Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC） is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and current therapeutic strategies are often unsatisfactory. Identification and development of more efficacious therapies is...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC） is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and current therapeutic strategies are often unsatisfactory. Identification and development of more efficacious therapies is urgently needed. Immunotherapy offered encouraging results in preclinical models during the last decades, and several clinical trials have explored its therapeutic application in PDAC. The aim of this review is to summarize the results of clinical trials conducted to evaluate the future perspective of immunotherapy in the treatment of PDAC.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to scale up around the world, costing severe health and economic losses. The developmen...The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to scale up around the world, costing severe health and economic losses. The development of an effective COVID-19 vaccine is of utmost importance. Most vaccine designs can be classified into three camps: protein based (inactivated vaccines, protein subunit, VLP and T-cell based vaccines), gene based (DNA or RNA vaccines, replicating or non-replicating viral/bacterial vectored vaccines), and a combination of both protein-based and gene-based (live-attenuated virus vaccines). Up to now, 237 candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are in development worldwide, of which 63 have been approved for clinical trials and 27 are evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials. Six candidate vaccines have been authorized for emergency use or conditional licensed, based on their efficacy data in phase 3 trials. This review summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of the candidate COVID-19 vaccines from various platforms, compares, and discusses their protective efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity according to the published clinical trials results.展开更多
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-CoV-2,is an imprecedented challenge to humanity.Global herd immunity may be necessary before resumption of normal economic and societal activities.Since the beginning of th...The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-CoV-2,is an imprecedented challenge to humanity.Global herd immunity may be necessary before resumption of normal economic and societal activities.Since the beginning of the outbreak,the development of COVID-19 vaccines has proceeded at record speed using nearly all available platforms or strategies to maximize vaccine success.A total of 42 vaccine candidates have now entered clinical trials and encouraging data from several vaccine candidates in phase 1 or 2 clinical trials have been reported.In this review,we examine current COVID-19 vaccine candidates,discuss their strengths and weaknesses,summarize published clinical data and analyze future challenges.展开更多
基金partially supported by American Cancer Society grant IRG 57-001-53
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma（PDAC） is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death and current therapeutic strategies are often unsatisfactory. Identification and development of more efficacious therapies is urgently needed. Immunotherapy offered encouraging results in preclinical models during the last decades, and several clinical trials have explored its therapeutic application in PDAC. The aim of this review is to summarize the results of clinical trials conducted to evaluate the future perspective of immunotherapy in the treatment of PDAC.
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to scale up around the world, costing severe health and economic losses. The development of an effective COVID-19 vaccine is of utmost importance. Most vaccine designs can be classified into three camps: protein based (inactivated vaccines, protein subunit, VLP and T-cell based vaccines), gene based (DNA or RNA vaccines, replicating or non-replicating viral/bacterial vectored vaccines), and a combination of both protein-based and gene-based (live-attenuated virus vaccines). Up to now, 237 candidate vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are in development worldwide, of which 63 have been approved for clinical trials and 27 are evaluated in phase 3 clinical trials. Six candidate vaccines have been authorized for emergency use or conditional licensed, based on their efficacy data in phase 3 trials. This review summarizes the strengths and weaknesses of the candidate COVID-19 vaccines from various platforms, compares, and discusses their protective efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity according to the published clinical trials results.
基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB29040201)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(81901680)National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFC0842300).
文摘The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-CoV-2,is an imprecedented challenge to humanity.Global herd immunity may be necessary before resumption of normal economic and societal activities.Since the beginning of the outbreak,the development of COVID-19 vaccines has proceeded at record speed using nearly all available platforms or strategies to maximize vaccine success.A total of 42 vaccine candidates have now entered clinical trials and encouraging data from several vaccine candidates in phase 1 or 2 clinical trials have been reported.In this review,we examine current COVID-19 vaccine candidates,discuss their strengths and weaknesses,summarize published clinical data and analyze future challenges.
