenced by tourism resources compared with urban B&Bs,but increasing tourist stay duration remains an urgent issue to be addressed.The findings of this study could provide a more precise basis for government planning and management of urban and rural B&B agglomeration areas.

Spatial patterns of interprovincial mountain geographical names in China and implications for regional governance

Suffering from fragile environment, poor accessibility and infrastructure, as well as social,political and economic marginality, the interprovincial mountain geographical entities are difficult areas for the regional governance in China.By analyzing the spatial patterns and the influencing factors of the interprovincial mountain geographical names(IMGNs), the goal of this research is to clarify the geographical features of IMGNs and offer alternatives for the management of interprovincial mountain regions in China. The spatial visualization,the analysis of spatial agglomeration and the influencing factors of IMGNs were all implemented under a geographical information system. Results showed that there were 6869 IMGNs in China according to the database of "China's Second National Survey of Geographical Names(2014-2018)",including 4209 mountain geographical names, 1684 mountain peak geographical names and 976 the other mountain geographical names. Hunan Province had the largest number of names while Shanghai had the smallest number of names. In addition, the spatial variance of the mountain peak names and the mountain names were larger than that of the other mountain geographical names, and the IMGNs showed a significant clustering phenomenon in the southern part of China. The relative elevation and the population had an impact on the distribution of the IMGNs. The largest number of the names occurred where the relative elevation was between 1000-2000 m and where the population was between 40-50 million. Density of unnamed interprovincial mountain geographical entities declined from west to east in China. The analysis of generic names of different types of IMGNs implied that the naming of IMGNs is inconsistent. Based on these analyses, it is suggested that the government should take the IMGNs as management units, strengthen the naming of unnamed interprovincial mountain geographical entities, standardize the generic names of IMGNs and identify areas of poverty based on the survey of IMGNs.

Spatial Governance of Multi-Plan Integration in the County Area:A Case Study of Sihui City

This study discussed the contradiction and reform experience of multi-plan integration in Sihui from the perspective of spatial governance.The research found:in terms of contradictions,the right and responsibility of management departments in the county area of Sihui were crosscutting,the township governance responsibilities needed urgent improvement,the urban-rural governance problems were different,the spatial governance elements were not unified,and the contradiction in the implementation mechanism was the implementation of projects.Through the multi-plan integration reform,Sihui reconstructed the right and responsibility relationship of the spatial governance departments,unified the elements of spatial governance,and refactored the implementation mechanism by reconstructing the transmission mechanism of the spatial planning system and the project approval mechanism and establishing the dynamic evaluation and adjustment mechanism.

Trends in Maritime Spatial Planning in Europe: An Approach to Governance Models

Maritime spatial planning is considered a key instrument for the success of integrated maritime policy. MSP is therefore an integrated approach to address the conflicting and competing uses of ocean resources and spaces in order to achieve the sustainable development of seas. This paper aims to access how governance models have been evolving with the implementation of MSP in Europe. The study compares institutional and legal frameworks in a North-South context, based on the case studies of Norway, Netherlands, England, Germany and Portugal and concludes that, although there are similarities in the legal frameworks developed to implement MSP, more profound differences arise on marine governance models and institutional frameworks, reflecting different political approaches and regional contexts.

An Approach to the Construction of Green Infrastructure and Green Spatial Governance for a City

There is a substantial significance to construct city green spaces for improvement of the city environment and ecological function. The conservation of city green space includes a sound plan of green space and the non-statutory parks and green open space, which are open spaces of both public and private land to be greened, they both become the basis for constructing an ecological green network of great city environment. To manipulate cross-sectoral integration, the city greening practice performs effective implementation. The main objective of an approach is to perform the governance indices of green spaces by expert questionnaire and then draft the greening strategies for Taipei city to improve the green landscape and the quality of city environment. The research draws on the green infrastructure and green ecological network system, analyzes the green ecological resources and the characteristic and structure of city spaces in Taipei city, in the meanwhile, learns the domestic and international experiences of greening development. By means of city green space of activation transformation and program of action under greening performance, Taipei city promotes the green image and the quality of city environment and green city landscape.

A new approach towards the sustainability of urban-rural integration:The development strategy for central villages in the Abbasiya District of Iraq using GIS techniques

The development of rural areas usually has a positive impact on the urban-rural integration. This study explores an innovative approach to stimulate rural development by proposing qualified villages as central villages that can provide basic urban services for their residents and residents of neighboring villages. This approach can contribute to overcoming the various problems that rural areas faced at the social, economic, and environmental levels. It seeks to achieve spatial sustainability of rural areas, representing a new approach by integrating urban development methods to revitalize rural villages. The study analyzed 15 villages belonging to Abbasiya District of AL Kufa City in the Najaf Governorate of Iraq. Based on the GIS techniques and the analysis of urban service indicators(village population, percentage of urban building materials used in villages, distance between village and health centers, distance between village and main roads, nature of economic activity, distance between village and educational institutions, distance between village and drinking water sources, number of communication towers, and distance between village and urban administrative center), this study proposed that Abu Gharb and Albu Ghraib can served as central villages in Abbasiya District in the future. This study establishes a new rural spatial structure to achieve rural sustainable development, improves the development status of rural areas, and provides a theoretical basis for the government and relevant institutions to use urban service indicators, achieving rural sustainable development and formulating relevant development policies in Abbasiya District.

The Impact of the Upgrading of Industrial Structure in the Yangtze River Delta on the Urban-Rural Income Gap

Firstly,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and current situation analysis,and then proposes research hypotheses.Secondly,using spatial Dubin model and partial differential method,it empirically studies the impact of industrial structure advancement and rationalization on the urban-rural income gap.The results show that:(1)Both industrial structure and urban-rural income gap have significant spatial dependence;(2)The increase in the industrial structure rationalization will narrow the urban-rural income gap in local region,while its spillover effect on neighboring areas is not obvious.(3)The impact of the industrial structure advancement on the urban-rural income gap is not linear.It is first expanded and then narrowed.The industrial structure advancement in the Yangtze River Delta will generally narrow the urban-rural income gap at this stage.Finally,this paper put forward relevant suggestions.

Formalizing Land Administration through E-Governance Mechanism in Sri Lanka

This paper proposes a comprehensive and practical approach to implement a land administration act in Sri Lanka followed by setting up a Land Administration Commission (LAC), which is a separate entity to maintain a Land Administration Database Management System in support of the land information collected and maintained by stakeholders who deal with matters related to land and its decision-making under e-governance concept. Also, It describes the operations of the four core functions: land tenure, land valuation, land use, and land development in land administration under a single sustainable national land policy, underpinned by spatial information under the e-Governance mechanism. Further, the paper identifies the stakeholders and their main responsibilities in each of the four core functions with the current issues in sharing information across stakeholders. Finally, the paper describes setting up a Land administration entity thereby empowering the LAC and introduces spatial information layers at different resolution levels in a centralized land administration spatial database to keep track of all land transactions carried out by each stakeholder. This approach will enable the top-level decision-making authority (the central level) to manage all land-related activities under one platform to contribute towards the sustainable land development of the country. It is proposed to implement this approach as a pilot activity in the district of Colombo and expand it in the entire country gradually with its output.

空间组织的逻辑演化与区域治理范式变革对中国城市群治理的启示

大都市作为区域发展的活跃力量和空间推进载体,是区域治理理论缘起与实践探索的重点,为城市群治理问题研究提供了价值基础。空间组织逻辑由“场所空间”向“流动空间”的转变形成了理论演化的分水岭,亦为区域治理理论奠定了贯通性的解释框架。在以信息城市为典型特征的“流动空间”背景下,区域治理思维发生了向新区域主义理论强调关系协调的非制度性变革和新国家空间理论围绕“再地域化”的制度变革的范式变化。后者重点阐释了全球城市区域崛起并充当国家竞争力平台的尺度重组机制,对沿海城市群完善制度建设具有重要的指导价值。前者关于区域整体性的建构思路对后发城市群的发育壮大仍然不乏实践意义。在中国多重尺度嵌套的复杂空间格局下,采取正式与非正式制度变革互补的城市群治理策略是可行的选择,对创新网络的尺度重组则是未来区域治理的重点。

城乡融合发展:中国城市化进程中空间治理的新议题及其推进理路

改革开放以来,中国政府通过撤地设市、地市合并、撤县设市、撤县(市)设区、市辖区调整、乡镇撤并以及地级市代管县(市)等行政区划调整,运用城市与区域空间治理的多种政策工具,以城市空间的增量与重构激发城市化发展动力,推动经济、社会的发展与现代化。城乡融合发展是中国式现代化的必然要求,是统筹推进新型城镇化的重要途径,已成为中国城市化进程中空间治理的新议题。基于此,有必要对城乡融合发展的多重逻辑、推进理路展开深入探讨,这对于破解城乡发展差距、实现共同富裕的意义十分重大。

区域空间正义何以找寻?——基于包容性府际关系的分析视角

区域之间存在着资源配置、公共物品供给、城市权利等方面诸多的不公正问题。这些问题的形成原因是:资本-权力-价值逻辑下产生的区域发展模式单一化、区域间负和博弈、区域空间阻隔、资源剥夺以及区域价值偏离的空间正义性风险。在我国区域协同发展战略的背景下,何以化解正义性风险?找寻区域空间正义?关键在于:构建多元空间议事协调机制,推动区域内各政府主体间达成“交叠共识”;健全区域空间协同制度体系,确保空间规划和空间资源再分配政策的有效执行;构筑多元协同空间载体,促进区域空间内的利益共享。这需要塑造一个目标趋同、行动协调、利益共享的包容性府际关系。

基于治理单元的北京老城历史文化街区更新时序研究——以砖塔社区所辖区域为例

城市精细化治理与存量更新背景下,城市更新愈发重视居民参与,建立老城更新公众参与机制和落实社区居民诉求逐渐成为老城更新的重要内容,原本街道治理单元下的老城更新模式,逐渐萌发与社区治理单元相结合的更新模式。然而,街道单元侧重关注的历史风貌保护要求与社区单元关注的居民诉求存在差异,引发了物质空间更新过程中层级和内容实施次序的不同。研究以砖塔社区所辖区域为例,设计跟踪砖塔胡同的更新改造过程以及调查砖塔社区的居民诉求,分析历史文化街区中不同治理单元下存在的老城更新问题。在人群需求软环境与物质空间硬器物两个层面调适不同层级的空间更新时序,旨在从单元协同治理的老城更新中传承老城传统风貌与应对当代人群建造需求,实现历史风貌保护要求与生活居住改善需求的有效平衡。

Urban and Rural Spatial Layout based on Taiji Interactive Balance of I Ching

Taiji is a traditional Chinese philosophy. The content is so diversified that can be applied to so many aspects. The research applied yin and yang, unity be- tween heaven and man to urban planning, and analyzed relationship between urban- rural spatial structure, from transport and material/energy exchange. With the prob- lems reviewed, measures are proposed to deal with the relationship between urban- rural areas in urbanization process.

Research of Spatial Construction Strategy in Chinese New Rural Community

Through the field survey of traditional rural settlement,it has found that the typical spatial construction model shows the duality of matrix and landmark and they are in a relation of reciprocal causality.However,under the impact of urbanization and modernization,this spatial construction model is disappearing,and those natural villages are integrated and reconstructed at a high speed and in a large scale during the construction of new rural communities,leading to a lack of geographical construction system and a damage of ecological living environment.In the perspective of prototype theory,the duality feature should be combined with spatial construction model to guide the inheritance and application of spatial construction model of traditional rural settlements and seek for new spatial development approach for new rural communities based on the sustainable,alternative and transformation strategies.

Does internet use improve the public evaluation of government environmental governance (GEG) in China? An analysis using the Chinese Social Survey, 2013−2017

Based on three datasets of the Chinese Social Survey(CSS)2013,2015,and 2017 and the National Statistical Yearbook,this study examined whether and in what ways using the Internet may or may not affect the public evaluation of government environmental governance(GEG).There are three main findings.First,Internet use has a negative influence on the public evaluation of GEG.Second,there has been an urban-rural difference in terms of Internet use;especially for the rural resident,increasing their use of the Internet significantly lowered their evaluation of GEG.Third,Internet use affects GEG mainly through political trust,whilst it tends to enhance people’s perception of environmental problems;however,it has little influence on their evaluation of GEG.This finding implies that public evaluation of GEG should be viewed as an important inter-subjective dimension of GEG;especially in the Internet era,it has become increasingly necessary for the government to not only continuously improve the quality of governance by dealing with actual/practical environmental issues,but also enhance its ability to react to the public opinions online effectively and appropriately.

城镇化快速推进背景下新乡村的空间分化及其治理转向

进入新时代以来,城市化的持续扩张和国家乡村振兴战略的积极推进极大地促进了乡村传统物理空间的迭代更新、传统社会空间的现代性转变以及新型数字空间的全面建设。在城镇化发展较为突出的新乡村,乡村社会从静态稳定的空间状态向流动易变的多维空间复合体迅速转型。基于此事实,为了回应时代发展要求,科学建构与乡村社会发展水平相适应的空间治理范式,有必要深入分析城镇化快速推进地区乡村社会在现代化进程中所展现出来的空间机制和空间变化过程,充分揭示其衍生的多维空间张力,从而为新乡村社会空间治理实践提供理论基础。新乡村社会空间治理须注重乡村社会的多维空间特性及其治理的空间内涵,将乡村空间视为重要的实践对象和治理资源,重视空间正义,尊重村民主体性,科学整合多重空间资源,进而推动乡村社会从静态的“空间中治理”到动态的“空间治理”的治理转向。

财政分权、地方政府行为与经济绿色转型

依据2009—2019年省级面板数据,运用空间计量模型和中介效应模型,考量财政分权对经济绿色转型的影响。结果显示:财政分权促进本地经济绿色转型作用显著,但会阻碍相邻地区经济绿色转型进程。地方政府行为在二者之间发挥着中介作用,财政分权主要通过促进地方政府合理竞争、提高地方政府财政科技投入强度促进经济绿色转型,提高财政分权程度会强化地方保护主义行为,但地方保护主义行为对经济绿色转型的影响不显著。

政府数字治理、营商环境与城市创新

文章基于2017—2020年中国272个地级及以上城市的样本数据,运用面板固定效应模型与空间杜宾模型实证分析了政府数字治理对城市创新的影响效果、作用机理和空间溢出效应。研究发现:政府数字治理对城市营商环境与创新产出均具有正向促进作用;政府数字治理可以通过营商环境的间接作用对城市创新产生正向影响;考虑空间效应后,政府数字治理对城市创新的空间溢出效应为正却不显著,表明目前政府数字治理对城市创新发展的正向溢出效应较为有限。