Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine: International Experience and China’s Path

The eradication of poliomyelitis is a landmark achievement in the history of public health, providing strong protection for children’s health. The introduction of the Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine is a prerequisite and safeguard for the large-scale production and use of domestically produced live poliovirus vaccines, serving as an indispensable component of vaccine safety. This article, based on archival documents, letters, collections of essays, and oral interviews, examines the historical experience of the development of Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine. It contends that the emphasis on localization and the active engagement in international cooperation are critical factors in the swift introduction of Chinese Regulations for the Manufacture and Control of Live Poliovirus Vaccine.

The Perspective of Covid-19 Vaccines: What Needs to Be Known and Its Expected Effect on the Human Population?

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a devastating blow to the entire world community and changes the order of human life. Purpose: All efforts and strategies are being carried out to contain and reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus by tightening the health protocol and using vaccines for the public. Currently, several vaccines are available and have passed phase 3 clinical trials, such as vector vaccines (Gamaleya Sputnik V Russia, University of Oxford/AstraZeneca, CanSino, and Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies), mRNA-based vaccines (Moderna/BioNTech/Fosun Pharma/Pfizer), inactivated vaccines (Sinovac and Sinopharm from China, Covaxin from Bharat Biotech India) and adjuvanted recombinant protein nanoparticles (Novavax from the USA), which are expected to be able to suppress the spread of the virus and produce a minimum of 70% herd immunity in a population. This study uses a narrative review from reputable publications and is closely related to the topic. Result: Each vaccine’s efficacy varies from the lowest, namely, the Sinovac vaccine (CoronaVac) 50%, to the highest the Novavax vaccine (NVX-Cov2373) 96% effectivity value. However, further rigorous research is still being carried out to develop an effective and efficient vaccine. Health workers are the last bastion to handle COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The primary purpose of the present immunization is to prevent and minimize the spread of COVID-19. At this time, the availability of a variety of vaccines is expected to provide strategic answers to the pandemic scenario that has afflicted countries all over the world.