Spatial Design Strategies for Community Parks Based on Environmental Perception

By applying environmental perception theories, spatial configurations of community parks were analyzed, and spatial design strategies meeting perceptual psychology of users were proposed to integrate the community park environment into daily life of local residents, and create a harmonious and vital living environment.

Humanized Spatial Layout Design of Cultural Plaza

From the perspective of humanized design concepts, humanized space design and behavioral psychological needs of users were re-interpreted and analyzed, basic elements and design principles of cultural plaza spatial layout were proposed. Particularly, application and role of humanized design in the spatial layout of cultural plaza was analyzed, on the basis of which humanized design objective and orientation for the sustainable development of cultural plaza was defined.

The Use of Spatial Sampling Designs in Business Surveys

An innovative use of spatial sampling designs is here presented. Sampling methods which consider spatial locations of statistical units are already used in agricultural and environmental contexts, while they have never been exploited for establishment surveys. However, the rapidly increasing availability of geo- referenced information about business units makes that possible. In business studies, it may indeed be important to take into account the presence of spatial autocorrelation or spatial trends in the variables of interest, in order to have more precise and efficient estimates. The opportunity of using the most innovative spatial sampling designs in business surveys, in order to produce samples that are well spread in space, is here tested by means of Monte Carlo experiments. For all designs, the Horvitz-Thompson estimator of the population total is used both with equal and unequal inclusion probabilities. The efficiency of sampling designs is evaluated in terms of relative RMSE and efficiency gain compared with designs ignoring the spatial information. Furthermore, an evaluation of spatially balancing samples is also conducted.

Ethical Implication of Spatial Design of Hakka Enclosed-castled-houses in Southern Jiangxi

The Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi are the historical treasure of Hakka culture,and are the material carrier of Hakka traditional excellent ethics.This article combs the historical development of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses from the perspective of design,and explores the ethical implication of respecting ancestors,respecting social rank,and valuing harmony in space design,in order to provide new ideas and basic theoretical support for the protection and inheritance of Hakka enclosed-castled-houses in southern Jiangxi.

Adaptive Coding Design of Automatic Weather Station Message for"Cloud+End"Networking

A large number of automatic weather stations with different observation elements and gradient configurations are connected for operation,in order to meet the meteorological service needs of different scenes.The station density and observation frequency are encrypted to obtain observation data with higher spatial and temporal resolution.The original message with fixed element data location is the data combination of all observation elements and the maximum observation gradient of each element,which not only has higher invalid data redundancy,but also restricts the efficiency of data collection and processing,and also increases communication costs.An adaptive coding design method for the original message of automatic weather station is proposed.The embedded software coding algorithm of the weather station collector is optimized according to"plug and output"to realize intelligent networking,intelligent identification of observation elements and gradients,and dynamic flexible output of messages with variable length.The intelligent networking and business application of nearly 4000 automatic weather stations across the province show that the networking data acquisition and processing are efficient and stable.

Campus Design Strategies Based on Spatial Images： A Case Study of Four New Campuses in Chengdu

From 1999, with the rapid expansion of enrollment scale, colleges have experienced fast development and construction of new campuses. However, the urgency of the demand for campus space at that time led to the shortcomings of paying more attention to speed than connotation during the construction of the new campus. Even now the evaluation of new campuses which have been used for nearly twenty years and whether the space of new campuses has played its due role will affect the display of the heritage and temperament of colleges. This paper uses the typical spatial cognitive concept—spatial image to analyse the elements of spatial images on campuses, summarizes the perceptions of teachers and students towards the space of four new campuses in Chengdu through questionnaire survey and analysis, puts forward the principles of campus space design and the strategies of classification design, and intends to take spatial images as the research cut-in point to provide new ideas and suggestions for the design and improvement of campus space from the perspective of users.

Design and Characterization of an Aerosol Test Chamber for Emergency Response Patient Contamination Control Simulation and Research

Contaminated or infected patients present a risk of cross-contamination for emergency responders, attending medical personnel and medical facilities as they enter a treatment facility. The controlled conditions of an aerosol test chamber are required to examine factors of contamination, decontamination, and cross-contamination. This study presents the design, construction, and a method for characterizing an aerosol test chamber for a full-sized manikin on a standard North Atlantic Treaty Organization litter. The methodology combined air velocity measurements, aerosol particle counts and size distributions, and computational fluid dynamics modeling to describe the chamber’s performance in three dimensions. This detailed characterization facilitates future experimental design by predicting chamber performance for a variety of patient-focused research.

从规律认知到类型建构——城市设计的入门探索

城市空间具有明确的建构规律,它通过建设单元地块划分与类型建筑的组织,展现出“建筑—街坊—街区”的空间逻辑。为帮助首次接受城市设计训练的高年级学生快速认知这一逻辑,本文通过国际现代城市成熟案例的分析,完成空间建构规律总结,将其作为操作工具并完成一个当代城市街区的城市设计。具体操作分两步走:首先通过建筑的组合建构城市街坊;然后通过街坊的组合构成城市街区。不同寻常的是,要求学生在上海城市语境下完成一个抽象基地的设计工作,从而避开复杂现实条件的干扰,专注空间规律,以此揭示这种简单逻辑的深刻性及其跨越文化的属性,从而验证其对城市设计的普适意义。

考虑润滑间隙效应的空间并联机构动力学优化

为了改善润滑间隙效应引起的空间并联机构动态性能的渐变劣化问题,以3-RRPaR冗余并联机构为研究对象,提出一种考虑润滑间隙效应的空间并联机构动力学优化方法。建立了考虑润滑转动副间隙的3-RRPaR冗余并联机构动力学模型;以优化末端执行器的动力学响应误差和优化间隙关节处的约束反力为目的设置目标函数,通过优化末端执行器质量以及转动惯量的方式来缓解运动副间隙导致的劣化效应,建立了考虑润滑间隙效应3-RRPaR冗余并联机构动力学优化模型;试验验证了所建动力学模型的有效性,对比分析两种目标函数对优化效果的影响以选择最佳优化方式,并分析优化前后考虑润滑间隙效应的空间并联机构动力学特性,结果表明动力学优化使润滑间隙转动副处约束反力峰值降低16.16%,为改善间隙效应提高空间并联机构动态性能提供了理论支撑。

中国传统地域建筑文化的当代重构议题——基于徽州合院形式的设计探索

徽州合院是特定地域内自然环境和社会文化在建筑形式上的重要表征。本文针对中国传统地域建筑文化的当代重构议题,立足于徽州合院形式的设计探索,从形式美学、空间组织、场所营造三个方面解析传统徽州合院地域特征,运用特征归纳、比较分析、案例解读等方法解读三个当代建筑案例,进而揭示出徽州合院在形式操作、空间组织、组群构建三个层级上转译与重构方法,阐释当今地域创作中对徽州合院形式的传承与变异,探索徽州合院形式对当代创作的潜能,并探讨建筑实践中传统与当代、地域与全球的关系。

轨道交通换乘站厅携物老人行为-空间适配研究

老年人群作为轨道交通客流中的生理性弱势人群,其携物出行具有差异化的特征与需求,面临环境客观存在的行为障碍。从行为与空间的适配关系切入,调研分析不同携物状态下,轨道交通老年人群的行为分异特征及需求范畴,聚焦精细化空间矛盾点。在此基础上,从空间、设备、标识系统、公共家具等类别的前沿技术的可行应用方面,讨论应对携物老人这类特殊群体行为需求的轨道交通地下换乘站厅空间适配优化设计对策,并通过人因工程仿真软件JACK进行微观模拟,以验证对策的有效性。研究成果可为微观层面空间与行为仿真模拟,以及地下交通建筑公共空间精细化设计提供参考。

虚实融生与时空再构:元宇宙环境中的高校虚拟教育空间设计

目的元宇宙正成为教育创新实践的新场域,探究元宇宙虚拟空间如何与高校教育更好地融合。方法分析元宇宙新型教育空间的构成要素及应用场景,概述元宇宙高校教育空间的设计理念,从空间、交互、情境、运行、管理五个方面探索提升元宇宙高校教育空间效果的设计手段。结果元宇宙时代下的教育空间不仅是技术建构的数据空间,也朝着有人文氛围和人际温度的数字校园方向不断发展,重点关注用户的在场感、沉浸感和体验感,保证元宇宙教育空间的生态性和规范性,从功能性和服务性上完成对传统教育空间的完善和超越,最终实现开放共享的普惠型教育空间生态。结论元宇宙高校教育空间的发展需要清醒地认识其教育属性,规避因其技术性突出而导致的技术囚笼风险,促进技术与教育良好互动循环。

空间正义视角下社区更新设计策略研究

我国城市建设正进入存量提质阶段,社区更新中空间资源公平分配备受关注。通过Cite Space软件分析空间正义理论研究现状,并采用PSPL法调研社区现况及人群需求,研究社区空间问题和“非正义”现象,同时分析国内公共空间更新的“空间正义”案例,总结设计思路与方法。基于调研内容,从场地功能、关怀处理、环境协调和治理程序四个正义策略出发,探讨如何平衡社区主体需求,改善物质与精神环境,提升居民生活质量,为社区更新建设提供参考。

面向乡村建筑分时分区用能需求的零碳综合能源系统设计优化

基于传统最大负荷原则设计的综合能源系统容量通常远大于建筑的实际用能需求,导致以户为单位的乡村综合能源系统设计缺乏针对性和适用性。该文通过现场调查和数值模拟的方法精细化乡村建筑的实际用能需求,基于农户用能行为制定4种用能策略。并构建考虑农户经济水平和零碳约束的综合能源系统设计优化模型,采用两阶段带精英策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(Top-NSGA-II)进行多目标优化问题的求解,获得不同策略下的最佳设计方案。结果表明,与基于建筑全空间连续动态负荷的设计优化方案相比,基于分时分区用能需求的设计方案年总成本降低13.58%,系统购电比例降低7.89个百分点,实现全年净零碳排放。

国土空间规划背景下“多维融合”教学模式探索——以国土空间总体规划系列课程为例

国土空间规划背景下,城乡规划专业教学需要不断更新与完善。以内蒙古工业大学城乡规划专业国土空间总体规划系列课程为例,从人才培养目标、教学团队平台、教学模式方法、教学评价体系四个方面,构建了“产学研”相融合、交叉学科理论与规划实践相融合、线上线下与多种教学方法相融合、多元化教学评价主体相融合的“多维融合”教学改革模式。为适应城乡规划发展的新要求、新形势和新使命,探索集理论、实践、方法、研究于一体的教育教学新模式。

水文学知识介入风景园林设计的空间机制分析框架

随着风景园林设计对水文分析要求的提升,设计师在设计实践中,往往存在着无法准确理解与应用水文学知识的情况。在引入“空间机制”概念后,发现明晰景观空间(自变量x)与景观功能(因变量y)之间的因果关系是解决该问题的关键,而基于水文学知识的水文过程分析则是研究特定景观空间与景观功能因果关系的有效途径,因此构建了“景观空间变量-水文要素变量-景观功能变量”的分析框架。应用该框架,将河流流速相关的水文学知识转译为设计语言,并分析河流流速与河流廊道空间变量和景观功能变量之间如何相互影响,从而提出不同功能目标导向下的河流廊道景观设计策略,并提炼出水文学知识向风景园林设计语言转译及应用于实践的一般途径。

环境行为学视域下商业空间体验性设计探析

文章基于体验经济时代下对传统目的式消费空间设计的新思考,以环境行为学理论为基础,从消费体验者的行为模式和心理需求出发,结合商业空间内情景化主题的构建、互动性的设计手法对体验性空间案例进行分析,探索消费者的行为感知与商业空间体验性设计的相互关系。通过对案例的归纳总结,从场景塑造、动线组织、功能布局三个维度,论述适合当下多元消费需求的城市商业空间体验性设计策略,打造符合主体需求和行为习惯的体验性商业空间。

红色纪念馆空间叙事表达与认同建构研究——以南昌八一起义纪念馆为例

红色纪念馆作为弘扬红色精神、红色文化的重要场所,对于呈现革命历史事件、传承红色文化具有重要意义,其室内展示通过不同表达逻辑完成景观叙事的过程,以实现国家认同建构为目标,提升国民对国家的自豪感、归属感。南昌八一起义纪念馆通过语言文本叙事、景观场景叙事、民俗文物叙事与数字虚拟叙事的四种叙事方式,呈现了南昌八一起义历史事件的过程,再通过不同的实践方式实现国家认同建构的目标。红色纪念馆空间叙事对于促进爱国主义教育的进程、红色精神的传播、大力宣扬了红色文化等方面都起到了重要的作用。