A smartphone-based calibration-free portable urinalysis device

As one of the most common medical diagnosis methods, urinalysis is a highly demanded technique for screening tests or daily monitoring of various diseases. With the rapid development of POC(point-of-care) systems, a convenient house-using urinalysis device is widely needed. However, considering the difference of onboard systems and multiple test indicators in urinalysis, the design of such an intelligent device is still challenging. In this paper, a smartphone-based portable urinalysis system has been developed and applied for the colorimetric analysis of routine urine examination indices using an Android app. By integrating the test paper sensor in the portable device for urinalysis,our system significantly improves the instability of conventional dipstick-based manual colorimetry, and the smartphone application used for color discrimination enhances the accuracy of the visual assessment of sample strips. Using a simple operation approach that takes ~ 2 min per test, our system can be applied as rapid urinalysis for routine check-ups.

Verification and Application Evaluation of Intelligent Audit Rules for The UN9000 Urine Analysis System

Objective:To apply and verify the application of intelligent audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.Method:A total of 1139 urine samples of hospitalized patients in Tai’an Central Hospital from September 2021 to November 2021 were randomly selected,and all samples were manually microscopic examined after the detection of the UN9000 urine analysis line.The intelligent audit rules(including the microscopic review rules and manual verification rules)were validated based on the manual microscopic examination and manual audit,and the rules were adjusted to apply to our laboratory.The laboratory turnaround time(TAT)before and after the application of intelligent audit rules was compared.Result:The microscopic review rate of intelligent rules was 25.63%(292/1139),the true positive rate,false positive rate,true negative rate,and false negative rate were 27.66%(315/1139),6.49%(74/1139),62.34%(710/1139)and 3.51%(40/1139),respectively.The approval consistency rate of manual verification rules was 84.92%(727/856),the approval inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856),the interception consistency rate was 12.61%(108/856),and the interception inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856).Conclusion:The intelligence audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.have good clinical applicability in our laboratory.

The indispensable role of urinalysis for patients undergoing treatment for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer

Despite several efforts in the search for noninvasive biomarkers to provide prognostic information for noninvasive muscle bladder cancer,none have shown significant potential.In this context,standard urinalysis is still necessary to provide many data.This method is an inexpensive,simple,and easy-to-repeat tool to follow-up patients over time.Urinalysis does not fall within study protocols and allows evaluation of the immune activation/response(even if indirectly).As such,this method can certainly provide useful information for prognosis.

Urinary follicle stimulating hormone can be used as a biomarker to assess male reproductive function

Aim: To develop an algorithm for use in population-based studies to assess testicular function by measurements of totalurinary follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). Methods: Total concentrations of urinary FSH were measured in a groupof 44 men at the University of California, Davis (UCD) and were compared to FSH measurements in serum. On thebasis of these and other published data, a urinary FSH value of >2 ng/mg creatinine (Cr) was selected as the cutoffpoint to identify men with elevated serum FSH ( > 12 IU/L) or low sperm counts ( < 20 million/mL). Results: Thesensitivity and specificity of this algorithm for detecting elevated serum FSH in a group of 58 agricultural workers in thePeople's Republic of China were 100 % and 50 %, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of this algorithm fordetecting low sperm counts in a population of 105 infertility patients at UCD were 58 % and 76 %, respectively.Conclusion: This test may have particular value in identifying populations with no evidence of testicular toxicity, andin which labor-intensive semen studies may not be feasible.

Effect of a novel dietary supplement on pH levels of healthy volunteers:a pilot study

OBJECTIVE： To examine the effects of a greens alkalizing dietary supplement on urinary pH levels in individuals with lower-than-average pH levels. METHODS： The present study investigated the effects of an alkalizing formula （Reserveage Wholeganic GreensTM） on four individuals who had average urinary pH levels below 6.0 for three consecutive days. Following the three-day, baseline period, participants received Reserveage Wholeganic GreensTM for four consecutive days and were instructed to continue to measure their urine pH levels. Paired samples t-tests were used to examine pH levels before and after a four-day treatment period with Reserveage Wholeganic GreensTM. RESULTS： Compared to baseline, mean urine pH levels in all volunteers were significantly higher following the supplementation with Reserveage Wholeganic GreensTM （5.89 ±0.20 vs 5.56 ± 0.23; P〈0.01）. Participants＇ pH levels were also significantly higher than baseline on days 5, 6, and 7 of the treatment period （P 〈 0.05）. Noteworthy, on day 7, participants＇ mean pH levels were significantly higher than at the beginning of the treatment period （6.03 ± 0.15 at day 7 vs 5.65 ± 0.24 at day 4; P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： The findings of this study suggest that supplementation with Reserveage Wholeganic GreensTM has an alkalizing effect on the body and can increase the urine pH levels in individuals with lower-than-average pH levels.

Relation of Urobilinogen Presence Resence in the Selection of Food (SALTY or Sweet)?

The total amount of 100 subjects were contributed in this review and all were the students who are studying in Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan,Pakistan.The bilirubin is metabolized in the gut which produced a colorless pigment known as urobilinogen.It is by-product of bilirubin which is used to break down the red blood cells in hemolysis.Salty food contains usually more minerals and vitamins while sweet food is enriched with carbohydrates,water and many other fats soluble substances.Every person has a unique taste according to their taste buds.A questionnaire based was made to relate the urobilinogen with the food(salty or sweet).Urinalysis is a method which is used to measure the urobilinogen in urine.It was concluded that there is a scientific relation between the presence of urobilinogen in urine with eating of salty or sugary food.Table no.1 represents that urobilinogen play important role in the choice of eating either salty food more or sweet.

招飞体检尿常规检测分析前质量控制

检验医学是临床医学的重要组成部分,其质量主要由仪器设备、试剂性能、检测方法以及人员操作所决定.检测质量的保证主要涉及3个环节,即分析前、分析中和分析后.随着实验室各项条件的不断优化、人员素质的提高、以及室内和室间质控的开展,分析中和分析后各项实验误差已经被控制到了最低限度,而分析前的质量往往被忽略,并且难以控制.

Combined detection of urine specific gravity and BK viruria on prediction of BK polyomavirus nephropathy in kidney transplant recipients

Background:BK polyomavirus(BKPyV)-associated nephropathy(BKPyVAN)is an important cause of dysfunction and failure of renal transplants.This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of morning urine specific gravity(MUSG)in diagnosing BKPyVAN in kidney transplant recipients.Methods:A total of 87 patients,including 27 with BKPyVAN,22 with isolated BKPyV viruria,18 with T cell-mediated rejection(TCMR),and 20 with stable graft function,were enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from March 2015 to February 2017.MUSG at biopsy and during a follow-up period of 24 months after biopsy was collected and analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to determine the ability of MUSG to discriminate BKPyVAN.Results:At biopsy,the MUSG of BKPyVAN group(1.008±0.003)was significantly lower than that of isolated BK viruria group(1.013±0.004,P<0.001),TCMR group(1.011±0.003,P=0.027),and control group(1.014±0.006,P<0.001).There was no significant difference in MUSG among the isolated BK viruria group,TCMR group,and control group(P=0.253).In BKPyVAN group,the timing and trend of MUSG elevate were consistent with the timing and trend of the decline of viral load in urine and plasma,reaching a statistical difference at 3 months after treatment(1.012±0.003,P<0.001)compared with values at diagnosis.ROC analysis indicated that the optimal cut-off value of MUSG for diagnosis of BKPyVAN was 1.009,with an area under the ROC curve(AUC)of 0.803(95%confidence interval[CI]:0.721–0.937).For differentiating BKPyVAN and TCMR,the optimal MUSG cut-off value was 1.010,with an AUC of 0.811(95%CI:0.687–0.934).Conclusion:Combined detection of MUSG and BKPyV viruria is valuable for predicting BKPyVAN and distinguishing BKPyVAN from TCMR in renal transplant recipients.

Evaluation of the Quick Wee method of inducing faster clean catch urine collection in pre‑continent infants: a randomized controlled trial

Introduction The acquisition of non-contaminated urine samples in pre-continent infants remains a challenge.The Quick Wee method uses bladder stimulation to induce voiding.A previous randomized trial showed a higher rate of voiding within 5 minutes using this method.We evaluated this method in an Irish hospital providing secondary care.Methods A non-blinded,randomized,controlled trial was carried out.Eligible infants were between 1 and 12 months of age,who required urine sampling as part of clinical care.Participants were randomly allocated to receive the intervention(Quick Wee Method—supra-pubic stimulation with cold saline)or the control(usual care—clean catch with no bladder stimulation)for 5 min.Primary outcome was voiding of urine within 5 min.Results A total of 140 infants were included in this study(73 in intervention group;67 in control group).Baseline characteristics were similar.25%in the intervention group passed urine in the 5-min trial period compared with 18%in the control group[P=0.4,absolute diference 7%(95%confdence interval:−7%to+20%)].Conclusion The Quick Wee method is a simple and inexpensive intervention that did not show a statistically signifcant increase in urine samples obtained in pre-continent infants.