常压无氯盐溶液制备α-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O晶体研究

本文以Na_(2)SO_(4)溶液为反应介质,研究了反应温度、反应时间、液固比、pH值、Na_(2)SO_(4)质量分数对α-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O生成的影响。结果表明,在Na_(2)SO_(4)质量分数为12.5%,液固比为5∶1,pH值为7,反应温度为97℃,反应时间为4 h的条件下,制备出平均长度46.0μm、平均长径比17.23、形貌均一的α-CaSO_(4)·0.5H_(2)O晶体。常压无氯盐溶液方法克服了氯离子腐蚀工业设备、污染环境等缺点,为高值化利用磷石膏提供重要的技术支持。

基于F-B NCP函数的可行QP-free算法

本文得到一种可行QP-free算法,引入ε-有效集策略使得每次迭代只需求解规模较小的线性方程组得到迭代方向,且方程组只包含工作集中的约束,其规模较原问题大大减小,同时不进行弧搜索,从而降低了运算量.

P2P网络中Free-rider的平衡机制

针对P2P网络中出现的free-rider现象,提出一种控制点位于服务提供节点上的平衡机制。该机制充分考虑P2P网络拓扑结构不一致的问题,并允许一定数量的free-rider节点存在。实验证明,该机制既能有效利用网络资源,提高交易的成功率,又能对严重的free-rider行为进行抑制。

Process for improving the ladle free- opening rate for high aluminum steel in continuous casting

Steel 20Mn23AlV is a type of high aluminum steel with a very low ladle free-opening rate. The aluminum composition of 20Mn23AlV ranges from 1.6% to 2.45% ,which is significantly higher than other types of steel. According to the real condition of 40 t ladle in steel-making plant of Baosteel Special Steel Company, previous works show that the key factors affecting the ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel in continuous casting are：sand material, accessories baking, ladle nozzle cleaning, the process and amount of adding sand, and the rate of argon stirring during refining. Therefore, improving the ladle filler sand quality, baking all of the raw materials, controlling the addition of ladle filler sand, cleaning the ladle nozzle, and optimizing argon stirring during the refining process can resolve the problem of a low ladle free-opening rate of high aluminum steel caused by the long ladle time of liquid steel.

Development of Debris-free Laser Plasma Sources for EUV Lithography in CIOMP

We have been developing debris-free laser plasma sources for EUV lithography since 1996. Two types of debris-free sources, such as cryogenic target and gas-puff target laser plasma sources, were designed and built up in CIOMP. EUV radiation spectra of the sources with a variety of targets have been obtained by different ways.

A PEER-TO-PEER INCENTIVE SCHEME FOR OVERCOMING FREE RIDING

Free riding has a great influence on the expandability,robustness and availability of Peer-to-Peer(P2P) network.Controlling free riding has become a hot research issue both in academic and industrial communities.An incentive scheme is proposed to overcoming free riding in P2P network in this paper.According to the behavior and function of nodes,the P2P network is abstracted to be a Distributed and Monitoring-based Hierarchical Structure Mechanism(DMHSM) model.A utility function based on several influencing factors is defined to determine the contribution of peers to the whole system.This paper also introduces reputation and permit mechanism into the scheme to guarantee the Quality of Service(QoS) and to reward or punish peers in the network.Finally,the simulation results verify the effectiveness and feasibility of this model.

Utilization Survey of Livestock Manure Resources in Large-scale Farms of Yangzhou

Based on surveying the conditions of large -scale farms and commercial manure in the each county of Yangzhou city, the situations and problems for utilization of livestock manure resources were grasped. After an analysis of the potential value of livestock manure, the suggestion and strategy for utilization of livestock manure resources were proposed based on the actual conditions in Yangzhou city.

EXACT SOLUTION FOR RECTANGULAR SLAB WITH THREE EDGES SIMPLY-SUPPORTED AND OTHER FREE

In this paper,we give all-sided pastic analysis of the rectangular slab with three edges simply-supported and other free.Here we discuss the following four cases:(1)The uniformly distributedload over the area a slab.(2).A concentrated load act at midpoint of free edges slab.(3)A concen-trated load act at the center a slab.(4)The line load act along free edge of slab.

Influence of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia

BACKGROUND It is known that under conditions of tissue tolerance to insulin,observed during type 2 diabetes mellitus(DM2),there is an increased production of reactive oxygen species.Moreover,the free radicals can initiate lipid peroxidation(LPO)in lipoprotein particles.The concentration of LPO products can influence the state of insulin receptors,repressing their hormone connection activity,which is expressed as a reduction of the glucose consumption by cells.It is possible that reduction in glucose concentration during administration of 10-(6-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium(SkQ1)to rats with DM2 may be related to the antioxidant properties of this substance.AIM To establish the influence of SkQ1 on free-radical homeostasis in the heart and blood serum of rats with streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia.METHODS To induce hyperglycemia,rats were fed a high-fat diet for 1 mo and then administered two intra-abdominal injections of streptozotocin with a 7-d interval at a 30 mg/kg of animal weight dose with citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4.SkQ1 solution was administered intraperitoneally at a 1250 nmol/kg dose per day.Tissue samples were taken from control animals,animals with experimental hyperglycemia,rats with streptozotocin-induced glycemia that were administered SkQ1 solution,animals housed under standard vivarium conditions that were administered SkQ1,rats that were administered intraperitoneally citrate buffer equal to pH 4.4 once a week during 2 wk after 1-mo high-fat diet,and animals that were administered intraperitoneally with appropriate amount of solution without SkQ1(98%ethanol diluted eight times with normal saline solution).To determine the intensity of free radical oxidation and total antioxidant activity,we used the biochemiluminescence method.Aconitate hydratase(AH),superoxide dismutase,and catalase activities were estimated using the Hitachi U-1900 spectrophotometer supplied with software.The amount of citrate was determined by means of the Natelson method.Real-time polymerase chain reaction was carried out using an amplifier ANK-32.RESULTS It was found that the mitochondrial-directed antioxidant elicits decrease of biochemiluminescence parameter values that increase by pathology as well as the levels of primary products of LPO,such as diene conjugates and carbonyl compounds,which indicate intensity of free radical oxidation.At the same time,the activity of AH,considered a crucial target of free radicals,which decreased during experimental hyperglycemia,increased.Apparently,increasing activity of AH influenced the speed of citrate utilization,whose concentration decreased after administering SkQ1 by pathology.Moreover,the previously applied antioxidant during hyperglycemia influenced the rate of antioxidant system mobilization.Thus,superoxide dismutase and catalase activity,as well as the level of gene transcript under influence of SkQ1 at pathology,were changing to the direction of control groups values.CONCLUSION According to the results of performed research,SkQ1 can be considered a promising addition to be included in antioxidant therapy of DM2.

The Develoyment Program of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization 2005-2007

Jointly published by 14 Department headed by Standardization Administraion ofChina(SAC) Subtitle: China will formulate and reformulate 926 standards for energy conservation andcomprehensive u-tilization during 2005 and 2007. In the past few days, 14 departments jointlypublished the Development Program of Energy Conservation and Comprehensive Utilization 2005-2007,(Program for short). They are Standardization Administration of China, National Development andReform Commission, Ministry of Land and Resources, Ministry of Establishment, Ministry ofCommunications, Ministry of Information Industry, Ministry of Waster Resources, Ministry ofAgriculture, Ministry of Commerce, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection andQuarantine of the PRC, State Environmental Protection Administration, State Forestry Bureau, StateOceanic Administration and China Meteorological Bureau.

基于油基钻屑制备压裂支撑剂的室内研究

针对热解析后脱油钻屑处理难和处理方式单一的问题,开展了将油基钻屑残渣制备成免烧压裂支撑剂的研究,研究了钻屑与水泥比、CMC添加量、石膏添加量和养护天数共4个因素对免烧压裂支撑剂性能影响。结果表明,在原料配比较优的情况下,制备工艺为钻屑水泥比0.67(质量比),石膏添加量为6%(质量分数),CMC添加量为4%(质量分数),养护时间28 d。该条件下制得的压裂支撑剂颗粒体积密度为1.47 g/cm^(3),视密度为2.52 g/cm^(3),35 MPa下颗粒破碎率为1.57%。经扫描电子显微镜与X射线衍射仪分析发现,此时压裂支撑剂内部结构致密,孔隙封闭,水化产物CaO·SiO_(2)·nH_(2)O凝胶和钙长石类物质有利于提高压裂支撑剂的综合物理性能。为脱油钻屑残渣利用提供新的方向。

“无废城市”理念下的垃圾处理厂景观设计策略研究——以南京玖生渼餐厨垃圾处理厂为例

快速的城市化进程导致城市人口的急速增长,资源浪费与生活垃圾处理等难题日益突出。在此背景下,“无废城市”理念倡导的以减少废弃物产生和实现资源循环利用为目标,对推动城市可持续发展具有重要意义。基于此理念,诸如城市环保型垃圾处理设施开始受到大量的关注并成为建设热点,其景观设计也应契合“无废城市”的循环再生理念。鉴于此,通过厘清国内外“无废城市”的发展脉络,将“无废城市”理念与餐厨垃圾处理厂景观营造进行关联研究,构建垃圾处理厂景观设计体系理论框架。结合南京玖生渼餐厨垃圾处理厂景观营造实践,从融合生态理念和现状资源、结合资源循环和环保创意,以及耦合社会参与和景观营造三个方面提出环保型垃圾厂景观设计的策略,以废弃物再利用为主要设计方法打造“无废花园”景观,以期为同类景观设计提供新的参考和设计思路。

水稻秸秆与园林基质混配用作无土草毯生产技术研究

为了筛选适宜的无土草毯基质配方,降低无土草毯生产成本,以水稻秸秆与园林基质为材料,将其按不同的比例混合,并添加2种不同来源的菌剂进行有氧发酵,配制成不同的基质处理,对不同混配基质的理化性状、植物毒性和种植草毯的坪用性状等指标进行比较分析。结果表明:添加北京金宝贝菌剂进行发酵且水稻秸秆与园林基质体积比为6∶4的处理基质物理性状较理想,有机质含量显著高于其他处理,且其养分含量较均衡,重金属含量符合NY/T 525-2021有机肥标准要求,其所建植的草毯坪用性状显著高于其他处理。在本试验条件下,该配方基质比较适合用于无土草毯栽培。

不同天气水稻光合日变化对大气CO2浓度和温度升高的响应--FACE研究

人类活动导致大气二氧化碳浓度(CO_2)升高、全球气候变暖和光合有效辐射(PAR)降低,影响着绿色作物的光合作用。为了明确高CO_2浓度、高温和低PAR对水稻光合日变化特征的影响,利用中国稻田开放空气CO_2浓度升高系统(free air CO_2enrichment,FACE),以常规粳稻南粳9108为试验材料,设置了环境CO_2和高CO_2浓度(增200μmol/mol)、环境温度和增高温度(增1—2℃)交互的4个处理,从9:00到17:00每隔1h测定了阴天和晴天水稻的光合作用,研究了不同天气对水稻光合日变化对大气CO_2浓度和温度升高的响应。观察到不同天气条件下水稻光合日变化的不同特征,晴天Pn为双峰曲线,发生了光合"午休",阴天未发生。结果表明,高CO_2浓度显著提高了水稻Pn,温度升高有降低水稻Pn趋势,CO_2浓度增加200μmol/mol对水稻光合作用的促进效应远大于增温1—2℃对其的抑制效应。高CO_2浓度显著增加了水稻胞间CO_2浓度(Ci),降低了水稻蒸腾速率(Tr),平均降幅为10.8%—22.0%。高温有降低Ci的趋势,增加了Tr,平均增幅达5.0%—13.5%。晴天比阴天增加了水稻Tr,平均增幅为9.8%—31.2%。CO_2浓度和温度同时升高显著降低了水稻气孔导度(Gs)。这些结果说明CO_2浓度、温度和PAR对水稻水分利用率(WUE)产生综合影响。阴天PAR比晴天平均低53.3%,阴天水稻Pn比晴天显著低,平均降幅达37.1%—72.0%。与对照比较,高CO_2浓度处理,较高PAR(晴天)条件下水稻Pn的增幅(38.6%—58.4%)显著大于较低PAR(阴天)条件下水稻Pn的增幅(21.6%—38.8%),这一现象值得关注和深入探讨。研究结果表明,评估气候变化对水稻生产的影响,需同时考虑未来大气CO_2浓度和温度升高以及PAR下降的因素及其相互作用。

（K1，4；2）-图的闭包和周长

针对（K1,4；2）-图这一新的图类，证明了以下结论：1）设G是δ≥5且K1∨P4-free的（K1,4；2）-图，则c（G）=c（cl（G））；2）设G是δ≥5且T3-free的（K1,4；2）-图，则c（G）=c（cl（G））．

(K_(1,4);2)-图的3-闭包中的路

对(K1,4;2)-图,证明它的3-闭包的一个性质。G为{K1∨P5,T3}-free或K1∨P4-free的(K1,4;2)图,x,a,b为G中不同三点,x为G中局部3-连通的适宜点,G′由G在点x局部完备所得。若G′中有长为l的(a,b)-路,则G中有长为l的(a,b)-路。

化学老化对Zn改性生物炭性质及吸附Pb^(2+)的影响

本文采用60及90℃非生物化学老化方法,对ZnSO_(4)浸渍改性生物炭(PRZn)进行了为期6个月的老化试验.通过元素分析仪,比表面积分析仪,X射线光电子能谱法和傅里叶红外光谱等手段明确老化后生物炭性质的变化特点,并利用等温吸附实验比较老化对Zn改性生物炭Pb^(2+)吸附性能的差异.结果表明,化学老化过程会生成活性自由基,显著增加生物炭表面含氧官能团的数量,导致500℃制备的PRZn老化后比表面积显著提高(从24.67m^(2)/g提升到85.51m^(2)/g),改性引入的Zn氧化物从晶型结构转化为有机结合态,因此,PRZn经60℃老化后,其对Pb^(2+)的吸附量从31.18mg/g提高至47.70mg/g.但经90℃老化后,700℃制备的PRZn吸附量变化不大,这主要是老化过程中产生的活性氧化物质在90℃下发生自猝灭过程,且700℃制备的PRZn碳结构相对稳定,导致老化后含氧官能团的量没有显著升高而比表面积下降.本研究结果将为改性后老化生物炭在铅污染土壤中的长期利用提供具体理论依据.

中国-东盟自由贸易区优惠关税利用率研究

中国-东盟自贸区(ASEAN)是我国目前存在的规模和影响力最大的自由贸易区,逐渐成为国际经济研究的热点领域。本文基于上海、北京、山东、浙江、广西、福建等六省的调查数据,对中国-东盟自由贸易区优惠关税利用率的情况和影响因素进行分析。研究发现:国有企业和港澳台合资企业在进出口贸易中使用优惠性原产地证书的比例相对较低;加工贸易比一般贸易较多地使用了原产地证书;大部分劳动密集型产业,如机械设备制造业、化学原料及化学制品制造业和金属制品业较多地使用原产地证书。

无冲突协调自动联控集群机器人方法与仿真

集群机器人需要高效的通信和协同工作,但是受障碍物、其它机器人的位置和运动状态等因素影响,增加了无冲突协调自动联控的难度。为此,提出集群机器人的无冲突协调自动联控方法。采用马尔可夫决策描述机器人选取任务过程,利用博弈论,计算目标与机器人之间存在的距离与机器人移动耗时,建立机器人效用函数实现任务的分配;通过虚拟弹簧连接机器人,建立集群机器人网络,采用领导者-跟随者编队法对集群机器人编队;设计机器人在工作空间中的避障控制策略,实现集群机器人的无冲突协调联控。实验结果表明,所提方法的控制效率高、总路程短、不存在冲突和碰撞现象,验证了所提方法具有良好的联控性能。

中国的股权溢价之谜:基于Hansen-Jagannathan方差界的实证研究

本文使用HJ方差界检验了我国的股权溢价之谜,并比较了CRRA、递归效用与习惯形成三种不同的效用函数下模型的定价能力。本文的实证研究发现:(1)我国不存在股权溢价之谜,也不存在无风险利率之谜,该结论有别于以往的研究;(2)对该结论的可能解释在于,较高的股权溢价来自于对消费风险的补偿,而较强的预防性储蓄动机抵消了借贷以增加当期消费的效应;(3)相对基于CRRA效用函数的模型,引入递归效用和习惯形成的模型具有更强的定价能力。