Digital media art is an emerging art form that combines digital technology and media art.It has huge potential to bring innovation to urban public spaces and provide them with vibrant artistic experiences.This article...Digital media art is an emerging art form that combines digital technology and media art.It has huge potential to bring innovation to urban public spaces and provide them with vibrant artistic experiences.This article analyzes the design significance and value of digital media art in urban public space,its various forms of application in urban public space design,and the innovative ideas and paths that digital media art can take in urban public space to guide the future.The application and innovative methods of digital media art in urban public space design provide certain theoretical and practical references for urban planners and designers.展开更多
In order to explore the influence of urban street greening,the street landscape of Changjiang West Road and Xiyou Road in Hefei City was selected as the research sample to study the design of urban street landscape un...In order to explore the influence of urban street greening,the street landscape of Changjiang West Road and Xiyou Road in Hefei City was selected as the research sample to study the design of urban street landscape under the concept of green healthy cities.The results show that the urban street landscape of Hefei City is single in design and plant type,and plant maintenance management is not good.It is proposed to strengthen the maintenance and management of street greening,increase the types of native plants,and improve cultural connotation,so as to enhance the artistry,regionalism and functionality of urban street landscape in Hefei City.展开更多
Each place has its own peculiarities,determining that the resilience and adaptation to diverse types of risks will be different,requiring different time and methods for mitigation as well.The coexistence of several ri...Each place has its own peculiarities,determining that the resilience and adaptation to diverse types of risks will be different,requiring different time and methods for mitigation as well.The coexistence of several risks determines further resolution difficulties as commonly,since risks are sudden and unforeseen,there is a tendency to treat the last risk more carefully,neglecting the previous one even if it is just as important.Most of the methodologies used to analyse areas affected by different risks are aimed at focusing in particular on seismic risks without considering those relating to intangible aspects linked to the identity of the places or aspects related to urban health and liveability.And,more in general,in relation to design aspects,urban methodologies do not consider all the results of the analyses,maybe for the difficulty deriving from translating the complexity of collected data in project interventions.Starting from these premises,the objective of the article,elaborated within the SISMI and PRIN 2020 research projects is to propose an original methodology capable of analysing the places affected by multiple risks and planning its resilience attentive to its cultural resources and to its liveability.To this end,the proposed method will be aimed at creating flexible and adaptive places and the case-study of Cittaducale will be illustrated.Criticalities and qualities of this place affected by an earthquake in 2016 will be reported and project interventions to transform its risks into opportunities will be shown.展开更多
Urban traffic and urban environmental pollution are important issues that must be taken into account in the process of urbanization,especially in China.Modernization has enabled many developed countries in the west to...Urban traffic and urban environmental pollution are important issues that must be taken into account in the process of urbanization,especially in China.Modernization has enabled many developed countries in the west to carry out rational city traffic planning.At the same time,the concept of green transportation has also emerged,integrating low-energy consumption,low pollution,comfort,and safety into urban traffic to effectively solve issues pertaining to traffic and pollution.The concept of green transportation has been widely adopted in China and made popular in many cities,thereby promoting the sustainable development of cities.展开更多
This paper is based on the phenomenon of Tittytainment and big data control.It discusses the ways in which working youths live and work in their large suburban communities in Beijing as well as their leisure and enter...This paper is based on the phenomenon of Tittytainment and big data control.It discusses the ways in which working youths live and work in their large suburban communities in Beijing as well as their leisure and entertainment activities.Then develops a problem statement and research questions.In addition,the project explores this reality phenomenon dialectically through the analysis and speculation of the new virtual reality technology“Metaverse.”Based on a critical design approach,the phenomenon is explored through a detailed description and examination of reality,before critically suggesting the possibility of future social control by big data companies through the“metaverse”space.Furthermore,this paper alerts to the neoliberalism that dominates globalization through anti-utopian expressions,waking up young people who are compromised by big data control and addicted to Tittytainment.展开更多
This paper introduces the definition,the features,and advantages of megalopolis according to the book called Urban Design Since 1945,and compares the definition,features,advantages and problems of the megalopolis ment...This paper introduces the definition,the features,and advantages of megalopolis according to the book called Urban Design Since 1945,and compares the definition,features,advantages and problems of the megalopolis mentioned in the book with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)urban region.Although megalopolis solves different urban problems for regions,it still faces different problems.In the future,urban planners should pay attention to the sustainable development of urban ecology and make rational use of various resources.展开更多
To achieve standardization and facilitation of urban design and 3D demonstration of construction program,and provide technological support for urban design and approval of construction program,this project integrates ...To achieve standardization and facilitation of urban design and 3D demonstration of construction program,and provide technological support for urban design and approval of construction program,this project integrates planning control elements,builds 3D urban design platform and explores functions of the platform on the basis of existing 3D information base.The platform will improve the efficiency of planning management department's controlling over urban spaces and buildings,further play the role of planning department in supporting the urban construction decision making,and also promote the overall city image and quality of urban spaces.展开更多
A socio-territorial balance settles and develops through the diversity of ingredients that participate in new forms of sociality:new ways of living and expressing everyday life:new technologies conceived with alternat...A socio-territorial balance settles and develops through the diversity of ingredients that participate in new forms of sociality:new ways of living and expressing everyday life:new technologies conceived with alternative mobilities,new systems of aggregation and shared participations,just to make some examples:car-sharing,co-working,social-spaces,...,places of sharing,physical or virtual,social media online,or other places where people meet to satisfy their needs and exigencies.The project must have a complete vision,in order to clarify the various scenarios that arise from time to time,continuous interaction between things,people,and space,in order to address and solve problems,such as health,education,poverty,and climate change.The local daily principle of sustainability and self-sustainability,each territory must find its identity dimension in its own historical and cultural stratification,a dimension which for Alberto Magnaghi is based on indissociable fundamental principles:cultural,social,economic,geographical and ecological.The new solutions must be less impactful and with greater attention to the social reality:localized,intercultural,flexible,innovative and participatory,only this way it is possible to obtain a strategic design that focuses on an integrated whole:products,services and communication.展开更多
In the process of rapid development of urbanization and constant adjustment of urban space,urban characteristics are faced with many challenges.Taking Taiping Bay wharf area of Yantai City as an example,the paper sort...In the process of rapid development of urbanization and constant adjustment of urban space,urban characteristics are faced with many challenges.Taking Taiping Bay wharf area of Yantai City as an example,the paper sorts out the spatial construction problems from the aspects of historical development,urban texture and cultural characteristics by exploring the research process and methods of regional urban design,and put forward optimization strategies from the perspectives of urban structure optimization,street image design,industrial building transformation and cultural space establishment based on the characteristic resources of the area,thus providing experiences for future regional urban design.展开更多
Urbanization in Brazil is increasing,mainly in medium-sized cities.This expansion causes varying degrees of environmental impact.The general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the resultant impacts that urbani...Urbanization in Brazil is increasing,mainly in medium-sized cities.This expansion causes varying degrees of environmental impact.The general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the resultant impacts that urbanization has had on soil morphology in and around developing areas of the Brazilian city of Passo Fundo/RS.Implementation of the methodology laid out in the Leopold Matrix allowed the location of data for the analysis of the characteristics present in the use of the soil of the study area.Results showed high levels of vegetative loss around the City of Passo Fundo,due to a high degree of urban expansion driven by real estate speculation.The research suggests monitoring the degree of pollution of water resources in addition to regional air quality due to the marked intensity of vehicular flow.展开更多
According to the study on 39 sites of rail transit Line 3 in Chongqing, the sites are classifi ed into three types: residential type, business center type, traffi c hub type in this paper. The study shows that the sit...According to the study on 39 sites of rail transit Line 3 in Chongqing, the sites are classifi ed into three types: residential type, business center type, traffi c hub type in this paper. The study shows that the sites have many problems such as discordance of land use, severity of spatial segregation, low rate of site utilization. To solve these problems, development approaches of site space resources within 1,000 m around the site area are further explored. The approaches include four aspects: characteristics of land use, functional composite, walking guide and shuttle transportation. In addition, appropriate planning and design methods are proposed.展开更多
In order to solve the practical problems of streets,create a pleasant street space and improve the participation of designers and users,the process and method of street renewal based on innovative design thinking were...In order to solve the practical problems of streets,create a pleasant street space and improve the participation of designers and users,the process and method of street renewal based on innovative design thinking were put forward on the basis of the core idea of“user centered”design thinking.The main steps included:setting up workshop and establishing project,understanding and observation,synthesis,creativity,prototype and test feedback.Taking the streets around Anju Dongcheng Community in Handan City as an example,the main process included setting up workshops,carrying out research and data analysis,focusing on outstanding issues,putting forward a variety of renewal and transformation schemes,scheme testing and prototype expression.The whole practice process improved the designer’s design thinking ability,enhanced the participation consciousness of street users,and provided a new idea for street renewal design.展开更多
At present,many scholars at home and abroad have put forward classic theoretical knowledge about interactive installations,but the application research of interactive installations in urban landscape design is relativ...At present,many scholars at home and abroad have put forward classic theoretical knowledge about interactive installations,but the application research of interactive installations in urban landscape design is relatively vague.Moreover,most of them focus on the research of individual interactive installations without taking the surrounding environment into consideration,and there are few targeted researches on the application of interactive installations in landscape design.In this study,through the investigation on interactive forms and implementation methods of interactive installation intervention in urban landscapes,as well as domestic excellent cases,we discovered the existing problems of interactive installation intervention in urban landscape design and put forward our own opinions on future development.展开更多
The evolution process of urban design is the result of transformations due to population increase along the expansion of cities on a global scale.Geotechnologies applied to forms of mapping make it possible to underst...The evolution process of urban design is the result of transformations due to population increase along the expansion of cities on a global scale.Geotechnologies applied to forms of mapping make it possible to understand the changes that have occurred in urban spaces in relation to temporal space.The general objective of this study is to analyze the change that occurred from the year 2010 to 2021,in the evolution of urban design,in the city of Marau(southern Brazil).The identification of urban evolution in the years 2010 and 2021 was carried out.These data were modeled using the QGIS software,in the SIRGAS(Geocentric Reference System for the Americas)database,related to the evolution of urban design in Marau.The results demonstrate the need to apply geotechnologies not only in the city of Marau,but in other cities worldwide,because city halls need precision maps,avoiding the fragmentation of the urban fabric,a result of population expansion not projected in the built environment.展开更多
iaction '意迅', was one of the first foreign design firms to work in China and is celebrating its 11th year here. Stephen White, Australian Architect-Designer, moved to Shanghai in 1994. He reflects on the int...iaction '意迅', was one of the first foreign design firms to work in China and is celebrating its 11th year here. Stephen White, Australian Architect-Designer, moved to Shanghai in 1994. He reflects on the interplay between Shanghai's development and the design opportunities and challenges that have arisen over the last decade.展开更多
In order to promote the development of urban roads,enhance urban road design,and fully maximize the role of urban roads,this study first discusses the fundamental requirements of urban road design,the“humanized”conc...In order to promote the development of urban roads,enhance urban road design,and fully maximize the role of urban roads,this study first discusses the fundamental requirements of urban road design,the“humanized”concept in urban road design,and the importance of“humanized”urban road design,as well as proposes several“humanized”design strategies for urban roads as references.展开更多
Together,the heat island eff ect and air pollution pose a threat to human health and well-being in urban settings.Nature-based solutions such as planting trees are a mitigation strategy to improve outdoor temperatures...Together,the heat island eff ect and air pollution pose a threat to human health and well-being in urban settings.Nature-based solutions such as planting trees are a mitigation strategy to improve outdoor temperatures(thermal comfort)and enhance air quality in urban areas.In this study,outdoor thermal comfort,and particulate matter levels were compared between treeless and treed areas to provide a better understanding of how street trees improve thermal comfort and air quality.Street trees decreased the physiological equivalent temperature from 46.3 to 44.2℃in summer but increased it from 36.4 to 37.5℃in autumn.Air temperature and relative humidity contributed more in summer while wind speed contributed more in autumn.Particulate matter concentrations were negatively correlated with physiological equivalent temperature in summer but not in autumn.The presence of trees decreased concentrations of fi ne particulate matter in hot summer conditions but increased in hot autumn conditions.The presence of trees increased coarse particulate matter in very hot summer conditions in summer and in hot autumn conditions.Overall,the layout of trees in urban street canyons should consider the trade-off between outdoor thermal comfort and air quality improvement.展开更多
Background:Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults’physical function.Especially,it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical functio...Background:Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults’physical function.Especially,it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical function in Asian cities.The aim of this study was to examine associations between objectively measured environmental attributes of walkability and objectively assessed physical function in a sample of Japanese older adults.Methods:Cross-sectional data collected in 2013 from 314 older residents(aged 65-84 years)living in Japan were used.Physical function was estimated from objectively measured upper-and lower-body function,mobility,and balance by a trained research team member.A comprehensive list of built-environment attributes,including population density,availability of destinations,intersection density,and distance to the nearest public transport station,were objectively calculated.Walk Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability was also obtained.Results:Among men,higher population density,availability of destinations,and intersection density were significantly associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).Higher Walk Score was also marginally associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).None of the environmental attributes were associated with physical function in elderly women.Conclusion:Our findings indicate that environmental attributes of walkability are associated with the physical function of elderly men in the context of Asia.Walking-friendly neighborhoods can not only promote older adults’active behaviors but can also support their physical function.展开更多
The transformation of urban and building design into green development is conducive to alleviating resource and environmental problems.Building design largely determines pollutant emissions and energy consumption thro...The transformation of urban and building design into green development is conducive to alleviating resource and environmental problems.Building design largely determines pollutant emissions and energy consumption throughout the building life cycle.Full consideration of the impact of urban geometries on the microclimate will help construct livable and healthy cities.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations significantly improve the efficiency of assessing the microclimate and the performance of design schemes.The integration of CFD into design platforms by plug-ins marks a landmark development for the interaction of computer-aided design(CAD)and CFD,allowing architects to perform CFD simulations in their familiar design environments.This review provides a systematic overview of the classification and comprehensive comparison of CFD plug-ins in Autodesk Revit,Rhinoceros/Grasshopper,and SketchUp.The applications of CFD plug-ins in urban and building design are reviewed according to three types:single-objective,multi-objective,and coupling simulations.Two primary roles of CFD plug-ins integrated into the design process,including providing various micro-scale numerical simulations and optimizing the original design via feedback results,are analyzed.The issues of mesh generation,boundary conditions,turbulence models,and simulation accuracy during CFD plug-in applications are discussed.Finally,the limitations and future possibilities of CFD plug-ins are proposed.展开更多
文摘Digital media art is an emerging art form that combines digital technology and media art.It has huge potential to bring innovation to urban public spaces and provide them with vibrant artistic experiences.This article analyzes the design significance and value of digital media art in urban public space,its various forms of application in urban public space design,and the innovative ideas and paths that digital media art can take in urban public space to guide the future.The application and innovative methods of digital media art in urban public space design provide certain theoretical and practical references for urban planners and designers.
基金Sponsored by the Innovation Training Planning Project for College Students in Anhui Province(S202112216137)Scien-tific Research Team Project of Anhui Xinhua University(kytd202202).
文摘In order to explore the influence of urban street greening,the street landscape of Changjiang West Road and Xiyou Road in Hefei City was selected as the research sample to study the design of urban street landscape under the concept of green healthy cities.The results show that the urban street landscape of Hefei City is single in design and plant type,and plant maintenance management is not good.It is proposed to strengthen the maintenance and management of street greening,increase the types of native plants,and improve cultural connotation,so as to enhance the artistry,regionalism and functionality of urban street landscape in Hefei City.
基金the Italian Ministry of University and Research(MUR)in the framework of the Project PRIN2020#20209F3A37 is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Each place has its own peculiarities,determining that the resilience and adaptation to diverse types of risks will be different,requiring different time and methods for mitigation as well.The coexistence of several risks determines further resolution difficulties as commonly,since risks are sudden and unforeseen,there is a tendency to treat the last risk more carefully,neglecting the previous one even if it is just as important.Most of the methodologies used to analyse areas affected by different risks are aimed at focusing in particular on seismic risks without considering those relating to intangible aspects linked to the identity of the places or aspects related to urban health and liveability.And,more in general,in relation to design aspects,urban methodologies do not consider all the results of the analyses,maybe for the difficulty deriving from translating the complexity of collected data in project interventions.Starting from these premises,the objective of the article,elaborated within the SISMI and PRIN 2020 research projects is to propose an original methodology capable of analysing the places affected by multiple risks and planning its resilience attentive to its cultural resources and to its liveability.To this end,the proposed method will be aimed at creating flexible and adaptive places and the case-study of Cittaducale will be illustrated.Criticalities and qualities of this place affected by an earthquake in 2016 will be reported and project interventions to transform its risks into opportunities will be shown.
文摘Urban traffic and urban environmental pollution are important issues that must be taken into account in the process of urbanization,especially in China.Modernization has enabled many developed countries in the west to carry out rational city traffic planning.At the same time,the concept of green transportation has also emerged,integrating low-energy consumption,low pollution,comfort,and safety into urban traffic to effectively solve issues pertaining to traffic and pollution.The concept of green transportation has been widely adopted in China and made popular in many cities,thereby promoting the sustainable development of cities.
文摘This paper is based on the phenomenon of Tittytainment and big data control.It discusses the ways in which working youths live and work in their large suburban communities in Beijing as well as their leisure and entertainment activities.Then develops a problem statement and research questions.In addition,the project explores this reality phenomenon dialectically through the analysis and speculation of the new virtual reality technology“Metaverse.”Based on a critical design approach,the phenomenon is explored through a detailed description and examination of reality,before critically suggesting the possibility of future social control by big data companies through the“metaverse”space.Furthermore,this paper alerts to the neoliberalism that dominates globalization through anti-utopian expressions,waking up young people who are compromised by big data control and addicted to Tittytainment.
文摘This paper introduces the definition,the features,and advantages of megalopolis according to the book called Urban Design Since 1945,and compares the definition,features,advantages and problems of the megalopolis mentioned in the book with Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)urban region.Although megalopolis solves different urban problems for regions,it still faces different problems.In the future,urban planners should pay attention to the sustainable development of urban ecology and make rational use of various resources.
文摘To achieve standardization and facilitation of urban design and 3D demonstration of construction program,and provide technological support for urban design and approval of construction program,this project integrates planning control elements,builds 3D urban design platform and explores functions of the platform on the basis of existing 3D information base.The platform will improve the efficiency of planning management department's controlling over urban spaces and buildings,further play the role of planning department in supporting the urban construction decision making,and also promote the overall city image and quality of urban spaces.
文摘A socio-territorial balance settles and develops through the diversity of ingredients that participate in new forms of sociality:new ways of living and expressing everyday life:new technologies conceived with alternative mobilities,new systems of aggregation and shared participations,just to make some examples:car-sharing,co-working,social-spaces,...,places of sharing,physical or virtual,social media online,or other places where people meet to satisfy their needs and exigencies.The project must have a complete vision,in order to clarify the various scenarios that arise from time to time,continuous interaction between things,people,and space,in order to address and solve problems,such as health,education,poverty,and climate change.The local daily principle of sustainability and self-sustainability,each territory must find its identity dimension in its own historical and cultural stratification,a dimension which for Alberto Magnaghi is based on indissociable fundamental principles:cultural,social,economic,geographical and ecological.The new solutions must be less impactful and with greater attention to the social reality:localized,intercultural,flexible,innovative and participatory,only this way it is possible to obtain a strategic design that focuses on an integrated whole:products,services and communication.
基金Sponsored by General Project of Natural Science Foundation of Beijing (8212009)Tip-top Young Talents Training Program of High-level Teacher Team Construction Support Plan in Universities Affiliated to Beijing Municipality in 2019 (CIT&TCD201904010)Key Projects of Science and Technology Winter Olympics of National Key Research and Development Program (2020YFF0304900)。
文摘In the process of rapid development of urbanization and constant adjustment of urban space,urban characteristics are faced with many challenges.Taking Taiping Bay wharf area of Yantai City as an example,the paper sorts out the spatial construction problems from the aspects of historical development,urban texture and cultural characteristics by exploring the research process and methods of regional urban design,and put forward optimization strategies from the perspectives of urban structure optimization,street image design,industrial building transformation and cultural space establishment based on the characteristic resources of the area,thus providing experiences for future regional urban design.
文摘Urbanization in Brazil is increasing,mainly in medium-sized cities.This expansion causes varying degrees of environmental impact.The general objective of this manuscript is to analyze the resultant impacts that urbanization has had on soil morphology in and around developing areas of the Brazilian city of Passo Fundo/RS.Implementation of the methodology laid out in the Leopold Matrix allowed the location of data for the analysis of the characteristics present in the use of the soil of the study area.Results showed high levels of vegetative loss around the City of Passo Fundo,due to a high degree of urban expansion driven by real estate speculation.The research suggests monitoring the degree of pollution of water resources in addition to regional air quality due to the marked intensity of vehicular flow.
基金Sponsored by National Youth Science Foundation(51408507)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2015M570385)
文摘According to the study on 39 sites of rail transit Line 3 in Chongqing, the sites are classifi ed into three types: residential type, business center type, traffi c hub type in this paper. The study shows that the sites have many problems such as discordance of land use, severity of spatial segregation, low rate of site utilization. To solve these problems, development approaches of site space resources within 1,000 m around the site area are further explored. The approaches include four aspects: characteristics of land use, functional composite, walking guide and shuttle transportation. In addition, appropriate planning and design methods are proposed.
基金Social Science Fund Project of Hebei Province(HB19S039)Training Project of School of Architecture and Art,Hebei University of Engineering(2020-KJZD-001).
文摘In order to solve the practical problems of streets,create a pleasant street space and improve the participation of designers and users,the process and method of street renewal based on innovative design thinking were put forward on the basis of the core idea of“user centered”design thinking.The main steps included:setting up workshop and establishing project,understanding and observation,synthesis,creativity,prototype and test feedback.Taking the streets around Anju Dongcheng Community in Handan City as an example,the main process included setting up workshops,carrying out research and data analysis,focusing on outstanding issues,putting forward a variety of renewal and transformation schemes,scheme testing and prototype expression.The whole practice process improved the designer’s design thinking ability,enhanced the participation consciousness of street users,and provided a new idea for street renewal design.
文摘At present,many scholars at home and abroad have put forward classic theoretical knowledge about interactive installations,but the application research of interactive installations in urban landscape design is relatively vague.Moreover,most of them focus on the research of individual interactive installations without taking the surrounding environment into consideration,and there are few targeted researches on the application of interactive installations in landscape design.In this study,through the investigation on interactive forms and implementation methods of interactive installation intervention in urban landscapes,as well as domestic excellent cases,we discovered the existing problems of interactive installation intervention in urban landscape design and put forward our own opinions on future development.
基金the Center for Studies and Research on Urban Mobility-NEPMOUR,IMED and PPGARQ/IMED for supporting this researchthe Fundação Meridional-IMED for the funding provided through the institutional productivity grantthe National Council for Scientific and Technological Development of Brazil for the research productivity grant(Process:313040/2020-6).
文摘The evolution process of urban design is the result of transformations due to population increase along the expansion of cities on a global scale.Geotechnologies applied to forms of mapping make it possible to understand the changes that have occurred in urban spaces in relation to temporal space.The general objective of this study is to analyze the change that occurred from the year 2010 to 2021,in the evolution of urban design,in the city of Marau(southern Brazil).The identification of urban evolution in the years 2010 and 2021 was carried out.These data were modeled using the QGIS software,in the SIRGAS(Geocentric Reference System for the Americas)database,related to the evolution of urban design in Marau.The results demonstrate the need to apply geotechnologies not only in the city of Marau,but in other cities worldwide,because city halls need precision maps,avoiding the fragmentation of the urban fabric,a result of population expansion not projected in the built environment.
文摘iaction '意迅', was one of the first foreign design firms to work in China and is celebrating its 11th year here. Stephen White, Australian Architect-Designer, moved to Shanghai in 1994. He reflects on the interplay between Shanghai's development and the design opportunities and challenges that have arisen over the last decade.
文摘In order to promote the development of urban roads,enhance urban road design,and fully maximize the role of urban roads,this study first discusses the fundamental requirements of urban road design,the“humanized”concept in urban road design,and the importance of“humanized”urban road design,as well as proposes several“humanized”design strategies for urban roads as references.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901153,32130068,41801187)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province of China(2020-MS-026)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2022195).
文摘Together,the heat island eff ect and air pollution pose a threat to human health and well-being in urban settings.Nature-based solutions such as planting trees are a mitigation strategy to improve outdoor temperatures(thermal comfort)and enhance air quality in urban areas.In this study,outdoor thermal comfort,and particulate matter levels were compared between treeless and treed areas to provide a better understanding of how street trees improve thermal comfort and air quality.Street trees decreased the physiological equivalent temperature from 46.3 to 44.2℃in summer but increased it from 36.4 to 37.5℃in autumn.Air temperature and relative humidity contributed more in summer while wind speed contributed more in autumn.Particulate matter concentrations were negatively correlated with physiological equivalent temperature in summer but not in autumn.The presence of trees decreased concentrations of fi ne particulate matter in hot summer conditions but increased in hot autumn conditions.The presence of trees increased coarse particulate matter in very hot summer conditions in summer and in hot autumn conditions.Overall,the layout of trees in urban street canyons should consider the trade-off between outdoor thermal comfort and air quality improvement.
基金supported by the JSPS KAKENHI(#JP15H02964)KO is supported by the MEXT-Supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities,2015-2019the Japan Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(S1511017).
文摘Background:Few studies have examined the associations between urban design attributes and older adults’physical function.Especially,it is not well known how built-environment attributes may influence physical function in Asian cities.The aim of this study was to examine associations between objectively measured environmental attributes of walkability and objectively assessed physical function in a sample of Japanese older adults.Methods:Cross-sectional data collected in 2013 from 314 older residents(aged 65-84 years)living in Japan were used.Physical function was estimated from objectively measured upper-and lower-body function,mobility,and balance by a trained research team member.A comprehensive list of built-environment attributes,including population density,availability of destinations,intersection density,and distance to the nearest public transport station,were objectively calculated.Walk Score as a composite measure of neighborhood walkability was also obtained.Results:Among men,higher population density,availability of destinations,and intersection density were significantly associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).Higher Walk Score was also marginally associated with better physical function performance(1-legged stance with eyes open).None of the environmental attributes were associated with physical function in elderly women.Conclusion:Our findings indicate that environmental attributes of walkability are associated with the physical function of elderly men in the context of Asia.Walking-friendly neighborhoods can not only promote older adults’active behaviors but can also support their physical function.
文摘The transformation of urban and building design into green development is conducive to alleviating resource and environmental problems.Building design largely determines pollutant emissions and energy consumption throughout the building life cycle.Full consideration of the impact of urban geometries on the microclimate will help construct livable and healthy cities.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations significantly improve the efficiency of assessing the microclimate and the performance of design schemes.The integration of CFD into design platforms by plug-ins marks a landmark development for the interaction of computer-aided design(CAD)and CFD,allowing architects to perform CFD simulations in their familiar design environments.This review provides a systematic overview of the classification and comprehensive comparison of CFD plug-ins in Autodesk Revit,Rhinoceros/Grasshopper,and SketchUp.The applications of CFD plug-ins in urban and building design are reviewed according to three types:single-objective,multi-objective,and coupling simulations.Two primary roles of CFD plug-ins integrated into the design process,including providing various micro-scale numerical simulations and optimizing the original design via feedback results,are analyzed.The issues of mesh generation,boundary conditions,turbulence models,and simulation accuracy during CFD plug-in applications are discussed.Finally,the limitations and future possibilities of CFD plug-ins are proposed.