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Gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of Panax notoginseng saponins and its role in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics
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作者 Yu-Ying Zheng Wei-Wei Su +2 位作者 Yu-Ling Liu Wei-Jian Zhang Xuan Zeng 《Traditional Medicine Research》 2024年第12期41-50,共10页
Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS)are a class of effective ingredients in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,a well-known herbal medicine called San-Qi in Chinese.After oral administration,PNS inevitably interacts with gut mic... Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS)are a class of effective ingredients in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma,a well-known herbal medicine called San-Qi in Chinese.After oral administration,PNS inevitably interacts with gut microbiota,and thus affect the pharmacokinetic profiles and pharmacological effects.To date,studies concering gut microbiota-mediated metabolism of PNS have not been reviewed systematically.Herein,we outline the metabolic profiles of Panax notoginseng saponins mediated by gut microbiota,as well as its role in the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics on the basis of reported data.The metabolic pathways of primary saponins are proposed,and step-by-step deglycosylation is found to be the primary degradation pathways of PNS mediated by gut microbiota.Specific microorganisms and enzymes involved in the metabolic processes were summarized.Gut microbiota is deeply involved in the metabolism of PNS,affects the pharmacokinetic profiles,and produces a series of active metabolites.These metabolites were documented to play an essential role in the efficacy of the parent compounds.Future studies should focus on strengthening the real-world evidence,defining the interaction between gut microbiota and PNS,and developing the strategy for modulating gut microbiota to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of PNS.These information would be useful for further research and clinical application of PNS. 展开更多
关键词 Panax notoginseng saponins gut microbiota METaBOLISM PHaRMaCOKINETICS PHaRMaCODYNaMICS
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Vaccariside A, Novel Saponin from Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke
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作者 Ji MA Wen Cat YE +3 位作者 Hou Ming WU Fa Hu HE Jing Zhen DENG Shou Xun ZHAO( Department of Phytochemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Naming 210009)(State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry.Shanghai institute of organic Chemistry 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1999年第11期921-924,共4页
A new triterpenoid saponin, vaccariside A 1 was isolated from the seeds of l'accaria segetalis using various chromatographic methods. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analy... A new triterpenoid saponin, vaccariside A 1 was isolated from the seeds of l'accaria segetalis using various chromatographic methods. The structure of compound 1 was elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analysis as 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-2)-[beta-D-quinovpyranosyl-(1-4)-beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-3)]-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl quillaic acid 28-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-[beta-D-xylopyranosyl-(1-4)]-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-3-O-acetyl-beta-D-fucopyranoside. 展开更多
关键词 vaccariside a. saponin Vaccaria segetalis
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三七总皂苷通过激活PPARα/Nrf2减轻内皮细胞屏障和功能损伤
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作者 祝燕平 刘亚芳 +2 位作者 祝凌丽 周兰 高磊 《右江民族医学院学报》 2024年第2期159-163,169,共6页
目的研究三七总皂苷(PNS)对氧糖剥夺/复氧(OGD/R)诱导的内皮细胞屏障和功能损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法使用OGD/R诱导bEnd.3细胞以建立缺血再灌注损伤模型,同时设立对照组(Control)、模型组(OGD/R)、PNS高剂量组(OGD/R+PNS ... 目的研究三七总皂苷(PNS)对氧糖剥夺/复氧(OGD/R)诱导的内皮细胞屏障和功能损伤的保护作用,并探讨其作用机制。方法使用OGD/R诱导bEnd.3细胞以建立缺血再灌注损伤模型,同时设立对照组(Control)、模型组(OGD/R)、PNS高剂量组(OGD/R+PNS 400μg/mL)、PPARα抑制剂组(OGD/R+PNS 400μg/mL+PPARαinhibitor)和Nrf2抑制剂组(OGD/R+PNS 400μg/mL+Nrf2 inhibitor)。采用CCK-8检测bEnd.3细胞活性损伤,LDH试剂盒检测乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)表达,蛋白印迹法检测ZO-1、claudin-5、occludin表达;采用细胞划痕和细胞侵袭实验检测bEnd.3细胞侵袭和迁移的水平;借助小管形成实验检测bEnd.3细胞小管形成能力。结果PNS通过激活过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α/核因子E2相关因子2(PPARα/Nrf2)信号减轻OGD/R诱导的bEnd.3细胞活性损伤和内皮屏障损伤,抑制细胞迁移和侵袭能力,改善血管生成损伤。结论PNS通过激活PPARα/Nrf2信号减轻OGD/R诱导的内皮细胞屏障和功能损伤。 展开更多
关键词 脑缺血 再灌注 三七总皂苷 PPa 核因子E2相关因子2 内皮细胞屏障
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PnMYB4 negatively modulates saponin biosynthesis in Panax notoginseng through interplay with PnMYB1 被引量:1
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作者 Jinhui Man Yue Shi +8 位作者 Yuying Huang Xiaoqin Zhang Xin Wang Shanhu Liu Gaojie He Kelu An Dongran Han Xiaohui Wang Shengli Wei 《Horticulture Research》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第8期203-215,共13页
Saponins are the main triterpenoid ingredients from Panax notoginseng,a well-known Chinese medicine,and are important sources for producing drugs to prevent and treat cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.Howeve... Saponins are the main triterpenoid ingredients from Panax notoginseng,a well-known Chinese medicine,and are important sources for producing drugs to prevent and treat cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases.However,the transcriptional regulatory network of saponin biosynthesis in P.notoginseng is largely unknown.In the present study we demonstrated that one R2R3-MYB transcription factor,designated PnMYB4,acts as a repressor of saponin accumulation.Suppression of PnMYB4 in P.notoginseng calli significantly increased the saponin content and the expression level of saponin biosynthetic genes.PnMYB4 directly bound to the promoters of key saponin biosynthetic genes,including PnSS,PnSE,and PnDS,to repress saponin accumulation.PnMYB4 and the activator PnMYB1 could inter-acted with PnbHLH,which is a positive regulator of saponin biosynthesis,to modulate the biosynthesis of saponin.PnMYB4 competed with PnMYB1 for binding to PnbHLH,repressing activation of the promoters of saponin structural genes induced by the PnMYB1-PnbHLH complex.Our study reveals that a complex regulatory module of saponin biosynthesis is associated with positive and negative MYB transcriptional regulators and provides a theoretical basis for improving the content of saponins and efficacy of P.notoginseng. 展开更多
关键词 COMPLEX aCTIVaTION saponin
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Antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of saponin extracts from walnut(Juglans regia L.) leaves 被引量:1
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作者 Youssef Elouafy Adil El Yadini +9 位作者 Salma Mortada Mohamed Hnini Hicham Harhar Asaad Khalid Ashraf NAbdalla Abdelhakim Bouyahya Khang Wen Goh Long Chiau Ming My El Abbes Faouzi Mohamed Tabyaoui 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2023年第2期60-69,共10页
Objective:To investigate the relationship between triterpenoid saponin content and antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 70%ethanolic,butanolic,aqueous,supernate and precipitate extract... Objective:To investigate the relationship between triterpenoid saponin content and antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of 70%ethanolic,butanolic,aqueous,supernate and precipitate extracts of Juglans regia leaves.Methods:Triterpenoid saponins of different Juglans regia leaf extracts were measured by the vanillin method.Antioxidant activity was evaluated against DPPH and ABTS free radicals.We also assessed α-glucosidase inhibitory and antimicrobial activities of the leaf extracts.Pearson’s correlation coefficient was evaluated to determine the correlation between the saponin content and biological activities.Results:The butanolic extract was most effective against DPPH with an IC50of 6.63μg/mL,while the aqueous extract showed the highest scavenging activity against ABTS free radical with an IC50of 42.27μg/mL.Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated a strong negative correlation (r=-0.956) between DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50) and the saponin content in the samples examined.In addition,the aqueous extract showed the best α-glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with other extracts.All the extracts had fair antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis,Escherichia coli,and Klebsiella pneumoniae except for the aqueous extract.Conclusions:Juglans regia extracts show potent antioxidant,antimicrobial,and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities.There is a correlation between saponin levels in Juglans regia leaf extracts and the studied activities.However,additional research is required to establish these relationships by identifying the specific saponin molecules responsible for these activities and elucidating their mechanisms of action. 展开更多
关键词 Juglans regia leaves Triterpenoid saponin antioxidant activity DPPH aBTS antidiabetic activity Α-GLUCOSIDaSE antimicrobial activity
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穿山龙总皂苷对膜性肾病大鼠肾组织M型PLA2R和IgG4表达的影响及其机制
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作者 杨薇 平高华 +2 位作者 张峥 姚吉太 刘光珍 《世界中西医结合杂志》 2024年第2期274-280,共7页
目的 分析穿山龙总皂苷对膜性肾病大鼠肾组织M型磷脂酶A2受体(Phospholipase A2 receptor, PLA2R)和免疫球蛋白G亚型4(Immunoglobulin G4,IgG4)表达影响及可能机制。方法 将40只SPF级雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组、模型组、贝那... 目的 分析穿山龙总皂苷对膜性肾病大鼠肾组织M型磷脂酶A2受体(Phospholipase A2 receptor, PLA2R)和免疫球蛋白G亚型4(Immunoglobulin G4,IgG4)表达影响及可能机制。方法 将40只SPF级雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为对照组、模型组、贝那普利组(10 mg/kg)、低和高剂量穿山龙总皂苷组(80 mg/kg、160 mg/kg),每组各8只。除对照组,其余4组采用Border法制备膜性肾病模型,造模成功后,贝那普利组灌胃给予贝那普利10 mg/(kg·d),低和高剂量穿山龙总皂苷组分别灌胃给予穿山龙总皂苷80 mg/(kg·d)、160 mg/(kg·d),对照组、模型组灌胃给予10 ml/(kg·d)生理盐水。连续给药4周后,检测24 h尿蛋白、白蛋白、血肌酐、血尿素氮、尿酸水平,HE染色观察肾脏病理改变,蛋白免疫印迹法检测肾脏中M型PLA2R、IgG4、磷酸化磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(Phosphorylated phosphoinositide 3-kinase, p-PI3K)、磷酸化蛋白激酶B(Phosphorylated protein kinase B,p-AKT)、核因子E2相关因子2(Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶(Heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)表达水平。结果 与模型组比较,贝那普利组、高剂量穿山龙总皂苷组白蛋白水平明显升高,血肌酐、血尿素氮、尿酸水平明显降低,差异均有统计学意义(P>0.05)。与模型组比较,贝那普利组、低剂量和高剂量穿山龙总皂苷组肾脏病理改变明显改善,24 h尿蛋白水平及肾脏中M型PLA2R、IgG4、p-PI3K、p-AKT表达水平明显降低,肾脏中Nrf2、HO-1表达水平明显增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 穿山龙总皂苷对膜性肾病大鼠的肾脏具有保护作用,其机制可能与降低PLA2R、IgG4表达,抑制PI3K/AKT通路,激活Nrf2/HO-1通路相关。 展开更多
关键词 膜性肾病 穿山龙总皂苷 磷脂酶a2受体 免疫球蛋白G亚型4 磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶/蛋白激酶B通路 核因子E2相关因子2/血红素加氧酶通路
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Rhizoma paridis saponins protected against liver injury in diethylnitrosamine-induced mice
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作者 Chen Luo Jing-Wen Yao +1 位作者 Shu-Li Man Wen-Yuan Gao 《Traditional Medicine Research》 2023年第2期7-12,共6页
Background:Diethylnitrosamine,one of food additives,possessed a strong carcinogenic effect in human.Rhizoma paridis saponins,as the main active components of Paris polyphylla,have a good anti-cancer effect in our prev... Background:Diethylnitrosamine,one of food additives,possessed a strong carcinogenic effect in human.Rhizoma paridis saponins,as the main active components of Paris polyphylla,have a good anti-cancer effect in our previous research.To verify their inhibitory effect on diethylnitrosamine-induced liver cancer,we carried out this study.Methods:We established diethylnitrosamine-induced mouse hepatocarcinoma models to evaluate antitumor of Rhizoma paridis saponins.Subsequently,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was applied to analyze the metabolites in the urine and serum samples.Results:Rhizoma paridis saponins alleviated diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis.On the one hand,Rhizoma paridis saponins down-regulated the levels of liver function markers,such as alanine aminotransferase,aspartate transaminase and alpha fetoprotein.On the other hand,Rhizoma paridis saponins reduced metabolic disorders by increasing fructose and mannose metabolism,and decreasing pentose and glucuronate interconversion,inositol phosphate metabolism,and the process of saturated fatty acids transforming to unsaturated fatty acids,which based on the regulating mRNA expression of glucose transporter type 4,lactate dehydrogenase A,fatty acid synthetas,acetyl-CoA carboxylase and apolipoprotein A-I.Conclusion:Rhizoma paridis saponins has the potential application to inhibit chemical-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the future. 展开更多
关键词 Rhizoma paridis saponins liver injury DIETHYLNITROSaMINE METaBOLITES
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Effects of Tribulus terrestris saponins on proliferation and invasion of A549 cells
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作者 TANG Huan-huan HUANG Ya-nan +4 位作者 LU Zai-qing ZHOU Xiang-dong ZHANG Haibin LI Qi LIU He-lu 《Journal of Hainan Medical University》 CAS 2023年第23期1-6,共6页
Objective:Tribulus terrestris saponin is a traditional Chinese medicine in China.This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of tribulus terrestris saponin on the proliferation and invasion ability of non-... Objective:Tribulus terrestris saponin is a traditional Chinese medicine in China.This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of tribulus terrestris saponin on the proliferation and invasion ability of non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells.Methods:A549 cells were divided into normal control and experimental groups(Tribulus terrestris saponin 250μg/mL group,Tribulus terrestris saponin 200μg/mL group,Tribulus terrestris saponin 150μg/mL group,Tribulus terrestris saponin 100μg/mL group,Tribulus terrestris saponin 50μg/mL group).The proliferation viability of the cells in each group was detected by CCK8,the invasion of tumor cells was detected by Transwell model.The mRNA expression of MMP9 and caspase-3 in each group of cells was detected by RT-PCR.Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the fluorescence intensity of caspase-3 in each group of cells.Results:Compared with the normal control group,tribulus terrestris saponin significantly inhibited the proliferation activity and invasion ability of A549 cells,which was statistically significant(P<0.01).In the invasion assay,compared with the control group,MMP9 expression was significantly reduced and caspase-3 expression was significantly increased in the tribulus terrestris saponin group,and both were concentration-dependent,with statistically significant differences(P<0.01).By cellular immunofluorescence staining experiments,it was found that the fluorescence expression of caspase-3 was enhanced in the experimental group compared with the normal control group,in which the high concentration saponin group was significantly higher than the low concentration group.Conclusion:Tribulus terrestris saponin can inhibit the invasive ability of A549 cells by down-regulating the expression of MMP9,and induce irreversible apoptosis by up-regulating the activation of caspase-3 expression to form caspase-3. 展开更多
关键词 Tribulus terrestris saponin Non-small cell carcinoma Cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase Matrix metallo-proteinase
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知母皂苷AⅢ对肝癌细胞Akirin2基因表达及细胞增殖的抑制作用
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作者 孙琦 王洪博 +1 位作者 高玮 孙豪 《中西医结合肝病杂志》 CAS 2024年第1期28-34,共7页
目的:研究Akirin2在人肝癌组织中的表达及知母皂苷AⅢ(TA-Ⅲ)抑制人肝癌细胞(HepG2)增殖和促进凋亡的潜在机制。方法:应用RT-qPCR法和免疫组织化学法检测103例肝癌组织中Akirin2的表达。应用MTT法分别检测Akirin2过表达组、Akirin2 inhi... 目的:研究Akirin2在人肝癌组织中的表达及知母皂苷AⅢ(TA-Ⅲ)抑制人肝癌细胞(HepG2)增殖和促进凋亡的潜在机制。方法:应用RT-qPCR法和免疫组织化学法检测103例肝癌组织中Akirin2的表达。应用MTT法分别检测Akirin2过表达组、Akirin2 inhibitor组以及不同浓度TA-Ⅲ(0、5、10、20、40 mol/L)、紫杉醇组(80 g/ml)干预后对HepG2细胞增殖活力的影响;平板克隆实验和流式细胞术分别检测Akirin2过表达、Akirin2抑制以及TA-Ⅲ干预后对HepG2细胞克隆、凋亡的影响;Akirin2和凋亡蛋白采用WB法检测。TA-Ⅲ(40 mol/L)处理HepG2细胞的同时转染Akirin2 mimics(TA-Ⅲ+Akirin2过表达组),比较过表达Akirin2对TA-Ⅲ干预细胞增殖、凋亡的影响。结果:肝癌患者肝癌组织中Akirin2呈显著高表达(P<0.05),且Akirin2的高表达与患者的不良预后独立相关(P<0.05)。Akirin2过表达组的细胞增殖能力、克隆能力显著高于对照组(P<0.05),凋亡相关蛋白表达和细胞凋亡率低于对照组(P<0.05)。Akirin2 inhibitor组的细胞增殖能力、克隆能力显著低于对照组(P<0.05),凋亡相关蛋白表达和细胞凋亡率高于对照组(P<0.05)。TA-Ⅲ处理组的HepG2细胞增殖活力显著抑制,细胞增殖活性抑制与干预浓度、时间成正比。TA-Ⅲ不同浓度处理HepG2细胞增殖活力、细胞克隆能力、Akirin2蛋白表达显著低于对照组(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率和凋亡蛋白显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。Akirin2过表达后,TA-Ⅲ对HepG2细胞的细胞增殖能力细胞凋亡率和凋亡相关蛋白的影响作用被部分逆转。结论:Akirin2在肝癌中呈显著高表达,TA-Ⅲ可通过抑制Akirin2表达抑制癌细胞增殖,促进凋亡。 展开更多
关键词 HEPG2细胞 知母皂苷a 增殖 akirin2凋亡
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竹节参皂苷IVa通过抗炎和抗氧化减轻脂多糖诱导的大鼠急性肺损伤 被引量:2
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作者 李林峡 李燕 狄亚珍 《中国病理生理杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第1期95-102,共8页
目的:探讨竹节参皂苷IVa(saponin from Panax japonicus IVa,SPJ IVa)对大鼠急性肺损伤的影响,并对其可能的保护机制进行初步的探索。方法:将60只SD大鼠随机均分为4组,每组15只:对照组、模型组、低剂量SPJ IVa组和高剂量SPJ IVa组。以... 目的:探讨竹节参皂苷IVa(saponin from Panax japonicus IVa,SPJ IVa)对大鼠急性肺损伤的影响,并对其可能的保护机制进行初步的探索。方法:将60只SD大鼠随机均分为4组,每组15只:对照组、模型组、低剂量SPJ IVa组和高剂量SPJ IVa组。以脂多糖(LPS,2 mg/kg)气管内滴注法建立大鼠急性肺损伤模型,低、高剂量SPJ IVa组大鼠在造模后30 min分别腹腔注射15和45 mg/kg SPJ IVa。造模后24 h,收集血清、支气管肺泡灌洗液(bronchoalveolar lavage fluid,BALF)和肺组织。HE染色法评估肺组织病理形态学变化;称重法测定肺组织湿重/干重值;ELISA法检测血清和BALF中白细胞介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、IL-6和肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平;试剂盒法检测丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)和谷胱甘肽(glutathione,GSH)的水平;免疫组织化学标记cleaved caspase-3法和TUNEL染色法评估肺组织中细胞凋亡情况;Western blot法测定肺组织中核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor E2-related factor 2,Nrf2)、血红素加氧酶1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1)、核因子κB(nuclear factor-κB,NF-κB)p65和Toll样受体4(Toll-like receptor 4,TLR4)表达。结果:与对照组比较,模型组肺组织发生明显损伤病变,肺损伤积分(0.21±0.22 vs 2.98±0.46)和湿/干重比值(3.09±0.41 vs 6.36±0.61)显著上升(均P<0.01);与模型组比较,低、高剂量SPJ IVa组肺损伤积分(1.80±0.31和1.05±0.25 vs 2.98±0.46)和湿/干重比值(5.25±0.44和3.89±0.35 vs 6.36±0.61)显著降低(均P<0.01)。LPS可致血清和BALF中促炎因子(IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α)和氧化指标MDA水平升高(P<0.01),抗氧化指标SOD、GSH降低(P<0.01),低、高剂量SPJ IVa治疗均可降低LPS导致的上述促炎因子和氧化指标MDA(P<0.01),并升高SOD和GSH水平(P<0.05或P<0.01)。模型组肺组织中可见显著细胞凋亡,低、高剂量SPJ IVa治疗可抑制LPS导致的肺组织中TUNEL阳性细胞和cleaved caspase-3表达(P<0.01)。模型组肺组织中Nrf2、HO-1、NF-κB p65和TLR4表达高于对照组(P<0.01);低、高剂量SPJ IVa治疗后,Nrf2和HO-1表达进一步上调(P<0.01),而NF-κB p65和TLR4表达降低(P<0.01)。结论:SPJ IVa可抑制LPS所致ALI大鼠肺损伤,此作用可能与其抑制TLR4/NF-κB和Nrf2/HO-1介导的炎症反应和氧化应激有关。 展开更多
关键词 竹节参皂苷IVa 急性肺损伤 氧化应激 炎症 Nrf2/HO-1信号通路 TLR4/NF-κB信号通路
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通关藤总皂苷通过IL-6/STAT3/NF-κB信号通路改善肝癌H22小鼠肿瘤炎症的研究
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作者 蒋境兴 李宁 +6 位作者 康瑞霞 赵琳儒 李杰 张雅筠 倪艳 郝旭亮 李媛媛 《辽宁中医药大学学报》 CAS 2024年第11期30-35,共6页
目的探讨通关藤总皂苷对H22荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤炎症作用及机制。方法建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分为模型组,阳性组(阿霉素),联合给药组(阿霉素^(+)通关藤总皂苷中剂量),通关藤总皂苷低(62.5 mg/kg)、中(125 mg/kg)、高(250 mg/kg)剂量组,另... 目的探讨通关藤总皂苷对H22荷瘤小鼠抗肿瘤炎症作用及机制。方法建立H22荷瘤小鼠模型,随机分为模型组,阳性组(阿霉素),联合给药组(阿霉素^(+)通关藤总皂苷中剂量),通关藤总皂苷低(62.5 mg/kg)、中(125 mg/kg)、高(250 mg/kg)剂量组,另设空白对照组。给药14 d。观察各组小鼠的行为学变化;剥离肿瘤组织进行称重,计算抑瘤率。采用HE染色、流式细胞术、酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)、反转录实时定量聚合酶链式反应(RTPCR)和蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)对H22荷瘤小鼠的肝脏组织和肿瘤组织病理形态、外周血淋巴细胞比例、血清炎症因子、STAT3和核转录因子-κB(NF-κB)通路相关基因和蛋白等指标进行检测。结果通关藤总皂苷能够明显改善H22荷瘤小鼠的精神、行为等状态;各给药组抑瘤率明显,联合给药的抑瘤率高于通关藤总皂苷和阿霉素单独给药,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);模型组小鼠肝脏组织肝窦可见肿瘤细胞,且有炎症细胞浸润现象,各给药组情况得到不同程度改善。模型组小鼠肿瘤组织内肿瘤细胞生长密集,可见异型性和病理性核分裂现象,炎细胞浸润,各给药组肿瘤细胞出现大片坏死现象;相较于模型组,各给药组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)T淋巴细胞百分率升高,CD8^(+)T淋巴细胞百分率降低,CD19^(+)、CD20^(+)B淋巴细胞和CD3^(-)CD16^(+)NK细胞百分率升高,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01);通关藤总皂苷中、高剂量组血清中白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的浓度较模型组降低(P<0.01);各给药组中STAT3、MCL-1、XIAP、BCL-2、NF-κB mRNA的表达和STAT3、p-STAT3、MCL-1、XIAP、BCL-2、NF-κB蛋白的表达均较模型组降低(P<0.01)。结论通关藤总皂苷对H22荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤炎症有抑制作用,其机制可能与通关藤总皂苷下调STAT3和NF-κB信号通路中相关基因和蛋白的表达量及提高机体免疫功能有关。 展开更多
关键词 通关藤总皂苷 肿瘤炎症 免疫功能 信号通路 作用机制
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Anti-methanogenic potential of seaweeds and seaweed-derived compounds in ruminant feed:current perspectives,risks and future prospects
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作者 Ailbhe McGurrin Julie Maguire +1 位作者 Brijesh K.Tiwari Marco Garcia-Vaquero 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期463-489,共27页
With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this sector.One of the prop... With methane emissions from ruminant agriculture contributing 17%of total methane emissions worldwide,there is increasing urgency to develop strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in this sector.One of the proposed strategies is ruminant feed intervention studies focused on the inclusion of anti-methanogenic compounds which are those capable of interacting with the rumen microbiome,reducing the capacity of ruminal microorganisms to produce methane.Recently,seaweeds have been investigated for their ability to reduce methane in ruminants in vitro and in vivo,with the greatest methane abatement reported when using the red seaweed Asparagopsis taxiformis(attributed to the bromoform content of this species).From the literature analysis in this study,levels of up to 99%reduction in ruminant methane emissions have been reported from inclusion of this seaweed in animal feed,although further in vivo and microbiome studies are required to confirm these results as other reports showed no effect on methane emission resulting from the inclusion of seaweed to basal feed.This review explores the current state of research aiming to integrate seaweeds as anti-methanogenic feed additives,as well as examining the specific bioactive compounds within seaweeds that are likely to be related to these effects.The effects of the inclusion of seaweeds on the ruminal microbiome are also reviewed,as well as the future challenges when considering the largescale inclusion of seaweeds into ruminant diets as anti-methanogenic agents. 展开更多
关键词 asparagopsis BROMOFORM METHaNOGENESIS PHLOROTaNNIN saponin TaNNIN
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Protectivity of Freeze Dried Inactivated Rift Valley Fever Vaccine
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作者 Diana M. Abulmagd Mohamed Hassan Atwa +2 位作者 Noha Ezz Aldin Marwa Yehia Hammad Taradi Abdel Fattah Said 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 CAS 2024年第2期21-37,共17页
Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and less... Background: Vaccinations for animals are crucial for food production, animal welfare, public health, and animal health. They are an affordable way to stop animal sickness, increase food production efficiency, and lessen or stop the spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Animal vaccines that are both safe and efficacious are vital to modern culture. The vaccine should induce a strong, protective and prolonged immune response against the antigenic factor. In order to achieve these goals, novel vaccination techniques and an efficient adjuvant are required to render the vaccine immunogenically protective and trigger a strong immune response. Aim: Our study aims to promote and enhance the immunogenicity against RVF virus disease through lyophilized inactivated RVF vaccine through induction of early cellular, high and prolonged humeral immunity in vaccinated animals using cabopol as stabilizer and Saponin or normal saline as a diluent at time of vaccination. Moreover, manufacturing of these vaccines is easy to be done. Results: The gained results revealed that RVF freeze-dried vaccine with Carbopol that reconstituted using Saponin elicited better immune response than that reconstituted using normal saline (NaCl). The cell mediated immune response as represented by lymphocyte blastogenesis and phagocytic activity were markedly increased with high levels when we used Saponin as a diluent than that in group vaccinated with vaccine diluted with NaCl, on the other side the humeral immune response in group vaccinated using the Saponin as diluent is more detected and stayed within the protective level till the end of 11<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.5 TCID<sub>50</sub>) while the immune response induced after using normal saline as a diluent stayed within the protective level till the end of 10<sup>th</sup> month post vaccination (1.8 TCID<sub>50</sub>). Conclusion: The use of Saponin as a diluent for reconstitution of the freeze dried RVF vaccine is preferable than the use of normal saline enhancing both sheep cellular and humeral immune response. 展开更多
关键词 Rift Valley Fever saponin Cabopol Binary Ethylenemine Serum Neutralization Test
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Effect of Artemisia annua (Asteraceae) Extracts on Hemolysis in Individuals with G6PD-Deficiency
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作者 Jescica Bonarck Sohou Casimir Jiras Kpego Ligan +3 位作者 Salomon Ezechiel Mahougnon Fiogbe Thierry Comlan Marc Medehouenou Fifame Esperance Elvire Kougnimon Casimir Dewanou Akpovi 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第3期303-315,共13页
Individuals with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are susceptible to hemolytic anemia when exposed to pro-oxidant substances. This study investigates the hemolytic impact of Artemisia annua (A. annu... Individuals with Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency are susceptible to hemolytic anemia when exposed to pro-oxidant substances. This study investigates the hemolytic impact of Artemisia annua (A. annua) extracts in G6PD-deficient subjects through a mixed experimental approach. In the in vitro phase, red blood cells from G6PD-deficient individuals and rats induced with Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) were exposed to various concentrations of A. annua infusion, with distilled water and physiological saline as positive and negative controls respectively. The in vivo study involved G6PD-deficient Wistar rats divided into three groups receiving A. annua infusion, quinine (positive control), and distilled water (negative control) via gavage. Blood samples were collected for biochemical and hematological analyses. Notably, at a 40% concentration of A. annua infusion, there was a significant increase in the hemolysis rate of G6PD-deficient red blood cells compared to controls (p A. annua exhibited elevated aspartate aminotransferase (129.25 ± 4.55 U/L vs. 80.09 ± 4.03 U/L;p A. annua infusion tested positive for saponins. These findings underscore the risk of hemolysis in G6PD-deficient individuals upon ingesting A. annua. 展开更多
关键词 artemisia annua INFUSION saponinS G6PD Deficiency HEMOLYSIS
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Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on the Physiology and Saponin Synthesis of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis at Different Nitrogen Levels
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作者 Can Huang Shubiao Qian +5 位作者 Xiaoxian Li Xiahong He Shuhui Zi Congfang Xi Rui Shi Tao Liu 《Journal of Botanical Research》 2023年第3期1-26,共26页
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are important members of the plant microbiome and affect the uptake and transfer of mineral elements by forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots.Nitrogen(N),as an important mi... Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)are important members of the plant microbiome and affect the uptake and transfer of mineral elements by forming a symbiotic relationship with plant roots.Nitrogen(N),as an important min­eral element,can directly affect plant growth and development at different N levels.It has been confirmed that inoc­ulation with AMF can improve the efficiency of N utilization by plants.However,there are still fewer reports on the dynamic relationship between arbuscular mycorrhizal and plant secondary metabolites at different nitrogen levels.In this experiment,the physiological indexes and genes related to saponin synthesis were determined by applying differ­ent concentration gradients of nitrogen to the medicinal plant P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis infested by AMF as the test material.It was found that nitrogen addition increased the biomass,chlorophyll content,and nutrient content of above-and below-ground plant parts and increased the content of saponin content of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis to some extent,but AMF inoculation increased the saponin content of P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis more significantly.AMF inoculation also promoted the expression of genes related to the saponin synthesis pathway,including 3-hy­droxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase(HMGS),squalene epoxidase 1(SE1),and cycloartenol synthase(CAS),which is in according with the accumulation of saponin in plants.It also may increase the saponin content of AMF plants by altering the expression of P450s and UGTs related to saponin synthesis. 展开更多
关键词 NITROGEN arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi saponin P.polyphylla var.yunnanensis
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三七总皂苷调控破骨细胞外泌体中差异miRNA表达抑制成骨细胞铁死亡
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作者 陶红成 曾平 +5 位作者 刘金富 田照 丁强 李晁辉 韦建杰 李豪 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2025年第19期4011-4021,共11页
背景:激素性股骨头坏死多是由于长期大量使用激素所致,但具体的发病机制尚未明确,有待于进一步研究。目的:筛选出三七总皂苷干预破骨细胞来源外泌体中的差异miRNA,在此基础上构建成骨相关铁死亡调控网络,以探索激素性股骨头坏死发生的... 背景:激素性股骨头坏死多是由于长期大量使用激素所致,但具体的发病机制尚未明确,有待于进一步研究。目的:筛选出三七总皂苷干预破骨细胞来源外泌体中的差异miRNA,在此基础上构建成骨相关铁死亡调控网络,以探索激素性股骨头坏死发生的潜在机制及研究方向。方法:MTT实验检测不同浓度地塞米松和不同质量浓度三七总皂苷对Raw264.7细胞系的毒性作用;抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色和TUNEL染色检测三七总皂苷对破骨细胞抑制和凋亡的影响;从三七总皂苷干预的破骨细胞中提取外泌体,对外泌体进行测序找出差异表达miRNA,通过CytoScape 3.9.1构建并可视化差异表达的miRNA与mRNA间的调控网络;通过GO分析和KEGG分析筛选候选mRNA;最后筛选出铁死亡相关的差异基因,构建铁死亡相关基因的调控网络。结果与结论:①通过MTT实验确定了适合干预Raw264.7细胞的地塞米松浓度(0.1μmol/L)和三七总皂苷质量浓度(1736.85μg/mL);②三七总皂苷对破骨细胞有抑制作用并能促进其凋亡;③从破骨细胞来源外泌体样本中鉴定出20个差异miRNA,通过靶标mRNA预测出11种成骨相关的差异miRNA,并构建了4个上调的差异表达miRNA对应于155个下调的候选mRNA以及7个下调的差异表达miRNA对应于238个上调的候选mRNA的调控网络;④在差异基因中筛选出与铁死亡相关的基因24个,最终构建了12个网络(miR-98-5p/PTGS2,miR-23b-3p/PTGS2,miR-425-5p/TFRC,miR-133a-3p/TFRC,miR-185-5p/TFRC,miR-23b-3p/NFE2L2,miR-23b-3p/LAMP2,miR-98-5p/LAMP2,miR-182-5p/LAMP2,miR-182-5p/TLR4,miR-23b-3p/ZFP36,miR-182-5p/ZFP36)。这些结果表明三七总皂苷可能通过调控破骨细胞外泌体来源miRNA的表达来调节成骨细胞铁死亡,为激素性股骨头坏死的机制研究提供新的思路。 展开更多
关键词 激素性股骨头坏死 三七总皂苷 破骨细胞 外泌体 铁死亡 调控网络
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猫爪草总皂苷基于Sema4D/PlxnB1/c-Met通路对A549裸鼠移植瘤增殖的抑制作用及机制研究
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作者 陈思思 童晔玲 +4 位作者 戴关海 吴人照 陈璇 任泽明 梅茜钰 《浙江中医杂志》 2024年第11期941-944,共4页
目的:探讨猫爪草总皂苷(TSRT)基于Sema4D/PlxnB1/c-Met通路对人非小细胞肺癌A549裸鼠移植瘤增殖的抑制作用及机制。方法:成功构建A549裸鼠移植瘤模型后,随机分为空白组、阴性组、过表达组和药物组(1.73g/kg TSRT),记录成瘤情况并绘制肿... 目的:探讨猫爪草总皂苷(TSRT)基于Sema4D/PlxnB1/c-Met通路对人非小细胞肺癌A549裸鼠移植瘤增殖的抑制作用及机制。方法:成功构建A549裸鼠移植瘤模型后,随机分为空白组、阴性组、过表达组和药物组(1.73g/kg TSRT),记录成瘤情况并绘制肿瘤生长曲线,实验结束后剥离移植瘤并称重;RT-PCR和Western blot分别检测各组Sema4D、PlxnB1、c-Met mRNA和蛋白表达差异;免疫组化检测Sema4D阳性表达率。结果:与空白组相比,过表达组接种20d后的肿瘤体积显著增加,肿瘤重量明显增加,Sema4D、PlxnB1、c-Met mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著升高,Sema4D阳性表达率显著提高(P<0.01);与过表达组相比,药物组接种20d后肿瘤体积明显降低,瘤重显著降低,Sema4D、PlxnB1、c-Met mRNA和蛋白表达水平显著下降,Sema4D阳性表达率明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:TSRT能显著抑制人肺癌裸鼠移植瘤的生长,其作用机制可能与抑制Sema4D/PlxnB1/c-Met信号通路有关。 展开更多
关键词 猫爪草总皂苷 Sema4D/PlxnB1/c-Met通路 非小细胞肺癌 增殖 小鼠
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竹节参总皂苷缓解CCl_(4)诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤:基于调控PI3K/Akt/NF-κB信号通路 被引量:1
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作者 吴广阳 宋添力 +3 位作者 唐浪 王一民 刘绪 黄胜 《南方医科大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期244-251,共8页
目的探讨土家族药用植物竹节参提取物总皂苷对CCl_(4)致急性肝损伤的保护作用及潜在的药理学机制。方法将6周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、联苯双酯组(100 mg/kg)、竹节参总皂苷低、中、高(50、100、200 mg/kg)剂量组,各组... 目的探讨土家族药用植物竹节参提取物总皂苷对CCl_(4)致急性肝损伤的保护作用及潜在的药理学机制。方法将6周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、联苯双酯组(100 mg/kg)、竹节参总皂苷低、中、高(50、100、200 mg/kg)剂量组,各组8只,除空白组外,其余各组采用CCl_(4)诱导大鼠急性肝损伤模型,处理组于造模中给予药物灌胃干预。比较各组大鼠的血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、总胆红素(TBil)和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平;HE染色观察肝组织病理学改变;免疫组化检测肝脏组织PI3K/Akt/NF-κB信号通路相关分子的表达;酶联免疫法测定肝脏组织总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)水平;蛋白免疫印迹法检测肝脏组织PI3K-Akt和SIRT6-NF-κB通路相关蛋白表达情况。结果网络药理学分析显示,竹节参总皂苷对急性肝损伤的有治疗作用,其关键的通路为PI3K/Akt等信号通路。血清学和酶联免疫学实验结果显示,与正常组相比,模型组大鼠血清和肝组织的AST、ALT、ALP、TBil和MDA明显增高(P<0.01),T-SOD和GSHPx水平显著降低(P<0.01);与模型组相比,各治疗组ALT、AST、ALP、TBIL和MDA水平显著降低(P<0.01),T-SOD和GSH-Px水平显著升高(P<0.01)。免疫组化结果显示,正常组大鼠肝组织细胞内未见p-NF-κB表达阳性,与正常组相比,模型组中p-NF-κB阳性表达则明显增加,阳性细胞数增多(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各治疗组阳性表达明显减少(P<0.01)。免疫印迹结果显示,相对于正常组,模型组PI3K、p-Akt蛋白的表达水平下降,p-NF-κB、TNF-α和IL-6蛋白的表达水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,各治疗组PI3K、p-Akt和SIRT6蛋白的表达水平显著升高,p-NF-κB p65、TNF-α和IL-6的蛋白的表达水平显著降低(P<0.05)。结论竹节参总皂苷可以通过调节PI3K/Akt和NF-κB通路,有效减缓CCl_(4)诱导的大鼠急性肝损伤,发挥其抗炎、抗氧化应激和保护肝损伤的作用。 展开更多
关键词 急性肝损伤 竹节参总皂苷 PI3K/akt/NF-κB 抗炎 抗氧化
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Research progress on the anti-tumor effect of Codonopsis pilosula
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作者 Xing-Lei Yin Ren-Jun Gu Xuan Han 《Pharmacology Discovery》 2024年第3期22-29,共8页
Currently,the mortality rate of malignant tumors ranks second globally,surpassed only by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The treatment of malignant tumors poses a formidable challenge to both modern medici... Currently,the mortality rate of malignant tumors ranks second globally,surpassed only by cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.The treatment of malignant tumors poses a formidable challenge to both modern medicine and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).To date,TCM has developed a substantial foundational theoretical understanding and accumulated significant clinical experience in combating tumors.According to TCM foundational theories,"Qi deficiency"is a critical symptom associated with cancer,and"fortifying the body's vitality while expelling pathogens"is the cornerstone of TCM's approach to tumor treatment and bodily balance.Codonopsis pilosula(CP),a Qi-invigorating herb,is known to invigorat the spleen,benefit the lungs,nourish the blood,and promote bodily fluids.It is often employed as a substitute for ginseng in clinical settings.Prolonged clinical observations have identified key active constituents of CP,such as Codonopsis polysaccharides,isoimperatorin,saponins,lobetyolin,sesquiterpene lactones,and muscone.These ingredients exhibit various therapeutic properties,including anti-tumor,immunomodulatory,anti-infective,antioxidant,and hematopoiesis-enhancing effects.Additionally,when CP is combined with other TCM herbs like Astragalus and Atractylodes macrocephala,it bolsters the body's vital energy and rejuvenates both Qi and blood.CP can be used in combination with chemotherapy agents to mitigate the adverse effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy.Moreover,CP demonstrates potential in preventing precancerous lesions.This review summarizes recent research findings on the anti-tumor properties of CP,elucidates the anti-tumor effects and molecular mechanisms of its active components,provides a basis for promoting the utilization of CP resources and its active constituents,and offers insights for the research and development of new anti-tumor drugs. 展开更多
关键词 Codonopsis pilosula aNTI-TUMOR molecular mechanism Codonopsis polysaccharides ISOIMPERaTORIN saponinS
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三七总皂苷通过p38 MAPK通路抑制内毒素诱导的小胶质细胞活化
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作者 段兆达 王健翔 +4 位作者 杨力 徐冬垚 祁志 吴春云 贾文姬 《神经解剖学杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2024年第2期196-202,共7页
目的:探讨三七总皂苷(PNS)通过p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)通路对脂多糖(LPS)诱导活化的BV2小胶质细胞中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达的影响。方法:将BV2小胶质细胞分为空白对照组(Control)、LPS激活组和LPS+三七总皂苷干预组(LPS+... 目的:探讨三七总皂苷(PNS)通过p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)通路对脂多糖(LPS)诱导活化的BV2小胶质细胞中肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)表达的影响。方法:将BV2小胶质细胞分为空白对照组(Control)、LPS激活组和LPS+三七总皂苷干预组(LPS+PNS)。CCK-8法检测BV2小胶质细胞的活力,确定最适合的药物干预浓度。利用Western Blot和免疫荧光检测BV2小胶质细胞中p38 MAPK和TNF-α的表达及p38 MAPK磷酸化水平(p-p38 MAPK)变化。结果:与空白对照组相比,PNS对BV2小胶质细胞的细胞活力无显著差异,最终选定100 mg/L作为药物干预浓度。Western Blot、免疫荧光结果提示,LPS激活后,BV2小胶质细胞中TNF-α的表达显著升高,p38 MAPK磷酸化水平增加(P<0.05);PNS干预后,与LPS激活组相比,TNF-α表达显著下降,p38 MAPK磷酸化水平降低(P<0.05)。使用p38 MAPK通路抑制剂(SB203580)作用后,PNS联合SB203580组(LPS+PNS+SB203580)中,TNF-α表达及p38 MAPK磷酸化水平变化与LPS+PNS组相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。此外,p38 MAPK在各组的变化无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:PNS可能通过p38 MAPK通路抑制活化的BV2小胶质细胞分泌的炎性因子TNF-α的表达。 展开更多
关键词 三七总皂苷(PNS) p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MaPK) 脂多糖(LPS) 肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α) BV2小胶质细胞
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