ON101 Cream Increases the Wound Healing Rate in Diabetic Patients with Uremia—Cases Report

Diabetic patients who underwent long-term dialysis may increase the prevalence of foot ulceration. In addition, diabetic foot ulcer (DFUs) patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) do not heal well, and the amputation rate is 6.5 - 10 times higher compared to the non-nephropathic diabetic population. Thus, a suitable therapeutic agent was needed. ON101 is a topical cream that promotes diabetic wound healing through a unique macrophage-regulating ability. In this case series, we included 5 diabetes patients (mean age 54.6 ± 8.7 years, 4 mal) with ESRD (mean eGFR 7.4 ± 3.35 mL/min/1.73m2) and had experienced dialysis for at least 4.5 years. These patients also have UT (University of Texas) grade 2A DFUs that have existed for at least 1.5 months (mean ulcer duration 8.3 ± 8.97 months). These subjects were applied ON101 twice daily for up to 20 weeks, and wound size was recorded during treatment. Among these subjects, three ulcers (patient No. 1, 2, and 3) completely healed within 10 weeks upon ON101 application, and one ulcer was 99% reduced at 20th weeks (patient No. 4). Only one ulcer didn’t show an obvious response that may due to poor compliance in wound care and glucose control. In summary, the overall healing rate was 60%, suggesting ON101 performed equivalence healing efficacy in dialysis patients compared with those who did not have dialysis.

Effect of hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion on dialysis efficiency, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in patients with uremia

Objective:To study the effect of hemodialysis (HD) combined with hemoperfusion (HP) on dialysis efficiency, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in patients with uremia.Methods:A total of 70 patients with uremia who were treated in our hospital between March 2013 and October 2015 were collected and divided into observation group and control group (n=35) according to double-blind randomized control method. Observation group of patients received hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion, control group of patients received hemodialysis alone, and the treatment lasted for 6 months. After 6 months of intervention, automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect renal function indexes and lipid metabolism indexes, and the two-dimensional ultrasound was used to quantitatively determine the carotid atherosclerosis parameters.Results:Before intervention, differences in renal function, lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis levels were not statistically significant between two groups of patients;after 6 months of intervention, renal function indexes blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr),β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and blood uric acid (BUA) levels of observation group were lower than those of control group, lipid metabolism indexes total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB) levels were lower than those of control group, and differences between groups were statistically significant;quantitative carotid ultrasound parameters gray-scale median (GSM) of observation group was higher than that of control group, enhanced intensity (EI) and enhanced density (ED) were lower than those of control group, and differences between groups were statistically significant.Conclusion:Hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion can improve the dialysis efficiency, also reduce lipid metabolism disturbance and delay the formation of atherosclerosis in patients with uremia.

Analysis of Proteomic Components of Sera from Patients with Uremia by Two Dimensional Electrophoresis and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry

Summary： The different sera proteomic components between uremia patients and normal subjects were studied through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis technique. Immobilized pH gradient two- dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （2DE）, silver staining, ImageMaster 2D 5.0 analysis software, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS） and IPI human database searching were used to separate and identify the proteome of the sera from the patients with uremia. The results showed that satisfactory 2DE patterns of the serum proteins were obtained. Twenty-six protein spots showed significant difference in quantity in uremia patients, and 20 protein spots were identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF-MS. It was concluded that good reproducibility could be obtained by applying immobilized pH gradient 2DE to separate and identify the proteome in serum, which provided the foundation for the further study on uremia toxins oertaining to orotein.

Clinical significance of TnI, hs-CRP and NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of myocardial damage in uremia patients

Objective:To study the clinical significance of troponinI(TnI),high sensitivity C reactive protein(hs-CRP)and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP)in the diagnosis of myocardial damage in uremia patients.Methods:114 uremia patients treated in our hospital from January 2017 to February 2019 were selected.According to whether myocardial damage occurred,patients were divided into two groups including uremia group(63 cases)anduremia myocardial damage group(51 cases).50 hospitalized patients with non-chronic kidney disease and non-cardiovascular disease in our hospital were selected as control group.The levels of TnI,hs-CRP and NT-proBNP in 1,3 and 7 days after admission were detected and compared.Meanwhile,the ecg indexes of left?ventricular?ejection?fraction(LVEF)and Thickness of the posterior wall of the left ventricle(LVPWd)were recorded and compared.Person correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the levels of TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP and ecg indexes including LVEF and LVPWd.COX regression analysis was used to analyze the independent riskfactors affecting the clinical prognosis of uremia patients.Results:The levels of TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP in the three groups were significantly different on 1,3,7 days after admission.The levels of the three indexes(TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP)in uremia combined with myocardial damage group and uremia group were decreased with treatment.However,the levels of the three indexes(TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP)in uremia combined with myocardial damage group were the highest(P<0.05).Compared with the other two groups,the LVEF of uremia combined with myocardial damage group was the lowest,while the LVPWd was the thickest,showing a significant difference(P<0.05).There was negativecorrelation between LVEF and TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP levels.However,LVPWd was positively correlated with TnI,hs-CRP and NT-proBNP levels(P<0.05).COX regression analysis showed that TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP levels,LVEF and LVPWd were the independent factors affecting the clinical prognosis of uremia patients Conclusion:The level of TnI,hs-CRP,NT-proBNP was dynamic change in the onset and treatment process in uremia combined with myocardial damage patients,which could be used for early diagnosis of uremia combined with myocardial damage.

Effect of high-flux and low-flux hemodialysis on the side metabolites and cytokines in patients with uremia

Objective:To study the effect of high-flux and low-flux hemodialysis on the side metabolites and cytokines in patients with uremia.Methods: A total of 50 patients with uremia who accepted high-flux hemodialysis and 140 patients with uremia who accepted low-flux hemodialysis in our hospital between March 2015 and March 2016 were selected and included in high-flux group and low-flux group respectively. Before and after dialysis, serum was collected respectively to determine the levels of side metabolites, calcium-phosphorus metabolism indexes and cytokines.Results: 3 months after dialysis, serum Ca levels of two groups of patients were not significantly different from those before dialysis while BUN, Scr,β2-MG, sTfR, P, PTH and AKP levels were significantly lower than those before dialysis;3 months after dialysis, serum BUN, Scr and Ca levels of high-flux group were not significantly different from those of low-flux group whileβ2-MG, sTfR, P, PTH, AKP, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 levels were significantly lower than those of low-flux group.Conclusion:Compared with low-flux hemodialysis, high-flux hemodialysis treatment of uremia can more effectively remove middle molecular and macromolecular toxins, correct calcium-phosphorus metabolism disorder and relieve micro-inflammatory state.

Effect of hemodialysis in combined with hemoperfusion on the toxin clearance rate and carotid intima in patients with uremia

Objective:To explore the effect of hemodialysis (HD) in combined with hemoperfusion (HP) on the toxin clearance rate and carotid intima in patients with uremia.Methods: A total of 40 patients with uremia who were admitted in our hospital from May, 2015 to February, 2017 were included in the study and randomized into the control group (n=20) and the study group (n=20). The patients in the two groups were given routine HD treatment. On the above basis, the patients in the study group were given HP treatment, continuously for 3 months. The toxin content, clearance rate, and serum inflammatory cytokines before and after treatment in the two groups were detected and compared. The ultrasound diagnostic apparatus was used to detect the carotid IMT before and after treatment in the two groups. Results: Scr and BUN after treatment in the two groups, and PTH andβ2-MG contents in the study group were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment. PTH andβ2-MG contents after treatment in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group, while PTH andβ2-MG clearance rate was significantly higher than that in the control group. The serum MDA, hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels after treatment in the two groups were significantly reduced when compared with before treatment. The serum hs-CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α levels after treatment in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group. IMT and plaque area after treatment in the control group were significantly increased when compared with before treatment, while IMT and plaque area in the study group were not significantly changed. The plaque area after treatment in the study group was significantly less than that in the control group.Conclusions: HD in combined with HP can significantly enhance the toxin clearance rate of large molecules in patients with uremia, alleviate the inflammatory reaction, and meanwhile effectively delay the occurrence of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular complications.

Aging and uremia:Is there cellular and molecular crossover?

Many observers have noted that the morphological changes that occur in chronic kidney disease(CKD) patients resemble those seen in the geriatric population, with strikingly similar morbidity and mortality profiles and rates of frailty in the two groups, and shared characteristics at a pathophysiological level especially in respect to the changes seen in their vascular andimmune systems. However, whilst much has been documented about the shared physical characteristics of aging and uremia, the molecular and cellular similarities between the two have received less attention. In order to bridge this perceived gap we have reviewed published research concerning the common molecular processes seen in aging subjects and CKD patients, with specific attention to altered proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, post-translational protein modification, and senescence and telomere attrition. We have also sought to illustrate how the cell death and survival pathways apoptosis, necroptosis and autophagy are closely interrelated, and how an understanding of these overlapping pathways is helpful in order to appreciate the shared molecular basis behind the pathophysiology of aging and uremia. This analysis revealed many common molecular characteristics and showed similar patterns of cellular dysfunction. We conclude that the accelerated aging seen in patients with CKD is underpinned at the molecular level, and that a greater understanding of these molecular processes might eventually lead to new much needed therapeutic strategies of benefit to patients with renal disease.

尿毒症腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的临床特征及影响因素研究

背景胃肠功能紊乱是腹膜透析患者常见的并发症,严重影响患者食欲和情绪,致使患者营养不良、脱水、电解质紊乱或诱发全身炎症反应等,还会导致腹膜透析效能下降,增加医疗难度,降低患者的生活水平。目的观察尿毒症患者腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的临床特征并分析其影响因素,为防治腹膜透析相关胃肠道功能紊乱的临床诊治提供参考。方法本研究为回顾性研究,选取2019-09-01—2021-09-01在天津中医药大学第一附属医院肾病科进行维持性腹膜透析的304例尿毒症患者为研究对象。根据是否合并胃肠功能紊乱将患者分为胃肠功能紊乱组和无胃肠功能紊乱组。收集两组患者的一般资料、合并症、实验室检查指标、透析充分性相关指标等并进行比较。运用SPSS 23.0软件对临床资料进行统计,总结分析腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的临床特征,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探讨尿毒症患者发生腹膜透析相关胃肠道功能紊乱的影响因素。结果304例尿毒症腹膜透析患者中合并胃肠道功能紊乱189例(62.2%),胃肠功能紊乱组患者中位年龄为62(52,67)岁。两组患者年龄、糖尿病肾病原发病比例、合并高血压比例、合并冠心病比例比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者血钙、胆固醇、肌酸激酶、C反应蛋白、总胆红素、血糖、糖化血红蛋白、降钙素原、三酰甘油水平比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者血尿素氮、残肾尿素清除指数(Kt/V)、腹膜Kt/V、总肌酐清除率(Ccr)、残肾Ccr、总Ccr标准化比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病肾病原发病(OR=7.471,95%CI=1.161~48.061,P=0.034)、糖化血红蛋白升高(OR=1.367,95%CI=1.080~1.731,P=0.009)是尿毒症患者发生腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的独立危险因素,残肾Ccr升高(OR=0.952,95%CI=0.908~0.997,P=0.038)是尿毒症患者发生腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的独立保护因素。结论尿毒症患者腹膜透析相关胃肠道功能紊乱发生率较高,多发于老年患者;糖尿病肾病原发病、糖化血红蛋白升高可能是尿毒症患者发生腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的独立危险因素,残肾Ccr升高可能是尿毒症患者发生腹膜透析相关胃肠功能紊乱的独立保护因素。

尿毒清颗粒结合血液透析对尿毒症肾功能、炎症指标改善作用研究

目的评价尿毒清颗粒结合血液透析对尿毒症患者肾功能、炎症指标的改善作用。方法选择2019年1月—2022年1月医院收治的136例尿毒症病人为试验对象,随机将其分成两组。所有患者入院后均给予低盐、低蛋白饮食,控制高血压,纠正贫血和营养不良等。对照组68例患者采用规律血液透析,选择费森4008S型血液透析机,枸橼酸盐透析液,透析血流量在260 mL/min,透析液流量500 mL/min,血液透析通道为颈内静脉,常规肝素抗凝,每周透析3次,每次4 h,连续治疗12周。治疗组68例采用尿毒清颗粒结合血液透析治疗,血液透析方法同对照组,口服尿毒清颗粒,连续治疗12周。比较两组治疗前后中医证候(神疲力乏、肢体沉重、气短懒言、腰膝酸软、脘腹胀满和肌肤甲错)积分变化,肾功能指标[血清尿素氮(Serum urea nitrogen,BUN)、血肌酐(Serum creatinine,SCr)、内生肌酐清除率(Endogenous creatinine clearance,CCr)和24 h尿蛋白定量]变化,炎症指标[转化生长因子-β(Transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)和C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平]变化,营养指标(血浆白蛋白、转铁蛋白和血红蛋白)变化。结果经过12周的治疗,治疗组中达到显效标准的有22例,占比32.35%,达到有效标准的有39例,占比57.35%,总有效人数为61例,占比89.70%。对照组中达到显效标准的有19例,占比27.94%,达到有效标准的有33例,占比48.53%,总有效人数为52例,占比76.47%。组间结果比较显示,治疗组治疗疗效优于对照组(P<0.05);相较于治疗前,治疗后两组病人神疲力乏、肢体沉重、气短懒言、腰膝酸软、脘腹胀满和肌肤甲错等证候积分下降,且治疗组病人的下降幅度较对照组高(P<0.05);相较于治疗前,治疗后两组病人肾功能方面的指标BUN、SCr和24 h尿蛋白定量水平下降,CCr的浓度水平相较于治疗前上升,且治疗组改变的幅度较对照组高(P<0.05);相较于治疗前,治疗后两组病人的CRP、TGF-β和IL-6浓度水平下降,且治疗组改变的幅度较对照组高(P<0.05);治疗组治疗后血浆白蛋白、转铁蛋白和血红蛋白较治疗前升高,且高于同期对照组(P<0.05),对照组治疗前后血浆白蛋白、转铁蛋白和血红蛋白水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论尿毒清颗粒结合血液透析有助于改善尿毒病人的临床方面症状,降低其中医证候的积分,对残余的肾功能发挥保护功能,降低炎症反应,提高营养指标,其临床应用价值值得进一步研究探讨。

尿毒症维持性血液透析患者脑钠肽与干体重的相关性分析

目的分析尿毒症维持性血液透析(MHD)患者血浆脑钠肽(BNP)与干体重(△OH值)的相关性。方法选定解放军总医院第七医学中心于2020年12月至2022年12月就诊的80例尿毒症MHD患者研究,根据△OH值将患者分为两组,干体重达标患者设为干体重达标组(n=30),干体重未达标患者设为干体重未达标组(n=50),比较透析治疗前后血清BNP、△OH值,Pearson分析血清BNP与△OH值的相关性,使用受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析血清BNP对干体重达标的预测价值,统计MHD治疗相关并发症。结果患者透析后血清BNP、△OH值均低于透析前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干体重未达标组血清BNP水平高于干体重达标组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清BNP与△OH值呈正相关性(r=0.359,P<0.05)。血清BNP对于干体重达标具有一定的预测价值(AUC=0.916,95%CI:0.848~0.955,P<0.05),灵敏度96.20%(95%CI:0.853~0.944,P<0.05)、特异度90.16%(95%CI:0.748~0.936,P<0.05)。治疗期间患者均病情平稳,无心血管事件发生,2例患者在透析中有血压偏低表现,予以停止超滤后自行好转,下机后无其他不适。结论尿毒症MHD患者血清BNP表达量与△OH值呈正相关性,临床可通过检测血清BNP表达量,提高对干体重达标的预测效能,从而指导临床针对性地展开治疗。

松果菊苷对尿毒症大鼠肾损伤的影响及机制

目的研究松果菊苷(ECH)对尿毒症(URE)大鼠肾损伤的影响及机制。方法采用5/6肾切除法建立URE大鼠模型。建模成功的大鼠分为尿毒症(URE)组、ECH低剂量[10 mg/(kg·d)]组、ECH中剂量组[20 mg/(kg·d)]、ECH高剂量组[40 mg/(kg·d)]和ECH高剂量+茴香霉素[p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)信号通路激活剂]组[ECH-H+Ani组,40 mg/(kg·d)ECH+2 mg/(kg·d)茴香霉素],另设假手术组,每组12只。各药物组灌胃相应的ECH,ECH-H+Ani组再尾静脉注射茴香霉素,每天1次,连续给药8周。检测大鼠血清中肿瘤细胞因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、血尿素氮(BUN)、β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG)、血肌酐(Scr)、中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白(NGAL)、肾损伤分子1(KIM-1)、胱抑素C(Cys-C)水平,24 h尿蛋白(24 h UP)和肾组织中丙二醛(MDA)水平、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性;观察肾组织病理学变化;检测大鼠肾组织中α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、E-上皮钙黏素(E-cadherin)阳性表达率和p38 MAPK、核因子κB(NF-κB)p65的磷酸化水平。结果与URE组相比,ECH各剂量组大鼠肾小球肿胀及上皮细胞损伤坏死明显减轻,炎症细胞浸润明显减少;肾损伤评分和TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6、BUN、Scr、β2-MG、24 h UP、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、MDA水平及α-SMA阳性表达率、p38 MAPK和NF-κB p65的磷酸化水平均呈剂量依赖性降低而SOD活性和E-cadherin阳性表达率均呈剂量依赖性升高(P<0.05)。茴香霉素可显著逆转高剂量ECH对URE大鼠肾损伤及相关指标的改善作用(P<0.05)。结论ECH可能通过抑制p38 MAPK/NF-κB信号通路激活来抑制URE大鼠的炎症反应和氧化应激反应,增强肾功能,改善肾损伤。

基于肠肾轴理论探讨耳穴压豆对尿毒症透析患者肠源性尿毒素的影响及相关机制探讨

目的:探讨基于肠肾轴理论耳穴压豆对尿毒症透析患者肠源性尿毒素的影响。方法:通过便利抽样法选取广东省第二中医院2021年01月—2022年01月住院的52例尿毒症透析患者,均给予基于肠肾轴理论耳穴压豆法治疗,比较治疗前后肾功能指标、血清肠源性尿毒症毒素硫酸对甲酚(PCS)、硫酸吲哚酚(IS)、便秘症状积分,使用16S rDNA测序分析观察微生态指标肠道菌群变化。结果:治疗后、随访4周血清肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、血清肠源性尿毒症毒素PCS、IS、便秘症状积分均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿毒症透析患者治疗后肠道菌群多样性明显增加,尿毒症透析患者治疗后肠道菌群仍旧以变形杆菌、厚壁菌门为主,其中拟杆菌门相对比治疗前丰度增下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于肠肾轴理论耳穴压豆可有效减轻尿毒症血液透析患者肾功能受损程度,降低PCS、IS水平,调节大便性状,改变肠道菌群结构。

组织瓣环运动位移评价心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能

目的探讨组织瓣环运动位移(TMAD)自动追踪技术定量评价心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能的应用价值。方法纳入60例心室肥厚患者,原发性高血压亚组30例,尿毒症亚组30例,纳入35例健康体检者作为对照组。应用二维斑点追踪技术自动获取心尖四腔心切面、心尖两腔心切面二尖瓣环四个位点TMAD值、左心室整体纵向应变(LVGLS)及左室整体圆周应变(LVGCS),应用Bland-Altman法检验TMAD参数一致性及绘制受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线评价TMAD参数的诊断效能。结果原发性高血压亚组和尿毒症亚组的收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)明显高于对照组(P<0.05);尿毒症亚组的心率(HR)高于原发性高血压亚组及对照组(P<0.05)。尿毒症亚组的TMAD参数及应变参数均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。原发性高血压亚组的LVGLS、T-AP4sep、T-AP4mid%、T-AP2int、T-AP2ant及T-AP2mid%低于对照组(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,TMAD各参数对心室肥厚患者左室收缩功能降低具有中等预测价值。结论TMAD可以定量评价心室肥厚患者的左室收缩功能,且可重复性好。

黄芪桂枝五物汤联合加巴喷丁治疗尿毒症不宁腿综合征患者的效果

目的:探讨黄芪桂枝五物汤联合加巴喷丁治疗尿毒症不宁腿综合征(RLS)的效果。方法:选取2022年6月—2023年6月湖南中医药大学第一附属医院肾脏内科尿毒症RLS患者60例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组,各30例。对照组使用加巴喷丁治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用黄芪桂枝五物汤治疗。比较两组临床疗效、睡眠质量、症状指标及情绪状态。结果:观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.006);治疗后,两组睡眠质量、睡眠效率、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠障碍、催眠药物、日间功能障碍评分均降低,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组国际下肢不宁腿综合征等级评估量表、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表评分降低,观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:黄芪桂枝五物汤联合加巴喷丁治疗尿毒症RLS的效果确切,能有效缓解症状,改善睡眠及心理状况。

HFR对血液透析患者瘙痒症状缓解的案例分析研究

目的观察一种新型血液透析技术—内源性再输注血液透析滤过(hemodiafiltration with endogenous reinfusion,HFR)对缓解血液透析患者瘙痒症状的效果。方法行前后对照研究,比较患者HFR治疗前、后瘙痒症状、睡眠质量、生活质量和相关实验室检查指标。结果HFR治疗前、后瘙痒严重程度(Z=-2.023,P=0.043)、睡眠质量(t=7.318,P<0.001)和生活质量(t=4.804,P=0.003)差异均有统计学意义。结论HFR治疗在一定程度上可减轻尿毒症患者的瘙痒症状,改善其睡眠质量和生活质量。

丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠对尿毒症毒素作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞功能的影响

目的:探讨丹参酮ⅡA磺酸钠(STS)对尿毒症毒素作用下人脐静脉内皮细胞(hUVECs)功能的影响,并阐明其作用机制。方法:将hUVECs进行传代培养并分为空白对照组、尿毒症毒素刺激组、尿毒症毒素+STS组和尿毒症毒素+STS+细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)抑制剂组,其中后2组中STS的浓度为10 mg·L^(-1);先给予各组剪切力刺激,剪切力大小为12 dyn·cm^(-2);采用CCK-8法测定各组细胞增殖活性,Western blotting法检测各组细胞中ERK、核因子κB(NF-κB)和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法检测细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达情况;原位末端转移酶标记技术(TUNEL)法检测各组细胞凋亡率。结果:CCK-8法检测,在剪切力作用后,尿毒症毒素刺激组和尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞增殖活性低于尿毒症毒素+STS组(P<0.01)。Western blotting法检测,与尿毒症毒素组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.01);抑制ERK信号通路后,与空白对照组、尿毒症毒素组和尿毒症毒素+STS组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。RT-qPCR法检测,与尿毒症毒素组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.01);抑制ERK通路后,与空白对照组、尿毒症毒素组和尿毒症毒素+STS组比较,尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组细胞中ERK、NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.01)。TUNEL法检测,尿毒症毒素+STS组的细胞凋亡率小于尿毒症毒素刺激组和尿毒症毒素+STS+ERK抑制剂组(P<0.05)。结论:一定浓度STS能通过ERK信号通路调节NF-κB和Ⅰ型胶原mRNA及蛋白表达来改善尿毒症毒素作用下的内皮细胞增殖,减少细胞凋亡。

尿毒症血液透析患者血红蛋白变化趋势与rHuEPO剂量的关系

目的分析尿毒症血液透析患者血红蛋白变化趋势与重组人促红细胞生成素(rHuEPO)剂量的关系。方法回顾性选取2021年12月至2022年10月该院门诊规律血液透析尿毒症患者73例作为研究对象,每周血液透析3次,每次4 h(包括每个月3~4次血液透析滤过+每个月血液灌流2 h),记录患者rHuEPO剂量,治疗时间为2个月,根据治疗2个月后血红蛋白水平变化趋势设定为上升组(35例)和下降组(38例)。结果上升组治疗2个月后血红蛋白水平较治疗前升高,下降组治疗2个月后血红蛋白水平较治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);上升组rHuEPO使用剂量高于下降组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征曲线分析结果显示,rHuEPO最佳截断值为175.82 IU/(kg·w)时,诊断血红蛋白水平疗效的曲线下面积为0.684,灵敏度为82.9%,特异度为47.4%。结论规律血液透析的尿毒症患者血红蛋白水平升高与rHuEPO使用剂量有关,足量rHuEPO能使大多数患者血红蛋白水平呈上升趋势。

实时三维斑点追踪成像技术在维持性血液透析病人左心功能评价中的应用

目的探讨实时三维斑点追踪成像技术(RT3D-STI)用于评价射血分数保留尿毒症病人心肌功能的临床价值。方法选取就诊于我院诊断为尿毒症的病人118例,根据是否接受维持性血液透析分为透析组和未透析组(21例),透析组进一步分为A组(45例,透析时间<1年)、B组(28例,1年≤透析时间≤3年)和C组(24例,3年<透析时间≤5年);选取同期健康志愿者30例作为对照组。应用RT3D-STI检测左心室整体纵向、径向、圆周应变(GLS、GRS、GCS),左心室整体纵向、径向及圆周应变心肌运动达峰时间(TLS、TRS、TCS),分析各组参数的差异及超声与临床参数相关性。结果与对照组比较,未透析组及透析组GLS、GRS明显减低,TLS、TRS均明显延长(F=9.234~21.592,P<0.05);与未透析组相比,透析组GLS升高,TLS降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与A组比较,B、C组GLS减低,TLS延长,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。尿毒症病人GLS、GRS与左心室心肌质量指数(LVMI)、左心室舒张末期容积(EDV)呈负相关(r=-0.609~-0.446,P<0.01),与左心室射血分数(LVEF)呈正相关(r=0.553、0.513,P<0.01)。结论RT3D-STI可通过检测射血分数保留的尿毒症病人左心室整体应变及整体运动达峰时间,追踪其心肌运动,对病人左心室心肌运动变化情况进行准确评价,并可评估左心室整体及局部功能,有重要的临床应用价值。

尿毒症血液透析患者并发透析性心包炎的危险因素分析

目的:探讨尿毒症血液透析患者并发透析性心包炎的危险因素。方法:回顾性选取2019年3月—2022年11月进入江西省胸科医院行血液透析治疗的240例尿毒症患者作为研究对象,根据透析性心包炎的发生情况将尿毒症患者分为心包炎组(发生透析性心包炎)和对照组(未发生透析性心包炎)。采用logistic回归筛选尿毒症血液透析患者并发透析性心包炎的危险因素。结果:240例尿毒症患者中有41例患者并发透析性心包炎,透析性心包炎的发生率为17.08%(41/240)。心包炎组和对照组的年龄、性别、原发病、血管通路、体重指数、血钙、血磷、血镁、饮酒史及吸烟史比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);心包炎组中使用肝素、透析时间≥2年、尿素清除指数<1.2、贫血、低蛋白血症的比例及趋化因子配体18(CCL18)水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,使用肝素[OR=3.665,95%CI(1.515,8.865)]、透析时间≥2年[OR=3.239,95%CI(1.366,7.682)]、尿素清除指数<1.2[OR=4.428,95%CI(1.651,11.876)]、贫血[OR=3.474,95%CI(1.290,9.351)]、低蛋白血症[OR=3.194,95%CI(1.130,9.031)]、CCL18水平较高[OR=1.095,95%CI(1.052,1.139)]是尿毒症血液透析患者并发透析性心包炎的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:使用肝素、透析时间≥2年、尿素清除指数<1.2、贫血、低蛋白血症及CCL18水平较高是尿毒症血液透析患者并发透析性心包炎的危险因素,临床应考虑以上几项危险因素制订相关的防治对策,以减少透析性心包炎的发生。