BACKGROUND While several treatment options are available for pediatric urethral strictures,the appropriate treatment must be based on several factors.Although endoscopic visual internal urethrotomy(EVIU)could be a fir...BACKGROUND While several treatment options are available for pediatric urethral strictures,the appropriate treatment must be based on several factors.Although endoscopic visual internal urethrotomy(EVIU)could be a first-line treatment option for short pediatric urethral strictures,it is not feasible if the urethroscope cannot pass through the stricture point.Herein,we present a pediatric case of severe posttraumatic bulbous urethral stricture that was successfully treated by EVIU after securing the urethral route via interventional balloon dilatation.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old boy presented at our outpatient clinic with the inability to urinate.He had sustained a straddle injury three months prior.The post-void residual urine volume was 644 mL,and retrograde urethrography confirmed severe stricture of the bulbous urethra.EVIU was planned;however,the first attempt to treat the stricture failed because the urethroscope could not pass through the stricture point.The urethral route was subsequently secured via balloon dilatation of the stricture,which was performed in collaboration with specialists from the department of interventional radiology.The urethroscope was then able to pass,and the repeat EVIU was successful.CONCLUSION Interventional urethral balloon dilatation before EVIU may help secure the urethral route in the treatment of pediatric urethral strictures.展开更多
Biliary duct injuries are frequently iatrogenic, being associated with surgery for gallbladder stones. However, blunt abdominal trauma such as a motor vehicle crash is a rare cause of extrahepatic biliary stricture. A...Biliary duct injuries are frequently iatrogenic, being associated with surgery for gallbladder stones. However, blunt abdominal trauma such as a motor vehicle crash is a rare cause of extrahepatic biliary stricture. A few reports have been published on biliary strictures treated with endoscopic therapy. In the present study, we describe a suprapancreatic biliary stricture associated with mesenteric tear following road traffic accident. We performed endoscopic stent placement, which was successful in relieving the biliary stricture.展开更多
Background Endoscopic treatment for urethral stricture, including cold knife and laser, poses a major challenge to clinical practice. Both the benefits and drawbacks of these two treatments remain controversial. This ...Background Endoscopic treatment for urethral stricture, including cold knife and laser, poses a major challenge to clinical practice. Both the benefits and drawbacks of these two treatments remain controversial. This article aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of laser and cold knife urethrotomy for urethral stricture. Methods We searched PubMed （1966-2009）, Embase （1980-2009）, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials （CCRCT, 2009 No.l） and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM） for laser and cold knife urethrotomy as treatment for male urethral stenosis, looking in the English literatures. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures and extracted information. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis with SPSS15.0. Results A total of 44 articles, including of 3230 cases was retrieved. Success rate of patients treated with laser was 74.9% compared with 68.5% for cold knife, with very similar clinical results despite a statistically significant difference （P=-0.004）. The trend in success rate at a different follow-up time was similar between the two groups. No significant difference in success rate was found between the groups of repeat operation for recurrence cases, first P=0.090 and second P=0.459. The shorter the stricture length was （〈1 cm）, the higher the success rate was （P 〈0.0001）. No significant difference in success rate between the laser and cold knife groups was found in neither bulbar nor membranous urethra, bulbar P=0.660 and membranous P=0.477. The rates of urinary incontinence, urinary extravasation, and urinary tract infection showed no significant difference （P=-0.259, P=0.938, P=-0.653, respectively）. Conclusions Success rates for laser and cold knife were very similar despite being statistically different, with the groups having a similar trend in success rates at different follow-up time. Stricture location and history of endoscopic intervention did impact treatment outcome but was not significantly different. The two groups showed no significant difference in major complications.展开更多
BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recomme...BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recommended as the optimal emergent treatment approach for reducing the likelihood of complications following injury.However,the prior literature suggests the success rate of PER to be relatively low due to complicated urethral disruption.We report a modified PER approach that serves to improve both the success rate and safety of the treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year-old male patient presented with multiple pelvic fractures and complete urethral disruption following a high-velocity traffic accident.The patient’s abdominal computed tomography and retrograde urethrography results revealed complete urethral disruption at the bulbar urethra,with hematoma and contrast medium extravasation that extended into the extraperitoneal space.The conventional retrograde PER by cystoscope failed due to severe disruption and considerable hematoma.Modified simultaneous antegrade and retrograde PER was performed by means of semi-rigid ureteroscopy via a suprapubic Foley catheter and cystoscopy via the external urethra.An antegrade guidewire was passed through the bladder neck and then pulled out through the external urethral meatus with a cystoscope.Urethral continuity was achieved after a 16-Fr silicone Foley catheter was indwelled into the bladder along the guidewire.The patient recovered well,achieving voiding continence and avoiding further operation for urethral stricture.CONCLUSION Modified PER via suprapubic Foley catheter represents a promising and safe treatment approach in patients with posterior urethral injuries.展开更多
Background: Posterior urethral injury usually occurs in male patients with pelvic fractures. Posterior urethral injuries are associated with considerable morbidity including urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction ...Background: Posterior urethral injury usually occurs in male patients with pelvic fractures. Posterior urethral injuries are associated with considerable morbidity including urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction and urethral stricture. Objective: To compare the outcomes between early primary endoscopic realignment and delayed reconstruction in the management of male patients of posterior urethral injury. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the department of urology and department of casualty, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2017 among 50 male patients with posterior urethral injury. Fifty patients were randomly allocated into two groups;the group A consisted of 24 patients underwent early primary endoscopic realignment within 10 days after posterior urethral injury and the group B consisted of 26 patients underwent delayed reconstruction in form of anastomotic urethroplasty after 3 months. All patients were followed up at 3rd, 6th and 9th month after the procedure. Outcome variables were post-operative urethral stricture, urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the study patients was almost similar between the groups (28.8 ± 8.4 vs. 27.4 ± 7.2 years, p = 0.486). In group A, 83.33% patients developed postoperative urethral stricture, none of them developed urinary incontinence and 20.83% developed erectile dysfunction;On the other hand, in group B, these rates were 38.46%, 23.07% and 38.46% respectively. Postoperative urethral stricture formation was significantly higher in Group A (p = 0.0012) but urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction rates were significantly higher in Group B (p = 0.018 and p = 0.042 respectively). Conclusion: Early primary endoscopic realignment is better than delayed reconstruction in the management of male patients with posterior urethral injury. It provides less postoperative complications like urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction, though postoperative urethral stricture formation is higher but amenable to be corrected endoscopically.展开更多
Background: Management of post-corrosive esophageal strictures represents a major challenge for clinicians. There are many options for treatment as dilatation alone or dilatation with injection of corticosteroids, ste...Background: Management of post-corrosive esophageal strictures represents a major challenge for clinicians. There are many options for treatment as dilatation alone or dilatation with injection of corticosteroids, stent placement, and surgery. The aims of the study: This is a retrospective study to assess the success rate of different treatment modalities for post-corrosive esophageal stricture including: endoscopic dilatation, stenting or surgery and to define any complications. Methods: Clinical and endoscopic data for patients with post-corrosive esophageal stricture admitted to the endoscopy unit between September 2012 and September 2017 were collected. Retrospective analysis of data was done to detect the types of treatment, success rate and any detectable complications. Results: A total of 50 patients with their ages ranged between 3 and 20 years were included in this study. Male patients represented 54% (27 patients) and females were 23 (46%). The cause of caustic material ingestion was mainly accidental (47 patients, 94%) and only 3 patients were suicidal (6%). Dilatation was successful in most cases either with or without injection of corticosteroids (39 patients, 78%). Stenting was a good option in cases of refractory or recurrent dilatations (11 patients;22%) with excellent results. Surgery rarely needed (only in one patient) and only when dilatation and stenting failed. Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment of post-corrosive esophageal stricture has a good result and low rate of complications. The covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is a good option in cases of refractory strictures, surgery rarely needed and after failure of previous modalities.展开更多
AIM: To review results of endoscopic treatment for anastomotic biliary strictures after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) during an 8-year period. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all endoscopic retrogra...AIM: To review results of endoscopic treatment for anastomotic biliary strictures after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) during an 8-year period. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographys(ERCPs) performed between May 2006 and June 2014 in deceased OLT recipients with anastomotic stricture at a tertiary care hospital. Patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the type of stent used(multiple plastic or covered self-expandable metal stents), which was chose on a case-by-case basis and their characteristics. The primary outcome was anastomotic stricture resolution rate determined if there was no more than a minimum waist at cholangiography and a 10 mm balloon could easily pass through the anastomosis with no need for further intervention after final stent removal. Secondary outcomes were technical successrate, number or ERCPs required per patient, number of stents placed, stent indwelling, stricture recurrence rate and therapy for recurrent anastomotic biliary stricture(AS). Stricture recurrence was defined as clinical laboratorial and/or imaging evidence of obstruction at the anastomosis level, after it was considered completely treated, requiring subsequent interventional procedure.RESULTS: A total of 195 post-OLT patients were assessed for eligibility. One hundred and sixty-four(164) patients were diagnosed with anastomotic biliary stricture. ERCP was successfully performed in 157/164(95.7%) patients with AS, that were treated with either multiple plastic(n = 109) or metallic billiary stents(n = 48). Mean treatment duration, number of procedures and stents required were lower in the metal stent group. Acute pancreatitis was the most common procedure related complication, occurring in 17.1% in the covered self-expandable metal stents(c SEMS) and 4.1% in the multiple plastic stent(MPS) group. Migration was the most frequent stent related complication, observed in 4.3% and 5.5%(c SEMS and MPS respectively). Stricture resolution was achieved in 86.8% in the c SEMS group and in 91% in MPS group. Stricture recurrence after a median follow up of 20 mo was observed in 10(30.3%) patients in the c SEMS and 7(7.7%) in the plastic stent group, a statistically significant difference(P = 0.0017). Successful stricture resolution after secondary treatment was achieved in 66.6% and 62.5% of patients respectively in the c SEMS and plastic stents groups. CONCLUSION: Multiple plastic stents are currently the first treatment option for AS in patients with duct-toduct anastomosis. c SEMS was associated with increased pancreatitis risk and higher recurrence rate.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Conversion hepaticojejunostomy is considered the salvage intervention for biliary anastomotic stricture,a common complication of right-liver living donor liver transplantation with duct-to-duct anastomosis,...BACKGROUND:Conversion hepaticojejunostomy is considered the salvage intervention for biliary anastomotic stricture,a common complication of right-liver living donor liver transplantation with duct-to-duct anastomosis,after failed endoscopic treatment.The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy with those of endto-side hepaticojejunostomy.METHODS:Prospectively collected data of 402 adult patients who had undergone right-liver living donor liver transplantation with duct-to-duct anastomosis were reviewed.Diagnosis of biliary anastomotic stricture was made based on clinical,biochemical,histological and radiological results.Endoscopic treatment was the first-line treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture.RESULTS:Interventional radiological or endoscopic treatment failed to correct the biliary anastomotic stricture in 13 patients,so they underwent conversion hepaticojejunostomy.Ten of them received end-to-side hepaticojejunostomy and three received side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy.In the end-to-side group,two patients sustained hepatic artery injury requiring repeated microvascular anastomosis,two developed restenosis requiring further percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and balloon dilatation,and two required revision hepaticojejunostomy.In the side-to-side group,one patient developed re-stenosis requiring further endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and balloon dilatation.No re-operation was needed in this group.Otherwise,outcomes in the two groups were similar in terms of liver function and graft survival.CONCLUSIONS:Despite the similar outcomes,side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy may be a better option for bile duct reconstruction after failed interventional radiological or endoscopic treatment because it can decrease the chance of hepatic artery injury and allows future endoscopic treatment if re-stricture develops.However,more large-scale studies are warranted to validate the results.展开更多
目的:探讨男性尿道狭窄的病因,分析近年来尿道狭窄治疗策略,并对复杂性病例进行总结。方法:回顾性分析183例尿道狭窄住院患者资料,包括病因、狭窄部位和长度、治疗策略和相关合并症等。结果:183例尿道狭窄患者平均年龄为49.7岁,以51~65...目的:探讨男性尿道狭窄的病因,分析近年来尿道狭窄治疗策略,并对复杂性病例进行总结。方法:回顾性分析183例尿道狭窄住院患者资料,包括病因、狭窄部位和长度、治疗策略和相关合并症等。结果:183例尿道狭窄患者平均年龄为49.7岁,以51~65岁人群居多(38.8%,71/183);平均病程为64.7个月。外伤性病因占52.4%(96/183),其中骨盆骨折者占35.5%(65/183)、骑跨伤者占16.9%(31/183);医源性损伤者占29.5%。后尿道狭窄占45.9%(84/183),前尿道狭窄占44.8%(82/183),多段狭窄有6.6%(12/183)。99例(54.1%)接受了尿道狭窄段切除端端吻合术;40例(21.9%)接受腔内手术治疗,包括内窥镜下钬激光、冷刀内切开、内窥镜下电刀瘢痕切除、球囊扩张和尿道扩张术等。>65岁尿道狭窄患者27例(14.7%),经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)术后并发尿道狭窄的比例达70.4%,显著高于整体样本的发生率(P<0.01)。结论:近3年男性外伤性和医源性尿道狭窄发生率有所增加。治疗方式从以内窥镜手术为主转变成以尿道成形术为主。展开更多
目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术(transurethral resection of prostate,TURP)术后尿道狭窄的预防及诊治策略。方法回顾性分析2006-2010年本科104例TURP术后尿道狭窄患者临床资料,总结患者术后临床症状、发病时间、狭窄发生部位及疗效,结合...目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术(transurethral resection of prostate,TURP)术后尿道狭窄的预防及诊治策略。方法回顾性分析2006-2010年本科104例TURP术后尿道狭窄患者临床资料,总结患者术后临床症状、发病时间、狭窄发生部位及疗效,结合临床检查情况进行分析。结果前列腺增生患者TURP术后尿道狭窄发生率为(4.44%,104/2 341);TURP术后尿道狭窄多发生于术后1年内,术后4～6个月为本组尿道狭窄发生高发期(41.35%,43/104);TURP术后尿道狭窄最常见狭窄部位为膜部尿道(35.58%,37/104),其次为尿道外口(21.15%,22/104)、膀胱颈(18.27%,19/104)及悬垂部(15.38%,16/104)。结论加强手术操作技能训练、尿管护理及充分润滑有助于预防TURP术后尿道狭窄的发生,治疗需要根据尿道狭窄部位及程度进行选择。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant founded by the Korea Government,No.NRF-2022R1A2C1007169.
文摘BACKGROUND While several treatment options are available for pediatric urethral strictures,the appropriate treatment must be based on several factors.Although endoscopic visual internal urethrotomy(EVIU)could be a first-line treatment option for short pediatric urethral strictures,it is not feasible if the urethroscope cannot pass through the stricture point.Herein,we present a pediatric case of severe posttraumatic bulbous urethral stricture that was successfully treated by EVIU after securing the urethral route via interventional balloon dilatation.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old boy presented at our outpatient clinic with the inability to urinate.He had sustained a straddle injury three months prior.The post-void residual urine volume was 644 mL,and retrograde urethrography confirmed severe stricture of the bulbous urethra.EVIU was planned;however,the first attempt to treat the stricture failed because the urethroscope could not pass through the stricture point.The urethral route was subsequently secured via balloon dilatation of the stricture,which was performed in collaboration with specialists from the department of interventional radiology.The urethroscope was then able to pass,and the repeat EVIU was successful.CONCLUSION Interventional urethral balloon dilatation before EVIU may help secure the urethral route in the treatment of pediatric urethral strictures.
文摘Biliary duct injuries are frequently iatrogenic, being associated with surgery for gallbladder stones. However, blunt abdominal trauma such as a motor vehicle crash is a rare cause of extrahepatic biliary stricture. A few reports have been published on biliary strictures treated with endoscopic therapy. In the present study, we describe a suprapancreatic biliary stricture associated with mesenteric tear following road traffic accident. We performed endoscopic stent placement, which was successful in relieving the biliary stricture.
文摘Background Endoscopic treatment for urethral stricture, including cold knife and laser, poses a major challenge to clinical practice. Both the benefits and drawbacks of these two treatments remain controversial. This article aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of laser and cold knife urethrotomy for urethral stricture. Methods We searched PubMed （1966-2009）, Embase （1980-2009）, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials （CCRCT, 2009 No.l） and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database （CBM） for laser and cold knife urethrotomy as treatment for male urethral stenosis, looking in the English literatures. Two reviewers independently screened the literatures and extracted information. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis with SPSS15.0. Results A total of 44 articles, including of 3230 cases was retrieved. Success rate of patients treated with laser was 74.9% compared with 68.5% for cold knife, with very similar clinical results despite a statistically significant difference （P=-0.004）. The trend in success rate at a different follow-up time was similar between the two groups. No significant difference in success rate was found between the groups of repeat operation for recurrence cases, first P=0.090 and second P=0.459. The shorter the stricture length was （〈1 cm）, the higher the success rate was （P 〈0.0001）. No significant difference in success rate between the laser and cold knife groups was found in neither bulbar nor membranous urethra, bulbar P=0.660 and membranous P=0.477. The rates of urinary incontinence, urinary extravasation, and urinary tract infection showed no significant difference （P=-0.259, P=0.938, P=-0.653, respectively）. Conclusions Success rates for laser and cold knife were very similar despite being statistically different, with the groups having a similar trend in success rates at different follow-up time. Stricture location and history of endoscopic intervention did impact treatment outcome but was not significantly different. The two groups showed no significant difference in major complications.
文摘BACKGROUND A male urethral disruption injury is a urological emergency.Primary endoscopic realignment(PER)refers to reestablishment of urethral alignment via indwelling urethral catheter by cystoscope,which is recommended as the optimal emergent treatment approach for reducing the likelihood of complications following injury.However,the prior literature suggests the success rate of PER to be relatively low due to complicated urethral disruption.We report a modified PER approach that serves to improve both the success rate and safety of the treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 19-year-old male patient presented with multiple pelvic fractures and complete urethral disruption following a high-velocity traffic accident.The patient’s abdominal computed tomography and retrograde urethrography results revealed complete urethral disruption at the bulbar urethra,with hematoma and contrast medium extravasation that extended into the extraperitoneal space.The conventional retrograde PER by cystoscope failed due to severe disruption and considerable hematoma.Modified simultaneous antegrade and retrograde PER was performed by means of semi-rigid ureteroscopy via a suprapubic Foley catheter and cystoscopy via the external urethra.An antegrade guidewire was passed through the bladder neck and then pulled out through the external urethral meatus with a cystoscope.Urethral continuity was achieved after a 16-Fr silicone Foley catheter was indwelled into the bladder along the guidewire.The patient recovered well,achieving voiding continence and avoiding further operation for urethral stricture.CONCLUSION Modified PER via suprapubic Foley catheter represents a promising and safe treatment approach in patients with posterior urethral injuries.
文摘Background: Posterior urethral injury usually occurs in male patients with pelvic fractures. Posterior urethral injuries are associated with considerable morbidity including urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction and urethral stricture. Objective: To compare the outcomes between early primary endoscopic realignment and delayed reconstruction in the management of male patients of posterior urethral injury. Methodology: This prospective study was conducted in the department of urology and department of casualty, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2017 among 50 male patients with posterior urethral injury. Fifty patients were randomly allocated into two groups;the group A consisted of 24 patients underwent early primary endoscopic realignment within 10 days after posterior urethral injury and the group B consisted of 26 patients underwent delayed reconstruction in form of anastomotic urethroplasty after 3 months. All patients were followed up at 3rd, 6th and 9th month after the procedure. Outcome variables were post-operative urethral stricture, urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Data were analyzed and compared by statistical tests. Results: The mean (±SD) age of the study patients was almost similar between the groups (28.8 ± 8.4 vs. 27.4 ± 7.2 years, p = 0.486). In group A, 83.33% patients developed postoperative urethral stricture, none of them developed urinary incontinence and 20.83% developed erectile dysfunction;On the other hand, in group B, these rates were 38.46%, 23.07% and 38.46% respectively. Postoperative urethral stricture formation was significantly higher in Group A (p = 0.0012) but urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction rates were significantly higher in Group B (p = 0.018 and p = 0.042 respectively). Conclusion: Early primary endoscopic realignment is better than delayed reconstruction in the management of male patients with posterior urethral injury. It provides less postoperative complications like urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction, though postoperative urethral stricture formation is higher but amenable to be corrected endoscopically.
文摘Background: Management of post-corrosive esophageal strictures represents a major challenge for clinicians. There are many options for treatment as dilatation alone or dilatation with injection of corticosteroids, stent placement, and surgery. The aims of the study: This is a retrospective study to assess the success rate of different treatment modalities for post-corrosive esophageal stricture including: endoscopic dilatation, stenting or surgery and to define any complications. Methods: Clinical and endoscopic data for patients with post-corrosive esophageal stricture admitted to the endoscopy unit between September 2012 and September 2017 were collected. Retrospective analysis of data was done to detect the types of treatment, success rate and any detectable complications. Results: A total of 50 patients with their ages ranged between 3 and 20 years were included in this study. Male patients represented 54% (27 patients) and females were 23 (46%). The cause of caustic material ingestion was mainly accidental (47 patients, 94%) and only 3 patients were suicidal (6%). Dilatation was successful in most cases either with or without injection of corticosteroids (39 patients, 78%). Stenting was a good option in cases of refractory or recurrent dilatations (11 patients;22%) with excellent results. Surgery rarely needed (only in one patient) and only when dilatation and stenting failed. Conclusions: Endoscopic treatment of post-corrosive esophageal stricture has a good result and low rate of complications. The covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) is a good option in cases of refractory strictures, surgery rarely needed and after failure of previous modalities.
基金Supported by Boston Scientific,EMcison,Xlumena,Mauna Kea Tech,MI Tech,Apollo Endosurgery,Cook Endoscopy,W.L.Gore Associates,GI Dynamics and ASPIRE Bariatrics(Kahaleh M)
文摘AIM: To review results of endoscopic treatment for anastomotic biliary strictures after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT) during an 8-year period. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of all endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographys(ERCPs) performed between May 2006 and June 2014 in deceased OLT recipients with anastomotic stricture at a tertiary care hospital. Patients were divided into 2 groups, according to the type of stent used(multiple plastic or covered self-expandable metal stents), which was chose on a case-by-case basis and their characteristics. The primary outcome was anastomotic stricture resolution rate determined if there was no more than a minimum waist at cholangiography and a 10 mm balloon could easily pass through the anastomosis with no need for further intervention after final stent removal. Secondary outcomes were technical successrate, number or ERCPs required per patient, number of stents placed, stent indwelling, stricture recurrence rate and therapy for recurrent anastomotic biliary stricture(AS). Stricture recurrence was defined as clinical laboratorial and/or imaging evidence of obstruction at the anastomosis level, after it was considered completely treated, requiring subsequent interventional procedure.RESULTS: A total of 195 post-OLT patients were assessed for eligibility. One hundred and sixty-four(164) patients were diagnosed with anastomotic biliary stricture. ERCP was successfully performed in 157/164(95.7%) patients with AS, that were treated with either multiple plastic(n = 109) or metallic billiary stents(n = 48). Mean treatment duration, number of procedures and stents required were lower in the metal stent group. Acute pancreatitis was the most common procedure related complication, occurring in 17.1% in the covered self-expandable metal stents(c SEMS) and 4.1% in the multiple plastic stent(MPS) group. Migration was the most frequent stent related complication, observed in 4.3% and 5.5%(c SEMS and MPS respectively). Stricture resolution was achieved in 86.8% in the c SEMS group and in 91% in MPS group. Stricture recurrence after a median follow up of 20 mo was observed in 10(30.3%) patients in the c SEMS and 7(7.7%) in the plastic stent group, a statistically significant difference(P = 0.0017). Successful stricture resolution after secondary treatment was achieved in 66.6% and 62.5% of patients respectively in the c SEMS and plastic stents groups. CONCLUSION: Multiple plastic stents are currently the first treatment option for AS in patients with duct-toduct anastomosis. c SEMS was associated with increased pancreatitis risk and higher recurrence rate.
文摘BACKGROUND:Conversion hepaticojejunostomy is considered the salvage intervention for biliary anastomotic stricture,a common complication of right-liver living donor liver transplantation with duct-to-duct anastomosis,after failed endoscopic treatment.The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes of side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy with those of endto-side hepaticojejunostomy.METHODS:Prospectively collected data of 402 adult patients who had undergone right-liver living donor liver transplantation with duct-to-duct anastomosis were reviewed.Diagnosis of biliary anastomotic stricture was made based on clinical,biochemical,histological and radiological results.Endoscopic treatment was the first-line treatment of biliary anastomotic stricture.RESULTS:Interventional radiological or endoscopic treatment failed to correct the biliary anastomotic stricture in 13 patients,so they underwent conversion hepaticojejunostomy.Ten of them received end-to-side hepaticojejunostomy and three received side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy.In the end-to-side group,two patients sustained hepatic artery injury requiring repeated microvascular anastomosis,two developed restenosis requiring further percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and balloon dilatation,and two required revision hepaticojejunostomy.In the side-to-side group,one patient developed re-stenosis requiring further endoscopic retrograde cholangiography and balloon dilatation.No re-operation was needed in this group.Otherwise,outcomes in the two groups were similar in terms of liver function and graft survival.CONCLUSIONS:Despite the similar outcomes,side-to-side hepaticojejunostomy may be a better option for bile duct reconstruction after failed interventional radiological or endoscopic treatment because it can decrease the chance of hepatic artery injury and allows future endoscopic treatment if re-stricture develops.However,more large-scale studies are warranted to validate the results.
文摘目的:探讨男性尿道狭窄的病因,分析近年来尿道狭窄治疗策略,并对复杂性病例进行总结。方法:回顾性分析183例尿道狭窄住院患者资料,包括病因、狭窄部位和长度、治疗策略和相关合并症等。结果:183例尿道狭窄患者平均年龄为49.7岁,以51~65岁人群居多(38.8%,71/183);平均病程为64.7个月。外伤性病因占52.4%(96/183),其中骨盆骨折者占35.5%(65/183)、骑跨伤者占16.9%(31/183);医源性损伤者占29.5%。后尿道狭窄占45.9%(84/183),前尿道狭窄占44.8%(82/183),多段狭窄有6.6%(12/183)。99例(54.1%)接受了尿道狭窄段切除端端吻合术;40例(21.9%)接受腔内手术治疗,包括内窥镜下钬激光、冷刀内切开、内窥镜下电刀瘢痕切除、球囊扩张和尿道扩张术等。>65岁尿道狭窄患者27例(14.7%),经尿道前列腺电切术(transurethral resection of the prostate,TURP)术后并发尿道狭窄的比例达70.4%,显著高于整体样本的发生率(P<0.01)。结论:近3年男性外伤性和医源性尿道狭窄发生率有所增加。治疗方式从以内窥镜手术为主转变成以尿道成形术为主。
文摘目的探讨经尿道前列腺切除术(transurethral resection of prostate,TURP)术后尿道狭窄的预防及诊治策略。方法回顾性分析2006-2010年本科104例TURP术后尿道狭窄患者临床资料,总结患者术后临床症状、发病时间、狭窄发生部位及疗效,结合临床检查情况进行分析。结果前列腺增生患者TURP术后尿道狭窄发生率为(4.44%,104/2 341);TURP术后尿道狭窄多发生于术后1年内,术后4～6个月为本组尿道狭窄发生高发期(41.35%,43/104);TURP术后尿道狭窄最常见狭窄部位为膜部尿道(35.58%,37/104),其次为尿道外口(21.15%,22/104)、膀胱颈(18.27%,19/104)及悬垂部(15.38%,16/104)。结论加强手术操作技能训练、尿管护理及充分润滑有助于预防TURP术后尿道狭窄的发生,治疗需要根据尿道狭窄部位及程度进行选择。
