Protection and Utilization of Chinese Giant Salamander Germplasm Resources

Chinese giant salamander(Andrias davidianus)is salamander germplasm resource that only distributed in China.It is the material basis of the evolution principle research,genetic research and artificial breeding.Since the 1990s,overharvesting,water pollution and habitat changes have seriously destroyed the germplasm resources of A.davidianus,their population density has decreased since then.Strengthening the protection and rational utilization of A.davidianus germplasm resources are key factors in impacting the healthy,stable and sustainable development of A.davidianus industry.Under the above background,we discussed the current problems with the protection for A.davidianus germplasm resources,put forward suggestions for the conservation of A.davidianus germplasm resources.It is expected to provide a reference to effective protection for A.davidianus germplasm resources,and provide a scientific foundation for further studies,so as to promote the high-quality development of related industry.

Investigation and analysis of vascular plant resources and diversity in Wuyi Mountain,Fujian Province

Wuyi Mountain,located in the north of Fujian Province,China,is renowned for its abundant medicinal plant resources.In July 2014,the 8th(second team)of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University’s Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigation in the area.Through specimen collection and extensive literature review,the team identified and analyzed 223 vascular plant species from 175 genera and 85 families.The most dominant families were Compositae and Rosaceae,and perennial herbs were the predominant species,accounting for 44.39%of the total species identified.Notably,we documented five precious and rare medicinal plants unique to Wuyi Mountain.This study updates the database of plant resources and diversity in the region,providing a valuable reference for future studies.Finally,we put forward some suggestions to enhance the conservation and sustainable utilization of Wuyi Mountain’s plant resources.

Analysis of plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Balluk Mountain is located between the Tianshan Mountains and the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang Province.Influenced by the humid air and diverse landforms of Lake Alacuri,the unique climate of Mount Baluk nourishes excellent pastures and supports numerous wildlife,making it rich in plant resources.The 9th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team conducted field investigations,literature reviews,and specimen identification to study the plant resources and diversity of Balluk Mountain in Xinjiang Province.A total of 235 species of medicinal plants belonging to 59 families and 159 genera were collected during the period from July to August 2015 in this area.The dominant families observed were Asteraceae,Caryophyllaceae,Lamiaceae,Ranunculaceae,Rosaceae and Umbelliferae,with 35,11,14,12,27,and 13 species respectively.These families account for over 47.4%of the total species collected,though comprising only 10.2%of the total number of families.At the genus level,Artemisia was found to be the most dominant genus with eight species,contributing to 0.63%of the total genera,while representing 3.4%of the total species abundance.Overall,this study provides an updated analysis of the plant resources and diversity in Balluk Mountain.Several species have been identified to possess significant medicinal properties and hold potential for various research fields,including natural product chemistry and drug development.The study also offers practical and meaningful suggestions for strengthening the protection and utilization of plant resources in the area.By implementing these suggestions,we can better preserve the plant diversity in Balluk Mountain and ensure the sustainable use of these valuable resources.

Analysis of plant resources and diversity in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains

Taihang Mountains are situated between Shanxi Province and the North China Plain,spanning Beijing,Hebei,Shanxi,and Henan provinces and cities.The mountains extend from northeast to southwest for over 400 km,naturally deviding the second step from the third one in China.The southeastern area of Taihang Mountains specifically refers to Changzhi City and Jincheng Administrative Region of Shanxi Province.Given Shanxi Province’s robust development plans for the southeast area of Taihang Mountains,the medicinal plant resources in this area will be affected.Therefore,it is imperative and urgent to conduct a comprehensive investigation and study on the medicinal plant resources in the southeast area of Taihang Mountains.By means of field investigation,literature review,and specimen identification,the plant resources and diversity of two counties in the southeast of Taihang Mountains were evaluated.The findings revealed 234 plants species across 172 genera in 70 families,primarily comprising angiosperms.The families with more species included Compositae,Leguminosae,Rosaceae,Labiatae,Ranunculaceae.Among the genera,those with more species were Cynanchum,Selaginella,Clematis,Thalictrum,and Rhamnus.A total of 114 medicinal plants were identified,constituting 48.72%of the total.Regarding medicinal parts,the concentration is in roots and rhizomes,followed by whole plants and fruits.On the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions on the development,utilization,and protection of medicinal plant resources in southeast Taihang Mountains were made.These suggestions provide valuable insights for the study on medicinal plant resources and vegetation in the southeast of Taihang Mountains,serving as a scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of wild medicinal plant resources.

A review of water resources utilization and protection in Southwest China

Yunnan and Guizhou are two provinces in Southwest China where in recent years drought disasters have occurred due to natural and human factors. This paper reviewed literature and summarized the related achievements of water resources utilization and protection in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. rivers, and karst ground water in the two provinces, and also This included characters and utilization of precipitation, the various explanations of drought （climate and human factors） and strategies for coping with droughts. Our concluding remarks highlight three lines of future studies： inequalities and equitable use of water distribution, better evaluation systems, and raising awareness through conservation practices.

Development and Utilization of Saline Lake Resources and Protection of Ecological Environment in Qaidam Basin in Qinghai Province

Qaidam basin is an important part of National Key Development Area–Lanzhou-Xining Area,is a key region of resource development in Western Development,is a National Circular Economy Pilot Zone.The focus of

Protection and Utilization of Yellow Cattle Breed Resources in China

Based on the general situation and genetic diversity of yellow cattle breed resources in China,this paper discusses the protection,development and utilization of Chinese yellow cattle breed resources,in order to provide reference basis for the development,utilization and sustainable development of local yellow cattle breeds in China.

Protection and Utilization of Ecotourism Resources at the Estuary of the Yellow River

There are plentiful ecotourism resources at the estuary of the Yellow River. The characteristic of the resources arevast, wild, rare, peculiar and fresh. Some natural resources, ecotourism resources on the wetland nature reserve of theestuary, and the special landscape ecology resources are introduced in this paper. The author also suggests that the sustain-able development of the travel industry at the estuary should be based on the protection and reasonable utilization of theecosystem.

Analysis of wild vascular plant resources and diversity in Taibai Mountains of Qinling area,Shaanxi Province

Taibai Mountains,located at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains,are composed of the Yuan Taibai Mountain(also known as East Taibai Mountain),Aoshan Mountain(also known as West Taibai Mountain)and their connection part.With its complex geographical and climatic conditions,Taibai Mountains are extremely rich in wild plant resources.Based on field investigation,literature review and specimen identification,wild vascular plants resources and their diversity in Taibai Mountains were studied by the sixth Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)Resources Scientific Expedition Team of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University.222 species of vascular plants belonging to 163 genera and 63 families were collected during July 2012 in this area,and most of the plants are angiosperms.The families with more species are Liliaceae,Ranunculaceae,Asteraceae,Rosaceae,and Saxifragaceae,and the dominant genus are Aconitum,Sedum,Eleutherococcus,Pedicularis,Polygonatum,and Patrinia.In terms of life form,perennial herbs are the main species,accounting for 72.97%of the total species,with others being some annual(or biennial)herbs,shrubs and lianas.Among all the collected vascular plants,170 species of them are medicinal vascular plants,accounting for 76.58%of the total.Most of the medicinal parts are roots and rhizomes,followed by the whole plants.Finally,on the basis of investigation and study,some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the protection and utilization of plant resources in Taibai Mountains.

Analysis of the Status and Rational Allocation of Water Resources in China in View of the New Era

This paper examines the current status of water resource management and conservation in China,along with strategies to address the water resource crisis.Given the current situation,the paper highlights issues such as incomplete legal mechanisms,limited environmental awareness among enterprises,and insufficient government investment.To ad-dress these challenges,the paper proposes a series of strategies,including improving the ecological environment,enhanc-ing production techniques,strengthening management systems,rationalizing water resource allocation,and implementing water-saving measures in both industrial and agricultural production.These strategies serve to achieve sustainable water resource management,reduce water pollution,and effectively tackle the pressing water resource issues faced in China currently.

Study and application on product design system orienting to optimal utilization of material resources

Product design plays a decisive role in material resource consumption in manufacturing systems. So it is significant to study optimal utilization of material resources of manufacturing system from the perspective of product design. This paper firstly defines concept of product design, then after an analysis of design objectives the author proposes a target system of product design with three subsystems: structural system, functional system, and technical system. Finally, a product design system on Architectural Metal Structure Enterprises is developed and used in light of the great consumption of material resources in Metal Structure Enterprises. The system has got an obvious effect on improving comprehensive optimal using rate of material resources of enterprises, reducing design cycle, improving management of enterprises.

Investigation on vascular plant resources and their diversity in Wuzhishan,China

Wuzhishan,located in the central part of Hainan Island and characterized by undulating terrain and diverse vegetation,is rich in plants.In October 2020,field investigations were carried out by the 14th Shenyang Pharmaceutical University Chinese Medicine Resources Scientific Expedition Team.Through specimen collection and literature retrieval,the team collected and analyzed vascular plants,resulting in the identification of 455 species belonging to 328 genera in 145 families.The dominant families are Leguminosae,Malvaceae,Compositae,Rubiaceae,Lauraceae,Pteridaceae,and Polypodiaceae.The main dominant species were perennial herb,comprising 147 species,32.31%of the total.From the 367 species of medicinal vascular plants,the team screened and recorded 20 species of Li medicine according to indications of the medicinal use and the part of the plant used.As a result,the dominant families of vascular plants were similar to medicinal vascular plants,which means vascular plants is an important medicinal resource in Wuzhishan.Based on the investigation and research,further suggestions were made to strengthen the conservation and utilization of plant resources in Wuzhishan.

Technology progress and prospects of steelmaking plant at Baosteel

A brief introduction to Baosteel's steelmaking plant,the increase of its crude steel output and development of its product variety in the past 25 years is given in this paper.The technical progress in hot metal pretreatment,converter,secondary refining,continuous casting,comprehensive utilization of resources and environmental protection is also introduced.The present situation and level of the technologies,such as production of clean steel,RH vacuum refining,breakout prediction system of slab continuous casting, electromagnetic stirring and slag treatment by a rotary cylinder at Baosteel are described as well.These technologies provided good conditions for developing high value-added products and comprehensive utilization of resources at Baosteel.The future development trend of steelmaking technology of Baosteel is proposed.

中国镉资源现状与勘查、开发、利用前景展望

镉是我国优势关键矿产,在全球新技术革命、高端制造和国防安全中占有重要战略地位,是支撑我国七大战略性新兴产业发展不可或缺的战略性矿产,也是易通过土壤-作物-食物链中的迁移、富集从而影响人体健康的重金属元素。在当今复杂的国际地缘政治及全球新冠肺炎疫情引发的新国际生态格局下,我国镉资源的开发利用面临着空前的挑战。一是国家战略性新兴产业发展对镉资源的需求总量仍居高位;二是世界各国资源主导权的争夺和国家高质量转型发展,迫切要求镉的开发利用由粗放型向绿色、低碳和环境友好型转变。本文梳理了中国镉资源概况,镉矿的勘查、开发、利用现状,提出镉在战略新兴产业发展领域应用潜力巨大,建议加强采矿过程中伴生镉资源的回收、废弃镉电池二次回收利用、信息、液态金属等领域的环保应用,以及提高公众、企业的环境保护、资源回收意识,并对镉开发利用前景进行了展望,旨在提升我国镉资源开发与生态环境的协调发展能力,助力战略新兴产业发展。

水资源保护利用“四水四定”的创新管理模式

系统识别了我国水资源保护利用“四水四定”管理中存在的问题,提出了以精准严格的管控指标、权威统一的监测系统、明确有力的管理体制、科学规范的管理制度以及协同高效的管理机制为五大核心体系,以水资源保护利用“四水四定”智慧水务管控平台为一个平台的水资源保护利用“四水四定”创新管理“5+1”模式;指出未来水资源保护利用“四水四定”管理的发展趋势包括统筹协调现有的水管理系统并实现升级,水量与水权结合面向“四水四定”激活交易市场,规范化建立“四水四定”的执行标准体系以及开展基于微观决策行为的水资源保护利用“四水四定”特定制度设计等方面。

生态文明制度视阈下推进南海海洋资源循环利用路径研究

南海拥有中国最广阔的海洋国土,海洋资源非常丰富。南海海洋资源开发须践行绿水青山就是金山银山的生态文明理念,推进南海海洋资源高效循环利用。当前,中国南海海洋资源开发利用主要呈现以下特征:一是南海海洋资源总量丰富,但开发效益不高,海岸带和近岸海域开发强度偏大;二是南海海域海岸线生态退化,半封闭型海湾及近岸海域生态环境压力较大;三是高密度养殖和过度捕捞导致近岸海域海洋生物多样性降低,海洋资源可持续利用面临挑战;四是溢油、危险化学品泄漏等事故防范形势严峻,海洋环境风险防控水平亟须提升。对此,本文提出如下建议:一是加快完善南海海洋资源循环高效利用的制度安排,积极探索促进生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的海洋生态文明实现模式;二是坚决做到节约优先、保护优先、自然恢复为主,依法依规推进南海海洋资源循环高效利用;三是确保最严格的海洋生态环境保护制度落实到位,大力推进南海海洋污染防治和生态资源修复;四是建立统一高效的南海海洋生态环境监管体系。

“双碳”目标下提高有色金属矿产资源综合利用水平的探讨

有色金属矿产资源是人类社会发展的重要物质基础。在当前双碳目标的引领下,为满足国内经济和社会发展的需要,实现有色金属矿产资源的综合利用尤为重要。介绍了有色金属矿产资源综合利用的意义,提出了提高有色金属矿产资源综合利用的具体途径,最后给出宏观层面优化管理方案,以促进有色金属矿产资源综合利用。

新形势下江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用研究

种业是现代农业的芯片,农业种质资源保护与利用是推动种业科技创新的重要物质基础,在全面推进乡村振兴,深入贯彻落实种业振兴行动中处于关键环节。新时代背景下,种业科技创新对种质资源保护与利用提出了新要求。文章阐述了江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用工作的发展历程和现状,分析了取得的主要成效和管理服务过程中存在的主要问题,结合新时期农业科技发展的要求,从加强种质资源精准鉴定评价与深度挖掘利用、健全种质资源共享机制、加强条件设施和人才队伍建设等方面提出了加强农业种质资源保护与利用的对策与建议,旨在为相关主管部门科学决策提供理论参考和智力支撑。

功率电子器件中金属材料回收技术综述与展望

在碳中和目标下,可再生能源发电、智能电网、新能源汽车等技术的推广极大地加快了高功率密度、高工作频率电子器件的应用,其中,新能源汽车逐渐进入退役高峰,将会使其下游零部件之一的功率电子器件迎来报废高峰。功率电子器件中的基板材料、金属化层以及连接材料中金属资源种类丰富,具有极高的回收利用价值。本文面向碳中和情景,聚焦典型功率电子器件功能、结构、组成特性,基于现有金属资源化技术进行详细讨论并展望,重点梳理了Si基芯片材料、贱金属(Cu、Ni、Sn等)和贵金属(Au、Ag等)的回收技术,总结了针对功率电子器件的整体回收流程,为未来功率电子器件大规模退役及金属回收提供技术部署。