Application of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method Based on Entropy Weight to Evaluate Pond Water Quality

[Objective] This study was to provide references for the evaluation of water quality in aquaculture ponds by evaluating the pond water quality using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method based on entropy weight. [Method] The fuzzy compre- hensive evaluation method based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the water quality in the ponds with Ukraine scale carp （Cyprinus carpio） as the main cultivated fish. The average size of the fish was 71.4 g/ind, and totally three groups of pond were set with the population density of 6 000, 9 000, 12 000 ind/hm2. [Result] According to the GB3838-2002 Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water of China, the water quality of 6 000 ind/hm2 group was Grade I, and the water quality of 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 were Grade V. [Conclusion] With the increasing of feeding density, the pond water quality would worsen, however, there is no difference on water quality between 9 000 and 12 000 ind/hm2 groups.

Entropy method for determination of weight of evaluating indicators in fuzzy synthetic evaluation for water quality assessment

Considering the difficulty of fuzzy synthetic evaluation method in calculation of the multiple factors and ignorance of the relationship among evaluating objects, a new weight evaluation process using entropy method was introduced. This improved method for determination of weight of the evaluating indicators was applied in water quality assessment of the Three Gorges reservoir area. The results showed that this method was favorable for fuzzy synthetic evaluation when there were more than one evaluating objects. One calculation was enough for calculating every monitoring point. Compared with the original evaluation method, the method predigested the fuzzy synthetic evaluation process greatly and the evaluation results are more reasonable.

Study on Entropy Weight Coefficient Method and Application for Water Quality Evaluation

In order to evaluate the quality of water environment, the conception of entropy is applied in information science, and the entropy weight model is built to evaluate comprehensively water quality. The indexes weights of water quality are determined by value of entropy. This kind of method is applied on evaluating water quality in the new water to be built. The result shows that the water quality in it which supply water is between grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and the result is similar to that of gray related method.

Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin,China

The Yellow River Basin of China is a key region that contains myriad interactions between human activities and natural environment.Industrialization and urbanization promote social-economic development,but they also have generated a series of environmental and ecological issues in this basin.Previous researches have evaluated urban resilience at the national,regional,urban agglomeration,city,and prefecture levels,but not at the watershed level.To address this research gap and elevate the Yellow River Basin’s urban resilience level,we constructed an urban resilience evaluation index system from five dimensions:industrial resilience,social resilience,environmental resilience,technological resilience,and organizational resilience.The entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin.The exploratory spatial data analysis method was employed to study the spatiotemporal differences in urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin in 2010,2015,and 2020.Furthermore,the grey correlation analysis method was utilized to explore the influencing factors of these differences.The results of this study are as follows:(1)the overall level of urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin was relatively low but showed an increasing trend during 2010–2015,and significant spatial distribution differences were observed,with a higher resilience level in the eastern region and a low-medium resilience level in the western region;(2)the differences in urban resilience were noticeable,with industrial resilience and social resilience being relatively highly developed,whereas organizational resilience and environmental resilience were relatively weak;and(3)the correlation ranking of resilience influencing factors was as follows:science and technology level>administrative power>openness>market forces.This research can provide a basis for improving the resilience level of cities in the Yellow River Basin and contribute to the high-quality development of the region.

Study on the Evaluation of Urbanization Quality and Promotion Measures

Development of the city itself is a major reflection of the quality of urbanization; urbanization promote efficiency is the basic premise of urbanization; fair and coordinated urban-rural relation is the guarantee, and the goal of urbanization. Quality of urbanization contains its process and result, as well as efficiency and fairness. It also covers quality of not only urban and rural area, but also coordinated and interacted relations of them. Follow principles of being typical, systematic and operational, we can build quality evaluation system from the aspect of its develop level, efficiency and rural-and-urban coordination. Finally, we can choose proper measures to make reasonable assessment of urbanization in China, and improve the quality of urbanization by learning from others.

The comprehensive evaluation of China＇s urbanization and effects on resources and environment

This paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system for the urbanization level in China in terms of four aspects of urbanization connotation： population, economy, society, and land. A comprehensive measurement is carried out for the Chinese urbanization between 1981 and 2006 based on the Entropy method. The results show that the comprehensive level of urbanization in China has a continuous increase with the major features of economic growth and a rapid evolution of the geographical landscape, followed by population urbanization and then social urbanization of health care standard; the distinguished evolutional characteristics can also be found in each of the subsystems. The integrated evolution of urbanization has a profound effect on the resources, energy and the environment, making the land resources and energy security situation under severe pressure. The environment pressure is also increased further.

Comprehensive Assessment of Urbanization Coordination:A Case Study of Jiangxi Province, China

In order to make assessment on urbanization coordination, we developed a comprehensive model by integrating entropy weight method(EWM), coupling degree model(CDM), coupling coordination degree model(CCDM), multi-index grading method(MIGM) and Remote Sensing & Geographic Information System(RS & GIS) technology. Then we applied this integrated model to a case study in Jiangxi Province, China. Our study finds that: 1) EWM, CDM and CCDM can evaluate the temporal dynamic of urbanization. Urbanization process of Jiangxi Province can be divided into three periods, the stable development period(1990–2001), the accelerated development period(2002–2009) and the rapid development period(2010–2015). Coordinated development of urbanization in Jiangxi Province can be divided into two phases, an increasingly coordinated phase(1990–2003) and an increasingly incongruous phase(2003–2015). The state transition was due to low development rate of population urbanization. 2) RS & GIS technology is an effective tool for detecting urban growth. Urban construction land area of Jiangxi Province increased from 615.8 km^2 in 1990 to 2896.8 km^2 in2015, and the per capita urban construction land area(PCUCLA) reached 122.9 m^2, with the maximum value of 343 m^2 in Gongqingcheng City. 3) MIGM and RS & GIS technology can analyze spatial difference of urbanization. There is a significant spatial difference in socioeconomic development at county scale, with the maximum value six times the minimum value for both PCUCLA and per capita GDP in 2015. Population urbanization lag and excessive land use are the main reasons for uncoordinated urbanization. There were 15 counties with a lag in demographic urbanization and 33 counties where PCUCLA exceeded the national standard in 2015, among which 20 exceeded the national standard of PCUCLA by 50%(≥165 m^2). Since there are significant spatio-temporal differences in urbanization, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive assessment to facilitate differential urbanization strategy making.

Evaluation of Urban Development Quality Based on the Connotation of High-Quality Development: A Case Study of Guangdong Province

In this paper, based on the interpretation of the connotation of high-quality development, an urban development quality evaluation index system was established from six aspects of economic strength, the level of science and education, government management, resources and environment, the level of openness, and infrastructure, the entropy method and cluster analysis were used to conduct an empirical analysis of the quality of urban development in Guangdong Province, and relevant suggestions were proposed accordingly. The results showed that:(1) the level of science and education was the most important factor affecting the quality of urban development in Guangdong Province;(2) the quality of urban development in Guangdong Province was extremely uncoordinated;(3) cities with stronger economic strength had lower resource and environment evaluation;(4) cities of Guangdong Province could be divided into three categories: cities in a quality optimization stage, cities in a quality improvement stage, and cities in a quality lagging stage that could be further divided into three categories.

基于DEMATEL-Entropy法的城市轨道交通应急预案评价方法研究

在城市轨道交通应急预案评价过程中,往往存在评价指标主观性过强以及评价结果难以量化等问题,因此文中提出了决策实验室法(DEMATEL法)和熵权法(Entropy法)相结合的评价方法。首先建立由4个准则层和12个指标层组成的城市轨道交通应急预案评价指标体系,然后使用DEMATEL法和Entropy法求得指标的主观权重和客观权重,运用博弈论计算综合权重,再通过模糊综合评价法计算待评预案的最终得分和评级等级。最后,选取城市轨道交通某应急预案对模型的可行性进行了验证,为预案评价提供了新思路。

Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of New Urbanization Level in Qinghai Province

The new type of urbanization has always been regarded as an important force to promote economic and social development and an important means to realize agricultural modernization.In order to analyze the problems existing in the process of urbanization in Qinghai Province,5 second-level indexes and 17 third-level indexes were constructed to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system of urbanization development level,and the entropy method was used to analyze the urbanization level of Qinghai Province from 1999 to 2018.The results show that the urbanization of Qinghai Province can be divided into three stages:in the first stage(from 1999 to 2005),the urbanization of Qinghai Province was basically in a stage of slow development;in the second stage(from 2006 to 2011),the urbanization of Qinghai Province was in the stage of slow growth;in the third stage(from 2012 to 2018),urbanization in Qinghai Province was in the stage of rapid and high-quality development.

Quality Evaluation of Urban Pseudo Habitat Environments Based on the Degree of Public Praise from dianping.com:A Case Study of Liaoning Province

Due to the continuous development of information technology, people's perception of real life is more based on the information acquired on the real environment with the help of various media, rather than intuition. Based on priority evaluation data obtained from dianping.com(Liaoning Province), and the established criteria for assessing pseudo habitat environment quality, this study uses the entropy method to calculate and rank the comprehensive score of each merchant's word-of-mouth evaluation. It analyzes the spatial pattern and differentiation characteristics of pseudo environment quality, as well. Results show that:(1) The overall quality scores of the pseudo living environment in southern, central, and northern Liaoning are higher than those in eastern and western area. The pseudo habitat environment quality score of coastal cities is relatively higher than that of inland cities; and that of cities with high resource depletion is lower.(2) Parent-child activity, learning and training, and sports & health have significant impact, whereas hotels and peripheral tours have less impact on the pseudo habitat environment quality in Liaoning province. The overall pseudo habitat environment quality score of a city is inversely proportional to the total scores of various indicators in the city.(3) The spatial distribution of pseudo habitat quality in Liaoning Province shows a "saddle" structure. The spatial heterogeneity of the pseudo habitat environment in central and northern Liaoning areas is larger than that in eastern, western, and southern areas of Liaoning. The degree of quality of the pseudo habitat environment is proportional to the size of its spatial differentiation degree in total.

中国新质生产力水平、区域差异与时空演进特征

文章构建新质生产力水平测度指标体系,运用熵值法测算2012—2021年中国31个省份的新质生产力水平,通过Dagum基尼系数法分析其差异及来源,最后采用空间相关性检验探索中国新质生产力的时空集聚特征和动态跃迁情况。研究发现:中国新质生产力水平逐年上升,但整体水平不高且存在区域差异;劳动者维度和劳动对象维度中的新质产业发展是制约新质生产力水平提升的主要因素;四大地区新质生产力水平差异较大,区域差异的主要来源始终是区域间差异;中国新质生产力水平明显集聚于高效型和低效型,且具有较强的空间稳定性;中国新质生产力水平跃迁更多转向极化型和空心型,较少转向高效型,区域协调发展战略效果不同,虹吸效应与带动效应并存。

新质生产力:指标构建与时空演进

新质生产力作为一个全新的概念,为中国的经济和社会发展指明了新的方向,对其内涵与意义的深度发掘至关重要。文章基于生产力的三大构成要件,在挖掘新质生产力长远要求原则下构建其综合评价指标体系,并运用熵值法对中国省域新质生产力发展水平进行测度。研究发现:(1)新质生产力从总体上呈增长趋势,但在南北、四大区域和五大经济带存在显著时空差异;(2)新质生产力在省域之间呈现梯度提升和发展不均衡特点;(3)分维度发现,生产资料对新质生产力提升的贡献度最高,劳动者维度的贡献最低且存在空间极化现象;(4)新质生产力具有显著的集聚效应,主要表现为低-低集聚和高-高集聚,并具有时空收敛性特征。进而提出优化人力资本结构、发挥新质生产力集聚效应和健全区域协调发展机制等政策建议。本文或可加深对中国新质生产力的时空发展格局的认知,为新质生产力培育进而促进经济高质量发展提供新思路。

干燥方式对红托竹荪品质特性和微观结构的影响

以新鲜红托竹荪为原料,研究传统煤火干燥(Coal Fire Drying,CFD)、空气源热泵干燥(Air Source Heap Pump Drying,ASHPD)、真空微波-电热鼓风组合干燥(Microwave Vacuum Drying in Combination with Forced Air Drying,MVD+FAD)和真空冷冻干燥(Vacuum Freeze Drying,VFD)四种干燥方式对其外形、色泽、营养成分、氨基酸组成和含量、质构特性和微观结构的影响。结果表明:VFD可以最大限度地保持竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形,其蛋白质、粗纤维和总氨基酸含量最高,色泽与鲜品最接近(ΔE=3.60);ASHPD制备的竹荪菌柄和菌裙外形保持较好,脂肪含量最高,蛋白质保留效果较好。竹荪的鲜甜味/苦味的值为VFD组(4.99%)>MVD+FAD组(4.66%)>ASHPD组(4.50%)>CFD组(4.37%)。VFD制备的竹荪组织结构较脆,组织内部结合力较小,与鲜品相似,而另三种干燥方式制备的竹荪内部结合力较大,抵抗受损能力较强,吞咽前需要更多的能量才能嚼碎。此外,VFD和ASHPD制备竹荪的细胞状结构明显,VFD更好的保持了竹荪原有的细胞状结构。干燥方式的综合评价结果为VFD>MVD+FAD>ASHPD>CFD。综上,VFD为红托竹荪较理想的干燥方式,但其应用成本较高;在实际生产中,ASHPD是比较有推广价值的干燥方式。

基于熵权-TOPSIS法的中国高等教育高质量发展水平测度研究

实现高等教育高质量发展是推进新时代教育强国建设的必然要求。基于新发展理念,运用熵权法和TOPSIS法测度了中国2020年31个省份高等教育高质量发展水平。研究发现:第一,中国各省域高等教育高质量发展水平存在显著差距,江苏、北京和上海的高等教育发展水平明显高于其他省份。第二,中国高等教育高质量发展水平呈现“东高西低”的地区非均衡特征,表现为从东部地区、东北地区、中部地区、西部地区依次递减的态势;在东部、中部和西部地区内部,各省域高等教育高质量发展水平也存在明显的差异。第三,东部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为绿色发展和共享发展;东北地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为协调发展和绿色发展;中部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为创新发展、绿色发展和共享发展;西部地区高等教育高质量发展的短板为创新发展、协调发展和开放发展。最后根据测度结果提出实现中国高等教育高质量发展的对策建议。

黄河流域城市高质量发展空间关联及障碍因子分析

基于新发展理念,构建综合评价指标体系,运用熵值法计算黄河流域61个地级市2010年、2013年、2016年和2019年的高质量发展水平综合得分,并运用自然间断点法、空间自相关和障碍度模型,分析黄河流域城市高质量发展的时空演变规律、空间关联性和障碍因子。结果表明:(1)黄河流域整体高质量发展水平不断提升。根据高质量发展水平将城市分为四大类,其中高水平城市主要为省会和中心城市,较高水平城市分布在中心城市周围,较低水平城市由下游向中上游扩散,低水平城市集聚在中上游。(2)黄河流域总体空间关联性较弱,局部存在集聚效应,东部高值区被高值区包围的高高集聚较明显,西部低值区被低值区包围的低低集聚较明显。(3)黄河流域城市高质量发展障碍因子主要包括入境旅游人数、外资依存度、万人专利申请量、外贸依存度和万人在校生数。基于此,提出黄河流域高质量发展相关建议。

中国服务贸易高质量发展的测度及国际比较——基于新发展理念的视角

党的二十大报告指出要全面贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局,以推动高质量发展为主题,加快建设贸易强国。服务贸易作为国际贸易的重要组成部分,其发展质量日益成为衡量贸易强国的关键指标。文章基于新发展理念,结合高质量发展的内涵,构建服务贸易高质量发展指标体系,运用熵值法对全球36个主要国家2010—2021年的服务贸易发展质量进行测度和比较。研究结果表明:2010年以来,中国服务贸易发展质量排名由第14位上升至第11位,与发达国家的差距逐渐缩小;从分维度指标来看,中国服务贸易的绿色和共享发展水平位于世界前列,但创新、协调和开放发展水平较为落后。最后,根据测度及比较的结果,结合新发展理念提出了推动我国服务贸易高质量发展的对策建议。

城市医疗集团门诊质量管理指标体系构建研究

目的:构建城市医疗集团门诊质量管理指标体系,为规范和提高城市医疗集团整体的门诊质量提供循证管理依据。方法:以“结构-过程-结果”模型为理论框架,通过文献回顾形成初级指标池,采用德尔菲专家咨询法对20位专家开展两轮次函询,根据函询结果对指标体系进行修改完善。结果:两轮次函询问卷有效回收率100.0%,专家权威系数均大于0.75,KendallW协调系数为0.13~0.39,最终构建的城市医疗集团门诊质量管理指标体系共包括3个一级指标、15个二级指标、46个三级指标。结论:本研究构建的城市医疗集团门诊质量管理指标体系全面、科学、实用,为城市医疗集团门诊同质化管理、搭建连续性服务、医疗流程优化、质量考核评价提供循证依据。

新质生产力三维创新生态系统及水平测度分析

新质生产力是由技术颠覆性突破、生产要素创新性配置、产业深度转型升级而催生的当代先进生产力;一切利用新技术提升生产力水平驱动高质量发展的领域,都属于新质生产力的应用范畴。从创新生态系统角度构建新质生产力的评价指标体系,利用熵值法、Kernel密度估计法和空间Markov链法进行实证分析。研究结论如下:首先,新质生产力在微观层面表现为新质人才、新质生产单元和新质企业组织;在中观层面表现为新质产业部门、新质产业链、新质创新网络、新质产业集群;在宏观层面表现为国家科技创新政策体系。其次,基于新质生产力的三个维度,构建新质生产力的综合指标体系,通过熵值法测度发现,中国新质生产力总体水平较低,但呈逐年增长趋势,东部地区新质生产力水平远高于中部、西部和东北地区。最后,利用Kernel密度估计法和空间Markov链法分析可知,新质生产力发展不均衡问题较为凸显,空间效应也是影响新质生产力发展的重要因素。

粮食功能区视角下农业高质量发展水平及区域差异研究

基于2016—2020年省级农业发展数据,综合运用改进后的熵值法、Dagum基尼系数等方法,测算了全国及粮食功能区农业高质量发展水平及差异程度,并进一步从一级指标入手,分析了引起区域差异产生和波动的原因。结果表明:(1)三大粮食功能区的农业高质量发展水平均保持上升趋势,按水平由大到小依次为“主销区、主产区、平衡区”。(2)三大粮食功能区存在区域差异,区域间的差异是总体差异的主要来源,区域内差异也出现不同程度的变动。(3)主销区内部差异波动与产业升级指标相关,主产区内部差异波动主要受产出高效和产业升级指标影响,平衡区内部差异波动源于产业升级指标中的追赶效应。(4)区域间差异主要源自产业升级指标,成果共享指标也起到部分影响作用,三大区域各具发展短板。因此,为提升我国农业高质量发展均衡性,应坚持“因地制宜”原则,以水平最低的平衡区为发力点,以产业升级指标为抓手,以各区域发展短板为突破,采取更具针对性的发展措施。