An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures: low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water lea...An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures: low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water leaching of roasting slag. During the roasting process, the reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, the sodium oxidation of vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate, and the smelting separation of metallic iron and slag were accomplished simultaneously. Optimal roasting conditions for iron/slag separation were achieved with a mixture thickness of 42.5 mm, a roasting temperature of 1200°C, a residence time of 2 h, a molar ratio of C/O of 1.7, and a sodium carbonate addition of 70 wt%, as well as with the use of anthracite as a reductant. Under the optimal conditions, 93.67% iron from the raw ore was recovered in the form of iron nugget with 95.44% iron grade. After a water leaching process, 85.61% of the vanadium from the roasting slag was leached, confirming the sodium oxidation of most of the vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate during the roasting process. The total recoveries of iron, vanadium, and titanium were 93.67%, 72.68%, and 99.72%, respectively.展开更多
Recycling industrial solid waste not only saves resources but also eliminates environmental concerns of toxic threats.Herein,we proposed a new strategy for the utilization of petrochemical-derived carbon black waste,a...Recycling industrial solid waste not only saves resources but also eliminates environmental concerns of toxic threats.Herein,we proposed a new strategy for the utilization of petrochemical-derived carbon black waste,a waste vanadium-bearing resource(V>30000 ppm(10−6)).Chemical leaching was employed to extract metallic vanadium from the waste and the leachate containing V was used as an alternative raw material for the fabrication of vanadate nanomaterials.Through the screening of various metal cations,it was found that the contaminated Na^(+)during the leaching process showed strong competitive coordination with the vanadium ions.However,by adding foreign Ce^(3+)and Y^(3+)cations,two rare-earth vanadates,viz.,flower-like CeVO_(4)and spherical YVO_(4)nanomaterials,were successfully synthesized.Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,Fourier-transform infrared,and N2 physisorption were applied to analyze the physicochemical properties of the waste-derived nanomaterials.Importantly,we found that rare-earth vanadate catalysts exhibited good activities toward the semi-hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes.The conversion of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic alcohol selectivity were even higher than those of the common CeVO_(4)prepared using pure chemicals(67.2%vs.27.7%and 88.4%vs.53.5%).Our work provides a valuable new reference for preparing vanadate catalysts by the use of abundant vanadium-bearing waste resources.展开更多
The aqueous metal species with similar chemical properties are usually extracted together,limiting deep separation for high-purity metal.However,rare attention has been paid to metal speciation characterization and tr...The aqueous metal species with similar chemical properties are usually extracted together,limiting deep separation for high-purity metal.However,rare attention has been paid to metal speciation characterization and transformation during separation.Herein,the hydrolysis evolution of polymeric metal species was investigated systematically by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(ESI-TOF-MS).The transformation evolutions were visualized with respect to characteristic vanadium species(V_(1),V_(2),V_(3),V_(4) and V_(10)),chromium species(Cr_(1) and Cr_(2)),tungsten(W_(1),W_(2),W_(4),W_(6) and W_(10))and molybdenum(Mo_(1),Mo_(2) and Mo_(4))species.The key characteristics(such as specfic pHs and concentrations)for speciation variation were revealed.The polymerization behavior of several transition metals can be semiquantitative characterized by this strategy.The sufficient speciation transformation provides a solid base for metal speciation chemistry,and guides further development of high-purity metal recovery.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Nos.2013CB632601 and 2013CB632604)the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China(Nos.51125018 and 51504230)+3 种基金the Key Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KGZD-EW-201-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51374191,21106167,2160624,and 51104139)the Financial Grant from the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2012M510552 and 2013T60175)the Nonprofit Industry Research Subject of Environmental Projection(No.201509053)
文摘An innovative method for recovering valuable elements from vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite is proposed. This method involves two procedures: low-temperature roasting of vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite and water leaching of roasting slag. During the roasting process, the reduction of iron oxides to metallic iron, the sodium oxidation of vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate, and the smelting separation of metallic iron and slag were accomplished simultaneously. Optimal roasting conditions for iron/slag separation were achieved with a mixture thickness of 42.5 mm, a roasting temperature of 1200°C, a residence time of 2 h, a molar ratio of C/O of 1.7, and a sodium carbonate addition of 70 wt%, as well as with the use of anthracite as a reductant. Under the optimal conditions, 93.67% iron from the raw ore was recovered in the form of iron nugget with 95.44% iron grade. After a water leaching process, 85.61% of the vanadium from the roasting slag was leached, confirming the sodium oxidation of most of the vanadium oxides to water-soluble sodium vanadate during the roasting process. The total recoveries of iron, vanadium, and titanium were 93.67%, 72.68%, and 99.72%, respectively.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U21A20324 and 21908073)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant Nos.2019J01074 and 2021J06026)。
文摘Recycling industrial solid waste not only saves resources but also eliminates environmental concerns of toxic threats.Herein,we proposed a new strategy for the utilization of petrochemical-derived carbon black waste,a waste vanadium-bearing resource(V>30000 ppm(10−6)).Chemical leaching was employed to extract metallic vanadium from the waste and the leachate containing V was used as an alternative raw material for the fabrication of vanadate nanomaterials.Through the screening of various metal cations,it was found that the contaminated Na^(+)during the leaching process showed strong competitive coordination with the vanadium ions.However,by adding foreign Ce^(3+)and Y^(3+)cations,two rare-earth vanadates,viz.,flower-like CeVO_(4)and spherical YVO_(4)nanomaterials,were successfully synthesized.Characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy,Fourier-transform infrared,and N2 physisorption were applied to analyze the physicochemical properties of the waste-derived nanomaterials.Importantly,we found that rare-earth vanadate catalysts exhibited good activities toward the semi-hydrogenation ofα,β-unsaturated aldehydes.The conversion of cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic alcohol selectivity were even higher than those of the common CeVO_(4)prepared using pure chemicals(67.2%vs.27.7%and 88.4%vs.53.5%).Our work provides a valuable new reference for preparing vanadate catalysts by the use of abundant vanadium-bearing waste resources.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M670459,2020T130655)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22008248 and 51934006).
文摘The aqueous metal species with similar chemical properties are usually extracted together,limiting deep separation for high-purity metal.However,rare attention has been paid to metal speciation characterization and transformation during separation.Herein,the hydrolysis evolution of polymeric metal species was investigated systematically by electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(ESI-TOF-MS).The transformation evolutions were visualized with respect to characteristic vanadium species(V_(1),V_(2),V_(3),V_(4) and V_(10)),chromium species(Cr_(1) and Cr_(2)),tungsten(W_(1),W_(2),W_(4),W_(6) and W_(10))and molybdenum(Mo_(1),Mo_(2) and Mo_(4))species.The key characteristics(such as specfic pHs and concentrations)for speciation variation were revealed.The polymerization behavior of several transition metals can be semiquantitative characterized by this strategy.The sufficient speciation transformation provides a solid base for metal speciation chemistry,and guides further development of high-purity metal recovery.