In my article in JAC 15,I discuss“the Mada calendar”of Puzri-Dagan of the UrⅢ period.This calendar started from the month iti-ma-d-k while its alternatecycle“the Akiti Calendar”started from the month iti-ki-ti(vi...In my article in JAC 15,I discuss“the Mada calendar”of Puzri-Dagan of the UrⅢ period.This calendar started from the month iti-ma-d-k while its alternatecycle“the Akiti Calendar”started from the month iti-ki-ti(vi).The Akiticalendar was only used for three whole and two half years(ulgi 44’viii’-xii',45’-47’,48’i’-vii’)during the Mada years of ulgi 45/i to ulgi 48/xii.It wasonly used by the main office of Puzri-Dagan.展开更多
Introduction: The Ho:YAG-Laser is categorized as a potentially dangerous lithotripsy device (DIN: Class 4) for perforation which is mainly caused by the photonic energy the laser emits. Long time complications like ur...Introduction: The Ho:YAG-Laser is categorized as a potentially dangerous lithotripsy device (DIN: Class 4) for perforation which is mainly caused by the photonic energy the laser emits. Long time complications like ureteral strictures seem to be directed by thermal and mechanical injury. In this study different energy settings a) are being investigated, a DJ (double J stent) is placed beside the laser to simulate a therapy of a forgotten stent with reduction of the lumen b) due to the volume exploitation of the DJ, and direct contact between the laser fiber and the DJ in the ureter c) is simulated during laser exposure. Materials and Methods: We used the Ho:YAG-laser (Vera PulseTM, Coherent, Santa Clara USA) with a 365 μm diameter laser fiber. The settings of the laser were 0.6 J and 1 J pulse energy with a frequency of 5 Hz. The experimental setup was closely aligned with the clinical situation. The tip of the thermometer was attached inside the catheter through a puncture. The laser fiber was guided by means of a rigid URS video device (11.5 Ch). We had four different settings for a), b) and c) during the measurement: 1) Distance of 0.5 cm between the laser and the thermometer;without irrigation, 2) Distance of 0.5 cm between the laser and the thermometer;with irrigation, 3) Distance of 1 cm between the laser and the thermometer;without irrigation, 4) Distance of 1 cm between the laser and the thermometer;with irrigation. Results: The temperature in an empty ureter rises approximately by 5°C, when the laser energy is increased from 0.6 J to 1 J. When a DJ is inserted in the artificial ureter there is surprisingly almost no difference in the maximum temperature between the lower energy level (0.6 J) and the high energy level (1 J). However the time needed to reach the maximum temperature is noticibly less when using high energy levels. The reduction involume based on the placement of the DJ leads to a higher maximum temperature for the low energy setting. The third setting with direct laser fiber contact with the DJ produces the highest temperatures of up to 55°C. We think there must be a melting or burning of the DJ which leads to a temperature rise. Bubble formation was a sign of heating in the ureter in every setting without irrigation. A temperature fall off with increasing distance between the laser fiber and the thermometer is noticable when measuring without irrigation. Conclusion: There is no relevant heating with irrigation. Direct contact between the laser fiber and the DJ seems to evoke additional heating because of melting or underwater burning of the DJ. The maximum temperatures reached without irrigation are limited to a relatively small volume since the is a noticable temperature fall of when increasing the distance between the laser fiber and the thermometer.展开更多
The aim of the present article is twofold:firstly,to prove that the expression animal+young du_(3)(-a),which is basically documented in texts from the 3rd millennium BC,refers to a dam that has just given birth,and se...The aim of the present article is twofold:firstly,to prove that the expression animal+young du_(3)(-a),which is basically documented in texts from the 3rd millennium BC,refers to a dam that has just given birth,and secondly,to show the information concerning female animals and their newborns available in the texts.展开更多
本文研究了一种基于UR16e的主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人。传统的配网带电作业存在安全风险和人力资源浪费的问题,因此开发一种能够实现带电作业的机器人是非常重要的。本研究首先介绍了基于主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机...本文研究了一种基于UR16e的主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人。传统的配网带电作业存在安全风险和人力资源浪费的问题,因此开发一种能够实现带电作业的机器人是非常重要的。本研究首先介绍了基于主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人的研究概述。随后讨论了基于主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人的系统及原理。最后提出了一种基于主从式遥操作技术的机器人系统设计框架,该系统设计由UR16e的优傲机器人作为主机,以罗技的6轴12键飞行摇杆Logitech Extreme 3D Pro Joystick和多个从机组成,此外系统还配有视觉/力觉辅助控制实现。展开更多
文摘In my article in JAC 15,I discuss“the Mada calendar”of Puzri-Dagan of the UrⅢ period.This calendar started from the month iti-ma-d-k while its alternatecycle“the Akiti Calendar”started from the month iti-ki-ti(vi).The Akiticalendar was only used for three whole and two half years(ulgi 44’viii’-xii',45’-47’,48’i’-vii’)during the Mada years of ulgi 45/i to ulgi 48/xii.It wasonly used by the main office of Puzri-Dagan.
文摘Introduction: The Ho:YAG-Laser is categorized as a potentially dangerous lithotripsy device (DIN: Class 4) for perforation which is mainly caused by the photonic energy the laser emits. Long time complications like ureteral strictures seem to be directed by thermal and mechanical injury. In this study different energy settings a) are being investigated, a DJ (double J stent) is placed beside the laser to simulate a therapy of a forgotten stent with reduction of the lumen b) due to the volume exploitation of the DJ, and direct contact between the laser fiber and the DJ in the ureter c) is simulated during laser exposure. Materials and Methods: We used the Ho:YAG-laser (Vera PulseTM, Coherent, Santa Clara USA) with a 365 μm diameter laser fiber. The settings of the laser were 0.6 J and 1 J pulse energy with a frequency of 5 Hz. The experimental setup was closely aligned with the clinical situation. The tip of the thermometer was attached inside the catheter through a puncture. The laser fiber was guided by means of a rigid URS video device (11.5 Ch). We had four different settings for a), b) and c) during the measurement: 1) Distance of 0.5 cm between the laser and the thermometer;without irrigation, 2) Distance of 0.5 cm between the laser and the thermometer;with irrigation, 3) Distance of 1 cm between the laser and the thermometer;without irrigation, 4) Distance of 1 cm between the laser and the thermometer;with irrigation. Results: The temperature in an empty ureter rises approximately by 5°C, when the laser energy is increased from 0.6 J to 1 J. When a DJ is inserted in the artificial ureter there is surprisingly almost no difference in the maximum temperature between the lower energy level (0.6 J) and the high energy level (1 J). However the time needed to reach the maximum temperature is noticibly less when using high energy levels. The reduction involume based on the placement of the DJ leads to a higher maximum temperature for the low energy setting. The third setting with direct laser fiber contact with the DJ produces the highest temperatures of up to 55°C. We think there must be a melting or burning of the DJ which leads to a temperature rise. Bubble formation was a sign of heating in the ureter in every setting without irrigation. A temperature fall off with increasing distance between the laser fiber and the thermometer is noticable when measuring without irrigation. Conclusion: There is no relevant heating with irrigation. Direct contact between the laser fiber and the DJ seems to evoke additional heating because of melting or underwater burning of the DJ. The maximum temperatures reached without irrigation are limited to a relatively small volume since the is a noticable temperature fall of when increasing the distance between the laser fiber and the thermometer.
文摘The aim of the present article is twofold:firstly,to prove that the expression animal+young du_(3)(-a),which is basically documented in texts from the 3rd millennium BC,refers to a dam that has just given birth,and secondly,to show the information concerning female animals and their newborns available in the texts.
文摘本文研究了一种基于UR16e的主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人。传统的配网带电作业存在安全风险和人力资源浪费的问题,因此开发一种能够实现带电作业的机器人是非常重要的。本研究首先介绍了基于主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人的研究概述。随后讨论了基于主从式遥操作技术的配网带电作业机器人的系统及原理。最后提出了一种基于主从式遥操作技术的机器人系统设计框架,该系统设计由UR16e的优傲机器人作为主机,以罗技的6轴12键飞行摇杆Logitech Extreme 3D Pro Joystick和多个从机组成,此外系统还配有视觉/力觉辅助控制实现。