The rapid urbanization of Africa is facing a multitude of challenges.This paper analyzes the seven major issues currently plaguing African urbanization:regional development imbalances,the disconnect between urbanizati...The rapid urbanization of Africa is facing a multitude of challenges.This paper analyzes the seven major issues currently plaguing African urbanization:regional development imbalances,the disconnect between urbanization and economic growth,increasing complexities in the urbanization process,the constraining effect of lagging agriculture,low quality of urbanization,lack of coordination between urbanization and modernization,and excessive population concentration in urban areas.To address these issues,Africa can draw valuable lessons from other countries,particularly from China’s experience in urban development.Since 1978,China has seen a rapid increase in its urbanization rate.The key to this success lies in policy orientation,labor force transition,prioritized regional development,and attracting foreign investment among other strategies.By learning from China’s experience,African countries can optimize agricultural modernization,strengthen the manufacturing sector,increase investment in infrastructure,and accelerate the process of digitization,thereby creating new opportunities for their urbanization process.This paper explores the rapidly developing urbanization process in Africa and the accompanying challenges.It also analyzes China’s experience in urbanization,offering insights and recommendations for Africa’s urban development.展开更多
The water quality in a typical urban river segment originated with reclaimed water in Beijing was monitored for two years to investigate the evolution of water quality along the rivcr, and statistical analysis was app...The water quality in a typical urban river segment originated with reclaimed water in Beijing was monitored for two years to investigate the evolution of water quality along the rivcr, and statistical analysis was applied to determine factors influencing water quality of such river recharged by reclaimed water. It was found that no significant change in pollutant concentrations （including COD, NH4＋-N, TN and TP） was observed during this time, and their average values were close to those of the original reclaimed water. However, turbidity and algal contents fluctuated temporally in the direction of river flow. Statistical analysis showed that turbidity was strongly positively correlated with algal contents for flow rate 〈 0.1 m.s-1. whereas it was strongly positively correlated with both algalcontents and TOC for flow rate 〉 0. 1m. s-1. It was observed that diatom was the absolute predominant phyla with Melosira as the major species. In terms of algal bloom control, the specific growth rate of algae was strongly correlated to temperature, and was influenced by flow rate as well. Compared with two other rivers originated with reclaimed water and one originated with natural water, the Shannon Wiener index in the objective river was the lowest, with values between 0.7 and 1.6, indicating a high risk for algal bloom. Statistics showed that Shannon Wiener index was strongly negatively correlated to nutrient salts and cations.展开更多
文摘The rapid urbanization of Africa is facing a multitude of challenges.This paper analyzes the seven major issues currently plaguing African urbanization:regional development imbalances,the disconnect between urbanization and economic growth,increasing complexities in the urbanization process,the constraining effect of lagging agriculture,low quality of urbanization,lack of coordination between urbanization and modernization,and excessive population concentration in urban areas.To address these issues,Africa can draw valuable lessons from other countries,particularly from China’s experience in urban development.Since 1978,China has seen a rapid increase in its urbanization rate.The key to this success lies in policy orientation,labor force transition,prioritized regional development,and attracting foreign investment among other strategies.By learning from China’s experience,African countries can optimize agricultural modernization,strengthen the manufacturing sector,increase investment in infrastructure,and accelerate the process of digitization,thereby creating new opportunities for their urbanization process.This paper explores the rapidly developing urbanization process in Africa and the accompanying challenges.It also analyzes China’s experience in urbanization,offering insights and recommendations for Africa’s urban development.
文摘The water quality in a typical urban river segment originated with reclaimed water in Beijing was monitored for two years to investigate the evolution of water quality along the rivcr, and statistical analysis was applied to determine factors influencing water quality of such river recharged by reclaimed water. It was found that no significant change in pollutant concentrations （including COD, NH4＋-N, TN and TP） was observed during this time, and their average values were close to those of the original reclaimed water. However, turbidity and algal contents fluctuated temporally in the direction of river flow. Statistical analysis showed that turbidity was strongly positively correlated with algal contents for flow rate 〈 0.1 m.s-1. whereas it was strongly positively correlated with both algalcontents and TOC for flow rate 〉 0. 1m. s-1. It was observed that diatom was the absolute predominant phyla with Melosira as the major species. In terms of algal bloom control, the specific growth rate of algae was strongly correlated to temperature, and was influenced by flow rate as well. Compared with two other rivers originated with reclaimed water and one originated with natural water, the Shannon Wiener index in the objective river was the lowest, with values between 0.7 and 1.6, indicating a high risk for algal bloom. Statistics showed that Shannon Wiener index was strongly negatively correlated to nutrient salts and cations.
