The Economic Factors of Utilizing the Salt of Sichuan to Purvey Chu and the War of Aid to Hubei

The background of this article takes place after modern China.It is an essential change in the history of the Chinese salt industry that Sichuan salt supplies to Hubei.Sichuan salt jumped out of the original sales range,sold in Hubei.Since then,Hubei has become the most essential selling place of Sichuan salt,which continues to affect the economy of Sichuan.The War of Aid to Hubei was an inter-regional war in the warlord era.In order to realize“Local governance of Hubei”,the exploiting warlord Wang Zhanyuan was expelled.Sichuan chose to send troops,which economic factors are significant.Mainly,the Sichuan salt played a crucial role in it.Through the study of this problem,we can see that the economic factors in modern times occupy an essential position in the competition of warlords and promote the progress of history.

Veterans utilizing a federally qualified health center: a clinical snapshot

Dear Editor,Te Veterans Health Administration(VHA)provides healthcare for over 9 million enrolled veterans with approximately 2.7 million of those residing in rural areas[1].Te MISSION Act of 2018 emphasizes VHA collaboration with Federally Qualifed Healthcare Centers(FQHC)to serve rural residing veterans and nearly all existing collaborations involve arrangement of payment for community-based care by VHA to FQHCs.Unfortunately,there is a paucity of descriptive clinical data on existing cross-system collaborations which may help characterize these veterans and aid understanding of conditions for which they may receive treatment across systems.Such data has implications for workforce training,development,and resource allocation[2].Te objective of this report is to describe diferent clinical profles between two mutually exclusive samples:veterans engaged in FQHC only use,and VHA-enrolled veterans engaged in dual VHA and FQHC use.

An Efficient Framework for Utilizing Underloaded Servers in Compute Cloud

In cloud data centers,the consolidation of workload is one of the phases during which the available hosts are allocated tasks.This phenomenon ensures that the least possible number of hosts is used without compromise in meeting the Service Level Agreement(SLA).To consolidate the workloads,the hosts are segregated into three categories:normal hosts,under-loaded hosts,and over-loaded hosts based on their utilization.It is to be noted that the identification of an extensively used host or underloaded host is challenging to accomplish.Thresh-old values were proposed in the literature to detect this scenario.The current study aims to improve the existing methods that choose the underloaded hosts,get rid of Virtual Machines(VMs)from them,andfinally place them in some other hosts.The researcher proposes a Host Resource Utilization Aware(HRUAA)Algorithm to detect those underloaded and place its virtual machines on different hosts in a vibrant Cloud environment.The mechanism presented in this study is contrasted with existing mechanisms empirically.The results attained from the study estab-lish that numerous hosts can be shut down,while at the same time,the user's workload requirement can also be met.The proposed method is energy-efficient in workload consolidation,saves cost and time,and leverages active hosts.

Solid State Reaction Yielding a Mineral Utilizing Silica Obtained from an Agricultural Waste

Wollastonite, a mineral of wide industrial applications was synthesised from rice husk ash silica and limestone. A number of raw batches consisting of these starting materials, in 1:1 molar ratio, were heat treated to produce it through solid state reaction from 900℃ to 1300℃. The conducted reaction was monitored by XRD step by step. Amount of Wollastonite formed at every temperature was also studied to some extent. Analyses of the obtained data indicated that the target mineral formation was quite effective and almost proportional to a rise in temperature up to 1200℃. The results from both, XRD and chemical analysis were found in fair agreement with one another

A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Tissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices.This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration.Inspired by the natural microenvironment,biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional(3D)structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions.Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential.The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities.In the current review article,we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches,cell transplantation and cell homing.Altogether,this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.

A community resource for exploring and utilizing genetic diversity in the USDA pea single plant plus collection

Globally,pea(Pisum sativum L.)is an important temperate legume crop for food,feed and fodder,and many breeding programs develop cultivars adapted to these end-uses.In order to assist pea development efforts,we assembled the USDA Pea Single Plant Plus Collection(PSPPC),which contains 431 P.sativum accessions with morphological,geographic and taxonomic diversity.The collection was characterized genetically in order to maximize its value for trait mapping and genomics-assisted breeding.To that end,we used genotyping-by-sequencing—a cost-effective method for de novo single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)marker discovery—to generate 66591 high-quality SNPs.These data facilitated the identification of accessions divergent from mainstream breeding germplasm that could serve as sources of novel,favorable alleles.In particular,a group of accessions from Central Asia appear nearly as diverse as a sister species,P.fulvum,and subspecies,P.sativum subsp.elatius.PSPPC genotypes can be paired with new and existing phenotype data for trait mapping;as proof-of-concept,we localized Mendel’s A gene controlling flower color to its known position.We also used SNP data to define a smaller core collection of 108 accessions with similar levels of genetic diversity as the entire PSPPC,resulting in a smaller germplasm set for research screening and evaluation under limited resources.Taken together,the results presented in this study along with the release of a publicly available SNP data set comprise a valuable resource for supporting worldwide pea genetic improvement efforts.

Acute aortic dissection:utilizing imaging modalities to improve detection

Acute aortic dissection is a serious condition in elderly patients and may become fatal rapidly if left undiagnosed and untreated. As pointed out by Welch et al1chest radiography is a screening test for this condition by detecting these signs such as widening mediastinum,blurring of the aortic knob, left apical cap, etc.

High-Performance Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Utilizing a Mixed Interlayer as the Universal Carrier Switch

A new interlayer is successfully used to be a universal carrier switch, developing high-performance hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes （WOLEDs）. By dint of this interlayer, the two-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total current efficiency （CE） and power efficiency （PE） of 48.1 cd/A and 37.6 Im/W, respectively, while the three-color hybrid WOLED shows a maximum total CE and PE of 33.8 cd/A and 25.7Im/W, respectively. The color rendering index of the three-color hybrid WOLEDs are ≥ 75, which is already a sufficient level for many commercial lighting applications. In addition, both the two-color and three-color hybrid WOLEDs show low efficiency roll-off and stable color. Furthermore, devices with the new interlayer show much higher performance than devices with the most commonly used 4,4-N,N-dicarbazolebiphenyl and N,N＇-di（naphthalene-l-yl）-N,N＇- diphenyl-benzidine interlayers.

Special focus issue on nursing informatics: Challenges of utilizing electronic health records

Electronic health records(EHR)is a documentation tool that improves the quality and safety of patient care.However,certain challenges are experienced by nurses.This Special Focus Issue aims to collect novel nursing informatics research and case report that highlight the challenges of utilizing electronic health records,specifically EHR relevant nursing practices,interventions,evaluations,policies,theories,etc.This special issue welcomes original research papers,perspectives,conceptual papers,case reports,systematic review,and scoping review articles that address a range of topics including,but are not limited to,the following areas.

Demonstration of reversible retinal ganglion cell dysfunction in inflammatory optic neuropathies utilizing pattern electroretinography

Dear Editor,I am Dr.Austin Bach from Larkin Community Hospital in South Miami,Florida,USA.I am writing to you to present three cases of inflammatory optic neuritis that was followed to resolution using pattern electroretinography（PERG）.

Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Utilizing Yeast (HUY) Isolates from Palm Wine

Several studies have reported on the capabilities of different yeasts to utilize hydrocarbons hence the need to ascertain the petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation potential of yeast isolated from palm wine. The study aimed at isolation, characterization and testing of yeasts from palm wine for biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon utilizing yeasts (HUY) were isolated from palm wine, a rich sugar substrate from a non-oil impacted environment using Bacto Bushnell Haas broth. The medium composed of 0.2 g MgSO4, 0.02 g CaCl2, 1 g KH2PO4, 1 g K2HPO4, 0.05 g FeCl2, 1 g/L NH4NO3, pH (7.2 ± 0.2) and mineral salt broth comprising of 4.4 g KH2PO4, 8 g (NH4)2SO4, 2 g Na2HPO4·H2O, MgSO4ܭH2O, 0.1 g FeSO4, 0.01 g/L CaCl2, pH (4.5 ± 0.2) supplemented with palm wine (0.5%) and crude oil (1%). Yeasts isolated from an enriched medium and palm wine showed similarities. Yeast isolates were further screened for hydrocarbon degrading potentials using the Bacto Bushnell Haas broth containing 2, 6-dichlorophenol indophenols as the indicator agent. The isolates were identified using microscopic, macroscopic, fermentation and molecular characteristics as Candida adriatica (ZIM 2468) and Candida taoyuanica (MYA-4700).

Utilizing Standard Contract and Promoting Foreign Trade Business——Establishment,usage and improvement of Standard Contract in foreign trade companies

ForewordDue to the variety of international tradeand specialty difference of each individualnegotiator as well as their differentunderstanding about contract, each foreigntrade contract has its different emphasis andcharacter. Even for the same contractobjective, terms of payment andtransportation, if the contract was given bydifferent people in different period, thedifference will always exist. Thisphenomenon is rather common in foreigntrade business.

Creating new middle breeding materials by utilizing new techniques

A new breeding program"Creating new middle breedingmaterials by utilizing new techniques",cooperated byChina National Rice Research Institute (CNRRI)andJapan International Research Center for Agricultural Sci-ence(JIRCAS)",started in Hangzhou,China in 1999.

Predicting the Potential Performance in P-Type SnS Crystals via Utilizing the Weighted Mobility and Quality Factor

The figure of merit ZT is the direct embodiment of thermoelectric performance for a given material.However,as an indicator of performance improvement,the only ZT value is not good enough to identify its outstanding inherent properties,which are highly sought in thermoelectric community.Here,we utilize one powerful parameter to reveal the outstanding properties of a given material.The weighted mobility is used to estimate the carrier transports of p-type SnS crystals,including the differences in doping level,carrier scattering and electronic band structure.We analyze the difference in carrier scattering mechanism for different crystal forms with the same doping level,then evaluate and confirm the temperature-dependent evolution of electronic band structures in SnS.Finally,we calculate the quality factor B based on the weighted mobility,and establish the relationship between ZT and B to further predict the potential performance in p-type SnS crystals with low cost and earth abundance,which can be realized through taking advantage of the inherent material property,thus improving B factor to achieve optimal thermoelectric level.

Integrated system of comprehensive utilizing the concentrated brine of Yuncheng salt-lake basing on salt-forming diagram

The comprehensive utilization and environment-friendliness of processes for recovering fresh water or valuable salt from seawater, salt-lakes, or mineral deposits are of utmost importance for sustainable development.One primitive sustainable process for recovering salt from sodium-sulfate-type brine in Yuncheng salt lake had been considered one of the greatest inventions of ancient China, however, the replaced process of mass extraction of single Na_2SO_4 in recent years, has reduced a large amount of residual brine.In this research, relying on the salt-forming diagram in the non-equilibrium state, the technical secrets of ancient salt processes were uncovered, and a new comprehensive utilization system was proposed and tested experimentally.The new system includes a vacuum salt-making process and a normal pressure kieserite process, which can gradually eliminate the existed waste liquid and aid in the sustainable development of the Yuncheng salt-lake.The continuous experiment of salt-making process running stably in the double salt region without double salt formation, which proves the feasibility of salt-forming diagram applied in industrial process.Thus salt-forming diagram would be extremely valuable to industry process design and control, especially, the treatment of concentrated brine.

Utilizing Dominant Early Maturity Genes of Sterile Line UP-3s in Hybrid Rice Breeding to Avoid High Temperature Season

A new sterile line UP-3s, which carries the Dominant Early Maturity Gene (DEMG), was bred on the farm of University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (UAPB). UP-3s and two check sterile lines, Jin23-A and Xie-A which do not carry the Dominant Early Maturity Gene, were crossed with a group of different maturity restorer lines, PB-1R, PB-5R,PB11, PB-13R, PB-20, PB-21, PB-22R, and PB-23R. Eighteen new hybrid rice combinations of these crosses were then tested at UAPB in 2012 and 2013. The results showed that panicle differentiation (PD) of hybrids from female parent UP-3s (DEMG) crossed with the 8 male parents, were earlier than the hybrids from female parent Jin23-A or Xie-A crossed with the 8 male parents. The PD of these earlier hybrids was before Jun 25 and heading was before July 20. Early PD and heading avoided the high temperature (over 34&degC) period which usually occurs after July 20 in Arkansas. The yields of these earlier maturity hybrids with female parent UP-3s were higher than those of the late maturity hybrids thatwereF1 progeny of sterile lines Jin23-A or Xie-A (these two female parent checks with non-DEMG). These results showed that the DEMG sterile line UP-3s can be adopted in making crosses with later maturity restorer lines to obtain earlier maturity hybrids to avoid the high temperature period in Arkansas.

Spinal intradural electrodes: opportunities, challenges and translation to the clinic

Damage to the spinal cord disrupts the electrically active nerve cells which normally transmit afferent and efferent signals,resulting in loss of motor,sensory,and autonomic functions.Potential treatments for spinal cord injury utilizing implanted spinal electrodes can be broadly classified into three different categories.The first of these approaches is“spinal stimulation”where electrodes,usually positioned above the level of injury,provide electrical stimulation to target and disrupt pain signals before they reach the brain.The second approach uses“activity-dependent neuro-technologies”,in which electrodes positioned below the level of injury initiate a complex spatiotemporal pattern of stimulation at the lumbar spinal cord to generate a walking gait in the limbs(Minev et al.,2015;Wagner et al.,2018).

A-kinase anchoring protein-mediated compartmentalization of pro-survival signaling in the retina

The retina plays a fundamental role in the process of vision,serving as the primary interface between external visual stimuli and the central nervous system.Because the retina is exposed to a variety of environmental stresses and deleterious insults,it is susceptible to a spectrum of pathological conditions that can detrimentally affect vision.This often leads to irreversible vision loss due to the injury of specific cell types.For instance,inherited retinal degeneration and age-related macular degeneration can lead to the death of photoreceptors,while conditions like glaucoma and optic nerve injury can result in the loss of ganglion cells.The precise pathological mechanisms driving retinal degeneration remain largely elusive,although research utilizing mouse models suggests that disruptions in intracellular signal transduction pathways may play a pivotal role.Signaling pathways within the retina orchestrate various aspects of retinal physiology,including phototransduction,synaptic transmission,and neuronal survival.

Virtual source approach for maximizing resolution in high-penetration gamma-ray imaging

High-energy gamma-ray radiography has exceptional penetration ability and has become an indispensable nondestructive testing(NDT)tool in various fields.For high-energy photons,point projection radiography is almost the only feasible imaging method,and its spatial resolution is primarily constrained by the size of the gamma-ray source.In conventional industrial applications,gamma-ray sources are commonly based on electron beams driven by accelerators,utilizing the process of bremsstrahlung radiation.The size of the gamma-ray source is dependent on the dimensional characteristics of the electron beam.Extensive research has been conducted on various advanced accelerator technologies that have the potential to greatly improve spatial resolution in NDT.In our investigation of laser-driven gamma-ray sources,a spatial resolution of about 90μm is achieved when the areal density of the penetrated object is 120 g/cm^(2).A virtual source approach is proposed to optimize the size of the gamma-ray source used for imaging,with the aim of maximizing spatial resolution.In this virtual source approach,the gamma ray can be considered as being emitted from a virtual source within the convertor,where the equivalent gamma-ray source size in imaging is much smaller than the actual emission area.On the basis of Monte Carlo simulations,we derive a set of evaluation formulas for virtual source scale and gamma-ray emission angle.Under optimal conditions,the virtual source size can be as small as 15μm,which can significantly improve the spatial resolution of high-penetration imaging to less than 50μm.