Renal artery embolization in the treatment of urinary fistula after renal duplication:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Duplicate renal malformation is a congenital disease of the urinary system,with an incidence rate of 0.8%.Surgical treatment is suitable for symptomatic patients.Urinary fistula is one of the complications of heminephrectomy.Long-term urinary fistula has a great impact on patients'lives.CASE SUMMARY This article mainly reports on a 47-year-old man with duplication of kidney deformity,long urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy,and no improvement after conservative treatment.We have achieved positive results in the arterial embolization treatment of the residual renal artery,indicating that selective arterial embolization is a good way to treat urinary fistula after partial nephrectomy.It is worth noting that this patient violated the Weigert-Meyer law,which also gave us more consideration.CONCLUSION Renal artery embolization may be a simple and safe method to treat urinary fistula inefficacy with conservative treatment.

Comparison of post-urethroplasty complication rates in pediatric cases with hypospadias using Vicryl or polydioxanone sutures

Objective:Hypospadias is a common congenital problem among male newborns.Both rapid absorbable sutures(polyglactin,Vicryl)and delayed absorbable sutures(polydioxanone,PDO)are used in hypospadias repair based on the surgeon's preference.This study was conducted to compare post-urethroplasty complication rates in pediatric patients with hypospadias using Vicryl or PDO sutures.Methods:This is a retrospective study which was designed and performed on 583 children aged 1-7 years old who had undergone hypospadias repair from January 2012 to December 2018.Required data were obtained from the patients'medical records.Results:Overall,post-surgical complications were observed in 60(10.3%)patients comprising urethro-cutaneous fistula(n=39,6.7%),meatal stenosis(n=10,1.7%),urethral stricture(n=7,1.2%),and glans dehiscence(n=4,0.7%).The mean age of the children with complications was 3.0±1.3 years.According to Kaplan-Meier estimate,the interval between surgery and development of complications was significantly shorter in the Vicryl group(p=0.037).Overall,complications were more prevalent in Vicryl suture than PDO suture(15.1%vs.5.3%,p<0.001).Regression model revealed that in comparison to the distal type,proximal hypospadias(odds ratio[OR]:103.9,95%confidence interval[CI]:32.2-334.9,p<0.001)and mid-shaft hypospadias(OR:82.9,95%CI:25.9-264.6,p<0.001)while using Vicryl suture instead of PDO suture(OR:62.4,95%CI:21.2-183.8,p<0.001)increased the odds of developing post-urethroplasty complications.Conclusion:We suggest PDO suture in the repair of hypospadias due to its lower complication rate,especially in cases of proximal and mid-shaft hypospadias which can get more complicated than the distal type.

Management of persistent urine leak after partial nephrectomy:A case series

Urinary leak is one of the most significant complications after partial nephrectomy.In case of persistent urine leaks,placement of a ureteral stent is effective but not always sufficient.This study included 5 patients with persistent urinary leak after partial nephrectomy.The patients underwent flexible ureteroscopy wherein we identified the damaged calyx.Subsequently,we performed percutaneous puncture targeting the distal end of the endoscope at this calyx and installed a nephrostomy tube.Then,the endoscope was removed,and the ureter was drained with a stent.Ureteral stenting ensures elimination of urinary leak in most patients after partial nephrectomy.In patients with persistent urinary leak,retrograde endoscopic percutaneous drainage of the pelvicalyceal system is the method of choice because it allows for rapid and effective treatment of urinary fistulas.

Spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty reduces glans complications after proximal hypospadias repair

We aim to design a new glanuloplasty procedure combined with spongiosum to reduce the incidence of glans dehiscence and coronal fistula after proximal hypospadias repair.Patients who underwent urethroplasty by dorsal preputial island flap for proximal hypospadias between January 2014 and December 2016 were reviewed in this retrospective cohort study.Those who underwent spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty comprised the new-maneuver group,whereas those who underwent conventional glanuloplasty comprised the control group.The incidence of complications was then compared.In the new-maneuver group,dysplastic corpus spongiosum alongside lateral Buck's fascia(0.3-0.4 cm wide)on both sides of the urethral plate was separated from the proximal normal spongy tissue,joining into the glans wings to increase tissue volume and covering the neourethra in the glans penis.In the control group,the neourethra was covered with superficial fascia under the coronal sulcus.As a result,the new-maneuver and control groups comprised 47 and 28 patients,respectively.In the new-maneuver group,no glans dehiscence was detected;however,two(4.3%)patients had coronal fistula,two(4.3%)had urethral stricture,and four(8.5%)had diverticulum.In the control group,two(7.1%)patients had glans dehiscence,eight(28.6%)had coronal fistula,four(14.3%)had urethral stricture,one(3.6%)had diverticulum,and one(3.6%)had penile curvature recurrence.The new-maneuver group had less incidences of coronal fistula(P<0.001),glans dehiscence(P=0.033),and urethral stricture(P=0.008)but had a higher incidence of diverticulum than the control group(P=0.040).It clearly demonstrates that spongiosum-combined glanuloplasty can significantly reduce the incidences of coronal fistula and glans dehisce.