The local configurations around metal ions in metalloproteins are of great significance for understanding their biolog- ical functions. Cu2+/histidine (His) is a typical complex existing in many metalloproteins and...The local configurations around metal ions in metalloproteins are of great significance for understanding their biolog- ical functions. Cu2+/histidine (His) is a typical complex existing in many metalloproteins and plays an important role in lots of physiological functions. The three-dimensional (3D) structural configurations of Cu2+/His complexes at different pH values (2.5, 6.5, and 8.5) are quantitatively determined by x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). Generally Cu2+/His complex keeps an octahedral configuration consisting of oxygen atoms from water molecules and oxygen or nitrogen atoms from histidine molecules coordinated around Cu2+. It is proved in this work that the oxygen atoms from water molecules, when increasing the pH value from acid to basic value, are gradually substituted by the Ocarboxy1, Nam, and Nim from hisitidine molecules. Furthermore, the symmetries of Cu2+/His complexes at pH 6.5 and pH 8.5 are found to be lower than at pH 2.5.展开更多
优化传统微电网的容量配置对其经济性的提升效果有限。为进一步提升经济性,文中在传统微电网的基础上耦合垃圾填埋气发电(landfill gas power generation,LGPG)和电转气(power to gas,P2G),提出一种基于LGPG-P2G的微电网模型。首先,综...优化传统微电网的容量配置对其经济性的提升效果有限。为进一步提升经济性,文中在传统微电网的基础上耦合垃圾填埋气发电(landfill gas power generation,LGPG)和电转气(power to gas,P2G),提出一种基于LGPG-P2G的微电网模型。首先,综合考虑碳交易和资金的时间价值对容量优化配置的影响,引入全生命周期理论和经济学中的净现值分析法;然后,以全生命周期的收益最大为目标,利用变异粒子群算法求解4种场景下的微电网容量最优配置,并使用Cplex求解传统微电网模型和所提微电网模型容量最优配置下的最优调度方案。结果表明在碳交易背景下基于LGPG-P2G的微电网模型具有更好的经济性。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11205186)
文摘The local configurations around metal ions in metalloproteins are of great significance for understanding their biolog- ical functions. Cu2+/histidine (His) is a typical complex existing in many metalloproteins and plays an important role in lots of physiological functions. The three-dimensional (3D) structural configurations of Cu2+/His complexes at different pH values (2.5, 6.5, and 8.5) are quantitatively determined by x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). Generally Cu2+/His complex keeps an octahedral configuration consisting of oxygen atoms from water molecules and oxygen or nitrogen atoms from histidine molecules coordinated around Cu2+. It is proved in this work that the oxygen atoms from water molecules, when increasing the pH value from acid to basic value, are gradually substituted by the Ocarboxy1, Nam, and Nim from hisitidine molecules. Furthermore, the symmetries of Cu2+/His complexes at pH 6.5 and pH 8.5 are found to be lower than at pH 2.5.
文摘优化传统微电网的容量配置对其经济性的提升效果有限。为进一步提升经济性,文中在传统微电网的基础上耦合垃圾填埋气发电(landfill gas power generation,LGPG)和电转气(power to gas,P2G),提出一种基于LGPG-P2G的微电网模型。首先,综合考虑碳交易和资金的时间价值对容量优化配置的影响,引入全生命周期理论和经济学中的净现值分析法;然后,以全生命周期的收益最大为目标,利用变异粒子群算法求解4种场景下的微电网容量最优配置,并使用Cplex求解传统微电网模型和所提微电网模型容量最优配置下的最优调度方案。结果表明在碳交易背景下基于LGPG-P2G的微电网模型具有更好的经济性。