A Study of the Use and Translation of Archaic Functional Vocabulary in the Berne Convention

The archaic functional vocabulary is highly with the legal features of formality and conservativeness and still holding a place in legal English.The Berne Convention is a good example to study the use and translation of the archaic functional vocabulary.By studying what archaic functional words or phrases are used in the Berne Convention,their meanings and the different use frequencies of them between the Berne Convention and the Copy Right Law of PRC,it has been found that arhcaic adverbs are used of low frequency,while some adjectives or adjectival groups as well as some prepositions or prepositional phrases are used of high frequencies.The use frequencies of the archaic functional vocabulary is higher in the Berne Convention than those in the Copy Right law of PRC.Some suggestions can be put forward to help improve translating Chinese legal documents into English or writing English legal documents.

French Listening Strategies Used by Postgraduates of English Majors

The author intends to find out a set of French listening strategies used by postgraduates of English majors. Questionnaire is used in this research. It is designed according to a listening strategy study done by O'Malley and Chamot. After analyzing the data, a set of French listening strategies is worked out, as well as two orders concerning the strategies used: order of using frequency, order of importance.

The Study of Thematic Progression Patterns in TEM8 News Discourse

This paper studies thematic progression patterns of 20 news items in TEM8 based on the theories of theme and rheme.The use frequencies of three thematic progression patterns are calculated and analyzed to propose some implications on improving listening comprehension.

Frequency Domain Approach for Face Recognition Using Optical Vanderlugt Filters

In this paper human face machine identification is experienced using optical correlation techniques in spatial frequency domain. This approach is tested on ORL dataset of faces which includes face images of 40 subjects, each in 10 different positions. The examined optical setup relies on optical correlation based on developing optical Vanderlugt filters and its basics are described in this article. With the limitation of face database of 40 persons, the recognition is examined successfully with nearly 100% of accuracy in matching the input images with their respective Vanderlugt synthesized filters. Software simulation is implemented by using MATLAB for face identification.

Towards 10 Gb/s orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based visible light communication using a GaN violet micro-LED

Visible light communication(VLC)is a promising solution to the increasing demands for wireless connectivity.Gallium nitride micro-sized light emitting diodes(micro-LEDs)are strong candidates for VLC due to their high bandwidths.Segmented violet micro-LEDs are reported in this work with electrical-to-optical bandwidths up to 655 MHz.An orthogonal frequency division multiplexing-based VLC system with adaptive bit and energy loading is demonstrated,and a data transmission rate of 11.95 Gb/s is achieved with a violet micro-LED,when the nonlinear distortion of the micro-LED is the dominant noise source of the VLC system.A record 7.91 Gb/s data transmission rate is reported below the forward error correction threshold using a single pixel of the segmented array when all the noise sources of the VLC system are present.

城市绿地如何吸引老年人--外部环境特征与使用频率的关系初探

A high-grade green space environment will provide necessary environmental support to the outdoor activities of disadvantaged groups including the elderly and is thus helpful for promoting their physical activity level and life quality.This paper takes the urban area of Dalian City as an example and divides the external environmental characteristics of a green space into three aspects including the diversity degree of facilities,the richness level of street functions,and the mixing degree of land use.Based on the data of a survey on activities by elderly in green space,the paper conducts an in-depth study on the statistical correlation between the external environmental characteristics of green space and the frequency of use by the elderly.The study shows that diversified facility types around a green space are conducive to a rise in the frequency of use of this space by the elderly,out of which the effect of functional facilities such as school and food market is the most significant.In addition,being adjacent to streets full of daily life or being mixed with residential land use will increase the frequency of use of the green space by the elderly.This paper puts forward certain environmental upgrading strategies for green space from the perspective of external environmental characteristics in order to help build up green space that is use-friendly to the elderly.

Non-uniform strain measurement along a f iber Bragg grating using optical frequency domain reflectometry

A novel method of measuring non-uniform strain along a fiber Bragg grating(FBG)using optical frequency domain reflectometry(OFDR)is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.This method can overcome the problems of traditional non-uniform strain measurement methods for FBGs,i.e.,the likelihood of chirping and multiple peaking in the spectrum when FBG is subjected to inhomogeneous strain fields.Wavelength interrogation is realized by OFDR with a narrow-line-width tunable laser as the optical source.When non-uniform strain distributions along areas adjacent to structural damage are measured by this method,good agreement is obtained between measurements and theoretical simulation results.

Midinfrared optical frequency comb based on difference frequency generation using high repetition rate Er-doped fiber laser with single wall carbon nanotube film

We demonstrated stable midinfrared(MIR) optical frequency comb at the 3.0 μm region with difference frequency generation pumped by a high power, Er-doped, ultrashort pulse fiber laser system. A soliton mode-locked161 MHz high repetition rate fiber laser using a single wall carbon nanotube was fabricated. The output pulse was amplified in an Er-doped single mode fiber amplifier, and a 1.1–2.2 μm wideband supercontinuum(SC) with an average power of 205 m W was generated in highly nonlinear fiber. The spectrogram of the generated SC was examined both experimentally and numerically. The generated SC was focused into a nonlinear crystal, and stable generation of MIR comb around the 3 μm wavelength region was realized.

Research on fiber-optic interferometric hydrophone array using frequency division multiplying technique

From the point of view of system design, a configuration of fiber-optic interferomet- ric hydrophone array and its modulation and demodulation approach using frequncy division multiplexing technique based on Phase Generated Carrier (PGC) is introduced. And the em- phasis on demonstrating the relationship among the number of units N, the detectable signal amplitude D and the detectable frequency ws through analyzing the frequency spectrum of the output signal of the J × K array and the key factor which restricts N, D, Ws for increasing are presented. The maximum phare shift and the law of its variation according to frequency are specially analyzed. The results induced from some relative theory were verified by experiments.

Modulation-free laser frequency ofset locking using bufer gas-induced resonance

We experimentally demonstrate a simple modulation-free scheme for ofset locking the frequency of a laser using bufer gas-induced resonance.Our scheme excludes the limitation of low difraction efciency and laser input intensity when an acousto-optic modulator is applied to shift the laser frequency from the resonance.We show the stabilization of a strong 795-nm laser detuned up to 550 MHz from the87Rb 5S1/2F=2→5P1/2F’=2 transition.The locking range can be modifed by controlling the bufer gas pressure.A laser line width of 2 MHz is achieved over 10 min.

Three-dimensional Dominant Frequency Mapping Using Autoregressive Spectral Analysis of Atrial Electrograms of Patients in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Areas with high frequency activity within the atrium are thought to be 'drivers' of the rhythm in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and ablation of these areas seems to be an effective therapy in e-liminating DF gradient and restoring sinus rhythm. Clinical groups have applied the traditional FFT-based approach to generate the three-dimensional dominant frequency (3D DF) maps during electro-physiology (EP) procedures but literature is restricted on using alternative spectral estimation tech-niques that can have a better frequency resolution that FFT-based spectral estimation.