Human activities on street spaces are affected by both physical and non-physical settings on streets.These two aspects are primarily impacted by land use which results in the uneven distribution of different activitie...Human activities on street spaces are affected by both physical and non-physical settings on streets.These two aspects are primarily impacted by land use which results in the uneven distribution of different activities on streets.This research investigates land use patterns and their characteristics in association to user’s behaviors.By using mixed qualitative and quantitative research methods,e.g.,place-centered behavioral map,observation,visual encounter surveys,machine learning,the relationship between user’s behavior and land use characteristics along the street is unveiled.All user behaviors along both types of streets were classified into six main categories,with 26 subcategories.The observation results show that the residential use of land along the street was transformed into the commercial use for various types of shophouses based on the resident’s ideas.There is a great correlation between land use and user’s activities.These findings give support to authorities to manage urban streets and develop a sustainable policy for improving street spaces.Further,this research contributes useful information to urban designers and planners in creating a successful street space that is appropriate for the Vietnam Community.展开更多
In this paper, first studied are the distribution characteristics of user behaviors based on log data from a massive web search engine. Analysis shows that stochastic distribution of user queries accords with the char...In this paper, first studied are the distribution characteristics of user behaviors based on log data from a massive web search engine. Analysis shows that stochastic distribution of user queries accords with the characteristics of power-law function and exhibits strong similarity, and the user' s queries and clicked URLs present dramatic locality, which implies that query cache and 'hot click' cache can be employed to improve system performance. Then three typical cache replacement policies are compared, including LRU, FIFO, and LFU with attenuation. In addition, the distribution character-istics of web information are also analyzed, which demonstrates that the link popularity and replica pop-ularity of a URL have positive influence on its importance. Finally, variance between the link popularity and user popularity, and variance between replica popularity and user popularity are analyzed, which give us some important insight that helps us improve the ranking algorithms in a search engine.展开更多
文摘Human activities on street spaces are affected by both physical and non-physical settings on streets.These two aspects are primarily impacted by land use which results in the uneven distribution of different activities on streets.This research investigates land use patterns and their characteristics in association to user’s behaviors.By using mixed qualitative and quantitative research methods,e.g.,place-centered behavioral map,observation,visual encounter surveys,machine learning,the relationship between user’s behavior and land use characteristics along the street is unveiled.All user behaviors along both types of streets were classified into six main categories,with 26 subcategories.The observation results show that the residential use of land along the street was transformed into the commercial use for various types of shophouses based on the resident’s ideas.There is a great correlation between land use and user’s activities.These findings give support to authorities to manage urban streets and develop a sustainable policy for improving street spaces.Further,this research contributes useful information to urban designers and planners in creating a successful street space that is appropriate for the Vietnam Community.
基金This work was supported by the National Grand Fundamental Research of China ( Grant No. G1999032706).
文摘In this paper, first studied are the distribution characteristics of user behaviors based on log data from a massive web search engine. Analysis shows that stochastic distribution of user queries accords with the characteristics of power-law function and exhibits strong similarity, and the user' s queries and clicked URLs present dramatic locality, which implies that query cache and 'hot click' cache can be employed to improve system performance. Then three typical cache replacement policies are compared, including LRU, FIFO, and LFU with attenuation. In addition, the distribution character-istics of web information are also analyzed, which demonstrates that the link popularity and replica pop-ularity of a URL have positive influence on its importance. Finally, variance between the link popularity and user popularity, and variance between replica popularity and user popularity are analyzed, which give us some important insight that helps us improve the ranking algorithms in a search engine.
文摘为保证综合需求响应(integrated demand response,IDR)经济高效的实施,该文对传统用户模型提出3方面改进:首先考虑多种能源家用负荷使用时的耦合特性,建立能源舒适度耦合矩阵改进用户的舒适成本模型;进一步,引入参照依赖理论以描述不同时段激励间的耦合性,建立激励参照矩阵以优化用户响应量与激励价格的关联关系模型;最后,分析由于有限理性产生的羊群效应对用户参与IDR概率的影响,引入动态参与率以实现对用户间响应行为耦合特性的表征。在证明用户–多态能源服务商(multi-energy service provider,MESP)模型最优解唯一性的基础上,由仿真结果可知:考虑以上因素改进用户模型后,有效降低了响应偏差与MESP的总成本,提高了用户总收益与用能舒适度,实现了用户与MESP的共赢。研究表明,对于用户的精细化建模能够保障MESP以更低成本维持多态能源系统的供需平衡。
