心肌钠通道Na_(V)1.5在心律失常中的作用

心律失常(cardiac arrhythmias)是世界范围内发病率和死亡率较高的心血管疾病之一,与心脏中离子通道功能破坏以及电信号在心肌细胞的传导异常有关。心肌钠通道Na_(V)1.5(cardiac sodium channel Na_(V)1.5)参与心肌细胞动作电位的启动和兴奋的传导,基因突变所致的Na_(V)1.5通道表达和调控异常是心律失常发生的重要生物学基础。本文综合国内外关于Na_(V)1.5通道结构和功能的介绍及通道异常表达时心律失常的研究现状,为心血管药物的研发和临床应用以及药物心脏毒性等的研究提供重要的理论依据。

马氏珠母贝V-ATPase-d基因序列特征及其与耐低温性状的关系

液泡ATP酶(V-ATPase)在生物应对各种环境压力时发挥重要功能,为探究VATPase在马氏珠母贝低温适应过程中的作用,实验克隆了马氏珠母贝的V-ATPase-d基因,采用qRT-PCR技术研究了低温胁迫下Pm-V-ATPase-d表达量的变化,并筛选和比较了该基因在耐低温选育系(low temperature resistant line,R)F_(3)和北部湾野生群体(Beibu Gulf wild population,W)外显子区的SNP位点。结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d总长为1473 bp,开放阅读框(ORF)为1140bp,编码379个氨基酸,具有ATP典型的结构域PfamvATPsynt_AC39。Motif分析及三级结构预测结果表明,Pm-V-ATPase-d具有较高的保守性,其在系统进化树中与长牡蛎聚为一支。组织荧光定量结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d在所检测的组织中均有表达,在肝胰腺、性腺和鳃组织中表达量较高。在低温胁迫条件下,Pm-VATPase-d基因的表达量随着时间的延长呈现先上升后下降的趋势,且低温组的表达量在5 d内均显著高于对照组,这表明Pm-V-ATPase-d可能参与了马氏珠母贝对温度胁迫的响应;对Pm-V-ATPase-d外显子区的SNP分析共得到35个SNP,其中34个为同义突变,只有一个位点为非同义突变,26个SNP在W和R群体的不同基因型和等位基因之间具有显著差异,单倍型连锁不平衡分析结果显示,Pm-V-ATPase-d基因SNPs可形成6个单倍体块,14种单倍型,其中单倍型GAAT、CGC、TC、TG、AG与马氏珠母贝耐低温性状显著相关。研究表明,Pm-V-ATPase-d可能是参与调节马氏珠母贝低温适应过程中的候选基因,本研究可为马氏珠母贝对低温的适应机制提供研究基础,筛选出的与抗低温性状相关的SNPs及单倍型可应用于分子辅助育种。

朱砂叶螨V-ATP酶D亚基基因克隆与表达分析

【目的】旨在寻找防治朱砂叶螨有效的生物学办法。【方法】克隆出朱砂叶螨V-ATP酶D亚基(V-ATPase-D)基因,并对该基因进行了生物学特征分析;采用荧光定量PCR技术,对朱砂叶螨其生命周期中V-ATPase-D基因表达量进行了测定。【结果】克隆出朱砂叶螨V-ATPase-D(GenBank登录号:OR836605)。朱砂叶螨V-ATPase-D基因全长956 bp,开放阅读框744 bp,编码247个氨基酸,V-ATPase-D在朱砂叶螨的不同生长发育阶段均表现出了基因活性,其中在成螨期内展现出最高的表达水平,其次是卵阶段,而若螨与幼螨阶段则呈现出较低的基因表达水平。【结论】成功克隆出朱砂叶螨V-ATPase-D基因,并明确其在朱砂叶螨生长过程中不同时期内的基因表达活性,为进一步探索基因的作用机制同时也对以V-ATP酶为靶标的新型生物杀螨剂提供了研究基础。

掌叶木V-ATP酶C亚基基因克隆及表达模式分析

从珍稀濒危植物掌叶木中克隆了一个V-ATP酶C亚基(HbVATP_C)基因,对其生物信息学特征进行了分析,利用荧光定量技术检测了该基因在不同组织和干旱及盐胁迫下的表达模式。结果显示,该基因开放阅读框全长1128bp,编码375个氨基酸,蛋白分子量是42.57 kD,等电点为5.44,为亲水性蛋白。HbVATP_C具有典型的V-ATP_C结构域,与其他植物同源性较高。HbVATP_C在掌叶木根、茎和叶等不同组织中均有表达,在幼叶中表达水平显著高于其他部位。干旱胁迫下,该基因表达水平均高于对照,盐胁迫下变化不明显,说明该基因能响应干旱胁迫。为进一步研究该基因在掌叶木中的功能奠定了基础。

V(D)J重排酶RAG与转座子及转座子基因编辑工具的关系

V(D)J重排是高等脊椎动物产生特异性抗体和受体的基础事件,是适应性免疫的特征,其关键酶重组激活基因(RAG)及V(D)J重排如何起源是免疫学中的一个基础问题。多种证据表明RAG和V(D)J重排可能起源于转座事件。本文就V(D)J重排酶RAG的功能,及其和原始RAG转座子的关系进行论述,同时思考RAG转座子和转座子基因编辑工具的联系,旨在为新型基因编辑工具研发和利用提供参考。

超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学、鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B V600E基因突变单独及联合检测对甲状腺癌的诊断价值

目的探讨超声引导下细针穿刺(FNA)细胞学、鼠类肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B(BRAF)V600E基因突变单独及联合检测对甲状腺癌的诊断价值。方法选取127例甲状腺结节患者,均接受超声引导下FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变检测,以病理检查结果为金标准,评估FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变单独及联合检测对甲状腺癌的诊断价值;采用Kappa检验评估FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变单独及联合检测诊断甲状腺癌的结果与病理检查结果的一致性。结果FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变联合检测诊断甲状腺癌的灵敏度为98.06%,特异度为100%,准确度为98.43%,阳性预测值为100%,阴性预测值为92.31%,均高于二者单独检测。FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变联合检测诊断甲状腺癌的结果与病理检查结果的一致性极高(Kappa=0.950),高于BRAF V600E基因突变(Kappa=0.877)和FNA细胞学(Kappa=0.772)单独检测。病理检查结果显示,阳性(甲状腺癌)103例,阴性24例,分别作为恶性组和良性组。恶性组患者FNA细胞学检测评分明显高于良性组,BRAF V600E基因突变检测CT值明显低于良性组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。结论FNA细胞学、BRAF V600E基因突变联合检测对甲状腺癌具有较高的诊断价值。

双拷贝v-cath基因的重组HaNPV的构建及毒力分析

利用HaNPV的Bac-to-Bac系统(Hanpvid)构建了双拷贝v-cath基因的重组HaNPV,即:除病毒自身的v-cath基因外,还带有由ie1启动子控制的早期表达v-cath基因的重组病毒dciHaNPV.Dotblot和Northernblot分析证明:重组病毒构建正确.用重组病毒感染Hz-AM1细胞,测定了dciHaNPV的TCID5o为3.16×107 TCID50/mL.

Analysis on Genetic Diversity of Mitochondria from Venerupis philippinarum in the Coasts of Yantai and Weihai

[Objective] The aim was to understand genetic diversity and genetic differ- entiation situation of wild V. philippinarum population in the coast of China. [Methed] Based on PCR technology, CO I gene fragments of the mitochondria were amplified from two populations of Yantai and Weihai for sequence analysis. [Result] Fifty sam- ples all obtained CO I gene fragment sequence of 684 bp. A total of 42 haplotypes were defined, and 62 variation loci were detected. The haplotypes diversity of two populations was both high, while the nucleotide diversity was low. The phylogenetic tree of haplotypes established by maximum likelihood （ML） method showed that the samples of two geographic populations presented diffused distribution and had no obvious population differentiation. [Conclusion] The result indicated that the gene ex- change of marine animal is easy, and the separation among different seas is weak.

两个复合杂合突变导致遗传性凝血因子V缺陷症家系的表型与基因突变分析

目的:对两个由F5基因复合杂合突变导致的遗传性凝血因子V(FV)缺陷症家系进行表型和基因型分析,初步探讨其分子致病机制。方法:检测两个家系各成员外周血的血浆FV活性(FV:C)和FV抗原(FV:Ag)等凝血指标。通过PCR扩增F5基因的所有外显子及其侧翼区域,并进行测序。利用生物信息学软件辅助分析突变对蛋白功能的影响。使用PyMOL软件分析突变前后FV蛋白质的空间结构变化。通过凝血酶生成实验评估突变蛋白的功能变化。结果:表型检测显示两个先证者FV:C和FV:Ag均同步下降,表现为I型FV缺陷症。基因分析显示,先证者A第3外显子存在c.332G>T杂合错义突变(p.Ser111Ile)及第25外显子存在c.6665A>G杂合多态性(p.Arg2222Gly);先证者B第3外显子存在c.286G>C杂合错义突变(p.Asp96His)及第13外显子存在c.2393-2393del C杂合缺失突变(p.Pro798Leufs*13)。生物信息学分析显示,p.Ser111Ile和p.Pro798Leufs*13突变均为致病性突变。蛋白模型分析显示,p.Ser111Ile突变导致氨基酸间的氢键发生改变;p.Pro798Leufs*13突变产生了截断蛋白。凝血酶生成实验表明,先证者A和B的凝血功能已受到影响。结论:这四种突变可能是造成该两个家系FV水平下降的主要原因,其中p.Ser111Ile突变鲜见报道。

Avian hepatitis B viruses： Molecular and cellular biology, phylogenesis, and host tropism

The human hepatitis B virus （HBV） and the duck hepatitis B virus （DHBV） share several fundamental features. Both viruses have a partially double-stranded DNA genome that is replicated via a RNA intermediate and the coding open reading frames （ORFs） overlap extensively. In addition, the genomic and structural organization, as well as replication and biological characteristics, are very similar in both viruses. Host of the key features of hepadnaviral infection were first discovered in the DHBV model system and subsequently confirmed for HBV. There are, however, several differences between human HBV and DHBV. This review will focus on the molecular and cellular biology, evolution, and host adaptation of the avian hepatitis B viruses with particular emphasis on DHBV as a model system.

Adeno-associated Viral Vector Mediated and Cardiac-specific Delivery of CD151 Gene in Ischemic Rat Hearts

Our previous studies demonstrated that CD151 gene promoted neovascularization in ischemic heart model.To improve the delivery efficacy and target specificity of CD151 gene to ischemic heart,we generated an adeno-associated virus（AAV） vector in which CD151 expression was controlled by the myosin light chain（MLC-2v） promoter to achieve the cardiac-specific expression of CD151 gene in ischemic myocardium and to limit unwanted CD151 expression in extracardiac organs.The function of this vector was examined in rat ischemic myocardium model.The protein expression of CD151 in the ischemic myocardium areas,liver and kidney was confirmed by using Western blot,while the microvessels within ischemic myocardium areas were detected by using immunohistochemistry.The results showed that MLC-2v significantly enhanced the expression of CD151 in ischemic myocardium,but attenuated its expression in other organs.The forced CD151 expression could increase the number of microvessels in the ischemic myocardium.This study demonstrates the AAV-mediated and MLC-2v regulated CD151 gene is highly expressed in the ischemic myocardium and cardiac-specific delivery that is more efficiently targets CD151 to the ischemia myocardium after myocardial infarction.

PEI-PEG as a siRNA Genetic Vector Demonstrating Interference in the Expression of CD44v6 Protein in Gastric Cancer Cells

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of polyethylene imine glycol （PEI-PEG）/siRNA nanocomposites in the in vitro transfection of human gastric cancer SGC7901 cell lines and the down-regulation of gene expression of the adherence factor CD44v6. METHODS PEI-PEG/siRNA nanoparticles, in different N/P ratios, were synthesized and transfected into gastric cancer cells. Lipo2000/siRNA was used in the control group. The transfection efficiencies were observed under fluorescence microscope. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was measured using the MTT assay （mononuclear cell direct cytotoxicity assay）, and the down-regulation effect of siRNA on CD44v6 gene was evaluated by Western blot. Based on the different N/P ratios, PEI-PEG/siRNA composites were synthesized and transfected into gastric cancer cells. Lipo2000/siRNA was used in the controls. The transfection efficiency was observed under fluorescence microscope. The cytotoxicity of the nanoparticles was measured using the MTT assay and the down-regulation effect of siRNA on CD44v6 gene was evaluated by Western blot. RESULTS After transfection, the transfection efficiency of the PEI-PEG/siRNA nanocomposites increased incrementally in N/P ratio value. The transfection efficiency improved with an increase in N/P ratio. When the N/P value was 15, fluorescence became more intense in the PEI-PEG/siRNA group than in the Lipo2000/siRNA group. At the same time, cell viability was （80.4 ± 5.6）% in the MTT reduction assay, which was similar to that in the Lipo2000/siRNA group. The results of Western blot analysis showed that the expression level of CD44v6 protein decreased to （59.7 ± 3.0）% after siRNA-CD44v6 was inhibited. CONCLUSION PEI-PEG could effectively form the nanocomposite in combination with siRNA, be transfected into the SGC7901 gastric cancer cell lines and inhibit CD44v6 protein expression. Moreover, as a genetic carrier, PEI-PEG copolymer has greater advantages, including high transfection e. ciency, less cytotoxicity and an easily alterable vector structure.

朱砂叶螨V-ATP酶H亚基基因克隆及特征分析

【目的】为了寻找有效防治朱砂叶螨的生物学方法。【方法】克隆朱砂叶螨V-ATPaseH基因,对该基因序列进行生物学特征分析;采用实时荧光定量PCR技术对V-ATPaseH进行不同时期表达特征分析。【结果】成功克隆V-ATPaseH基因(GenBank登陆号:OQ834270),基因全长1540 bp,阅读开放框为1475 bp,编码491个氨基酸;V-ATPaseH在朱砂叶螨的卵、幼螨、若螨、成螨4个时期均有表达。其中以朱砂叶螨成螨时期表达量最高,其次是若螨、卵,幼螨时期表达量最低。【结论】克隆得到朱砂叶螨V-ATPaseH基因,明确其不同时期的表达特征,为今后研究以V-ATP酶为靶标的新型生物农药杀螨剂研制奠定基础。

Risk assessment of venous thromboembolism in inflammatory bowel disease by inherited risk in a population-based incident cohort

Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including Crohn’s disease(CD)and ulcerative colitis(UC),is a chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract with increasing prevalence globally.Although venous thromboembolism(VTE)is a major complication in IBD patients,it is often underappreciated with limited tools for risk stratification.AIM To estimate the proportion of VTE among IBD patients and assess genetic risk factors(monogenic and polygenic)for VTE.METHODS Incident VTE was followed for 8465 IBD patients in the UK Biobank(UKB).The associations of VTE with F5 factor V leiden(FVL)mutation,F2 G20210A prothrombin gene mutation(PGM),and polygenic score(PGS003332)were tested using Cox hazards regression analysis,adjusting for age at IBD diagnosis,gender,and genetic background(top 10 principal components).The performance of genetic risk factors for discriminating VTE diagnosis was estimated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC).RESULTS The overall proportion of incident VTE was 4.70%in IBD patients and was similar for CD(4.46%),UC(4.49%),and unclassified(6.42%),and comparable to that of cancer patients(4.66%)who are well-known at increased risk for VTE.Mutation carriers of F5/F2 had a significantly increased risk for VTE compared to non-mutation carriers,hazard ratio(HR)was 1.94,95%confidence interval(CI):1.42-2.65.In contrast,patients with the top PGS decile had a considerably higher risk for VTE compared to those with intermediate scores(middle 8 deciles),HR was 2.06(95%CI:1.57-2.71).The AUC for differentiating VTE diagnosis was 0.64(95%CI:0.61-0.67),0.68(95%CI:0.66-0.71),and 0.69(95%CI:0.66-0.71),respectively,for F5/F2 mutation carriers,PGS,and combined.CONCLUSION Similar to cancer patients,VTE complications are common in IBD patients.PGS provides more informative risk information than F5/F2 mutations(FVL and PGM)for personalized thromboprophylaxis.

A novel mutation of CYP4V2 gene associated with Bietti crystalline dystrophy complicated by choroidal neovascularization

AIM: To investigate the clinical characteristics and genetic features of a Bietti crystalline dystrophy(BCD) proband in a Chinese family.METHODS: A Chinese female diagnosed with BCD complicated by bilateral choroidal neovascularization(CNV) and her parents underwent complete ophthalmic examinations, including fundus autofluorescence(AF), fundus photography(FP), fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA), visual field testing, full-field electroretinography(ERG), optical coherence tomography(OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA). The sequencing of the CYP4 V2 gene was performed to the whole family.RESULTS: Bilateral tiny glittering crystal-like deposits and differing extent of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium(RPE) were found in the posterior pole of her fundus. The diffuse hypo-fluorescence shown on AF images and window defects shown on FFA both indicated the atrophy of the RPE and choriocapillaris. OCT showed the thinning of the RPE and choriocapillaris layer, ellipsoid zone(EZ) band defect and CNV in both eyes. OCTA images proofed bilateral type 2 CNV. The visual field test showed central and paracentral scotoma. ERG showed a slightly decreased b-wave in scotopic ERG. Gene sequencing identified three mutations of the CYP4 V2 gene, c.802_807 del, c.810 del T, and c.1388 G>A. The mutation c.1388 G>A was a novel substitution mutation.CONCLUSION: The novel mutation c.1388 G>A may be a possible cause that could induce the clinical phenotype of BCD.

Characterization and Expression Analysis of Peroxiredoxin Genes in NNK-induced V79 Cells

4-（Methylnitrosamino）-1-（3-pyridyl）-1-butanone （NNK） is a potent and prevalent nitrosamine procarcinogen found in cigarette smoke. The aim of this work is to study alterations in peroxiredoxin （Prx） expression induced by NNK during carcinogenesis. Characterization of Prx genes from hamster was performed using bioinformatics.

Genetic Analysis of Familial Mediterranean Fever among Egyptian Patients

Background: Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is an autoinflammatory genetic disorder that associated with different genetic mutations. Frequency of clinical manifestation differs according to age group, geographic region and ethnic population. Objectives: To study the clinical manifestation of FMF in relation to genotype (M680I, M694V, M694I and V726A). Result: The main presentation of studied group was abdominal pain 65.9% (203), followed by fever 60.4% (186) patients. (Mutation M694V) was the commonest 47.6% (297), followed by (Mutation V726A) in 32.8% (169%), then (Mutation M6802) in 23.4% (121) lastly (Mutation M6941) was in 22.1% (114) patients. Fever was highly associated with mutation (V729A) and it was statistically significant (*p value 0.047). Conclusion: Abdominal pain and fever were the most common manifestation of FMF patients. (Mutation M694V), (Mutation V726A) were the most detected mutation. Third age group;fever was associated with genetic mutation (V726A), abdominal pain with (M6941).

Apolipoprotein A-V gene therapy for disease prevention/treatment:a critical analysis

Apolipoprotein（apo） A-V is a novel member of the class of exchangeable apo＇s involved in triacylglycerol（TG）homeostasis.Whereas a portion of hepatic-derived apoA-V is secreted into plasma and functions to facilitate lipoprotein Iipase-mediated TG hydrolysis,another portion is recovered intracellularly,in association with cytosolic lipid droplets.Loss of apo A-V function is positively correlated with elevated plasma TG and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.Single nucleotide polymorphisms（SNP） in the APOA5 locus can affect transcription efficiency or introduce deleterious amino acid substitutions.Likewise,rare mutations in APOA5 that compromise functionality are associated with increased plasma TG and premature myocardial infarction.Genetically engineered mouse models and human population studies suggest that,in certain instances,supplementation with wild type（WT） apoA-V may have therapeutic benefit.It is hypothesized that individuals that manifest elevated plasma TG owing to deleterious APOA5 SNPs or rare mutations would respond to WT apoA-V supplementation with improved plasma TG clearance.On the other hand,subjects with hypertriglyceridemia of independent origin（unrelated to apoA-V function） may not respond to apoA-V augmentation in this manner.Improvement in the ability to identify individuals predicted to benefit,advances in gene transfer technology and the strong connection between HTG and heart disease,point to apoA-V supplementation as a viable disease prevention / therapeutic strategy.Candidates would include individuals that manifest chronic TG elevation,have low plasma apoA-V due to an APOA5 mutation/polymorphism and not have deleterious mutations/polymorphisms in other genes known to influence plasma TG levels.

RETRACTED:Effect of Long-Term Inorganic Fertilization on Diversity and Abundance of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities at Tillage in Irrigated Rice Field

Short Retraction Notice The paper does not meet the standards of "Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology". This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused. Editor guiding this retraction: Prof. Abass Alavi (EiC of ABB). Please see the article page for more details. The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper which is marked "RETRACTED".

肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1 V600E基因及生长分化因子15表达变化与甲状腺乳头状癌患者淋巴结转移及预后关系研究

目的:探究肉瘤滤过性毒菌致癌同源体B1(BRAF)V600F基因及生长分化因子15(GDF-15)表达变化与甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)患者淋巴结转移及预后的关系。方法:收集出现淋巴结转移的PTC患者60例作为研究组,收集同期无淋巴结转移的PTC患者53例作为对照组,均测定BRAF V600E基因及GDF-15表达。比较两组患者BRAF V600E基因及GDF-15表达差异。分析两指标与研究组患者临床特征间的关系。分析两指标对PTC患者淋巴结转移的预测价值及与患者预后间的关系。结果:研究组患者BRAF V600E基因突变率及GDF-15阳性表达率高于对照组(均P<0.05)。BRAF V600E基因突变及GDF-15阳性表达与淋巴结转移PTC患者肿瘤直径和是否包膜侵犯有关(均P<0.05)。BRAF V600E基因突变及GDF-15阳性表达对PTC患者淋巴结转移均具有一定的预测价值,两项联合的预测价值更高(均P<0.05)。BRAF V600E基因突变患者累积无进展生存率低于BRAF V600E基因未突变患者,GDF-15阳性表达患者累积无进展生存率低于GDF-15阴性表达患者(均P<0.05)。结论:PTC患者BRAF V600E基因及GDF-15表达变化与PTC患者淋巴结转移及预后关系密切,均可能参与了PTC病情发生及进展过程,可以作为患者病情评估及预后的预测指标。