With precision agriculture as the base line, using embedded system as technical support, a set of ideas is proposed for solving the serious pesticide poisoning problem, including farmland information collection, exper...With precision agriculture as the base line, using embedded system as technical support, a set of ideas is proposed for solving the serious pesticide poisoning problem, including farmland information collection, experts database analysis and variable pesticide spraying, etc.展开更多
Pesticide efficacy tests are typically conducted in experimental plots which involve applying multiple chemical treatments at different application rates and timings. Utilizing a single boom pesticide applicator requi...Pesticide efficacy tests are typically conducted in experimental plots which involve applying multiple chemical treatments at different application rates and timings. Utilizing a single boom pesticide applicator requires navigating to individual plots, applying a pesticide assigned to those plots and when all replications are completed, cleaning the equipment and reloading the next pesticide treatment into the tank. It usually takes several hours to accomplish this task, especially when the left hand side of a plot requires a different pesticide treatment than the right hand side. In order to facilitate application of pesticide treatments in experimental plots, two map-based controller systems were developed to drive multi-channel pesticide applicators. The Clemson “Multi-Channel Chemical Controllers” consist of solid-state relays controlled by custom software, solenoid valves, and GPS receivers. The first system can control up to 24 individual booms which could independently apply up to 24 different chemical treatments in each field plot area. The second system is the Clemson “Intelligent Farm Controller” (iFc), which could be connected to a variety of devices, such as spray and motor actuators. For this study, the controller was designed to handle four output pins to control four relays;however, it could easily be expanded to control more relays, if needed. On average, these systems reduced application times in test fields from six hours to 20 minutes, compared to single-boom applicators (p = 0.001), thereby reducing the time interval between treatment applications and significantly reducing the potential effect of adverse weather.展开更多
The world receives more than 200 thousand people in a day and it is expected that the total world population will reach 9.6 billion by the year 2050.This will result in extra food demand,which can only be met from enh...The world receives more than 200 thousand people in a day and it is expected that the total world population will reach 9.6 billion by the year 2050.This will result in extra food demand,which can only be met from enhanced crop yield.Therefore,modernization of the agricultural sector becomes the need of the hour.There are many constraints that are responsible for the low production of crops,which can be overcome by using drone technology in the agriculture sector.This paper presents an analysis of drone technologies and their modifications with time in the agriculture sector in the last decade.The application of drones in the area of crop monitoring,and pesticide spraying for Precision Agriculture(PA)has been covered.The work done related to drone structure,multiple sensor development,innovation in spot area spraying has been presented.Moreover,the use of Artificial Intelligent(AI)and deep learning for the remote monitoring of crops has been discussed.展开更多
Improving pesticide application efficiency is increasingly important in orchard spraying.In this study,a laser-scanning system was designed to acquire gridding volumes of a tree to quantify the geometry characteristic...Improving pesticide application efficiency is increasingly important in orchard spraying.In this study,a laser-scanning system was designed to acquire gridding volumes of a tree to quantify the geometry characteristics of the tree canopy in real-time.A laser-scanning sensor mounted on a linear guide was utilized to measure the structure of a target tree canopy.A computer was used to receive measurement data from the laser scanner and obtain the movement distance of the laser-scanning sensor from a controller.An algorithm written with VC#program was designed to calculate gridding volumes of trees by recognizing valid measurement data from the laser scanner.Laboratory evaluations were conducted on three kinds of regular objects,and the maximum relative errors of section volumes of the cuboid,triangular prism and cylinder objects were 3.3%,7.9%and 9.4%,respectively,which illustrated that the algorithm could calculate the section volumes in different parts of the objects with high accuracy.A conifer tree and an apple tree were chosen to verify detecting accuracy of the laser-scanning system at variable speeds and grid sizes.The variation coefficients of total volumes for each kind of the tree were 0.078 and 0.041,respectively,which indicated that the laser-scanning system could be applied to provide the gridding volumes of different canopy densities in real-time with good reliability for guiding a variable-rate sprayer.展开更多
Techniques and measurements of ultra-low-volume spraving with airplane are studied. From practice it shows tha we can achieve good results of prevention and control of diseases and pests, if we take the following meas...Techniques and measurements of ultra-low-volume spraving with airplane are studied. From practice it shows tha we can achieve good results of prevention and control of diseases and pests, if we take the following measures: The speed of flying is 160 km/h. The height of flying is 5 to 7m for plain and 15 to 20m for mountain area. The flashing point is over 70℃. The sparying width is 60m. The size of fog drop is 80 to 120μ. The density of fog drop is over 10 drops per cm2.展开更多
基金Supported by Education Science " Eleventh Five-Year" Assistance Fund Project in Hebei Province(06130044)Hebei Hengshui City Association of Social Sciences 2009 Social Science Research Projects (0907B)Hengshui University 2009 Class Project(2009016)~~
文摘With precision agriculture as the base line, using embedded system as technical support, a set of ideas is proposed for solving the serious pesticide poisoning problem, including farmland information collection, experts database analysis and variable pesticide spraying, etc.
文摘Pesticide efficacy tests are typically conducted in experimental plots which involve applying multiple chemical treatments at different application rates and timings. Utilizing a single boom pesticide applicator requires navigating to individual plots, applying a pesticide assigned to those plots and when all replications are completed, cleaning the equipment and reloading the next pesticide treatment into the tank. It usually takes several hours to accomplish this task, especially when the left hand side of a plot requires a different pesticide treatment than the right hand side. In order to facilitate application of pesticide treatments in experimental plots, two map-based controller systems were developed to drive multi-channel pesticide applicators. The Clemson “Multi-Channel Chemical Controllers” consist of solid-state relays controlled by custom software, solenoid valves, and GPS receivers. The first system can control up to 24 individual booms which could independently apply up to 24 different chemical treatments in each field plot area. The second system is the Clemson “Intelligent Farm Controller” (iFc), which could be connected to a variety of devices, such as spray and motor actuators. For this study, the controller was designed to handle four output pins to control four relays;however, it could easily be expanded to control more relays, if needed. On average, these systems reduced application times in test fields from six hours to 20 minutes, compared to single-boom applicators (p = 0.001), thereby reducing the time interval between treatment applications and significantly reducing the potential effect of adverse weather.
基金This work was performed under a Project entitled“Development of IoT and Drone-based Agriculture Monitoring System with Objective of Skill Development of Socially Deprived Community”funded by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology(MeitY)Delhi,Govt.of India.Grant Approval letter no.26(6)/2019-ESDA.
文摘The world receives more than 200 thousand people in a day and it is expected that the total world population will reach 9.6 billion by the year 2050.This will result in extra food demand,which can only be met from enhanced crop yield.Therefore,modernization of the agricultural sector becomes the need of the hour.There are many constraints that are responsible for the low production of crops,which can be overcome by using drone technology in the agriculture sector.This paper presents an analysis of drone technologies and their modifications with time in the agriculture sector in the last decade.The application of drones in the area of crop monitoring,and pesticide spraying for Precision Agriculture(PA)has been covered.The work done related to drone structure,multiple sensor development,innovation in spot area spraying has been presented.Moreover,the use of Artificial Intelligent(AI)and deep learning for the remote monitoring of crops has been discussed.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2016YFD0200700).
文摘Improving pesticide application efficiency is increasingly important in orchard spraying.In this study,a laser-scanning system was designed to acquire gridding volumes of a tree to quantify the geometry characteristics of the tree canopy in real-time.A laser-scanning sensor mounted on a linear guide was utilized to measure the structure of a target tree canopy.A computer was used to receive measurement data from the laser scanner and obtain the movement distance of the laser-scanning sensor from a controller.An algorithm written with VC#program was designed to calculate gridding volumes of trees by recognizing valid measurement data from the laser scanner.Laboratory evaluations were conducted on three kinds of regular objects,and the maximum relative errors of section volumes of the cuboid,triangular prism and cylinder objects were 3.3%,7.9%and 9.4%,respectively,which illustrated that the algorithm could calculate the section volumes in different parts of the objects with high accuracy.A conifer tree and an apple tree were chosen to verify detecting accuracy of the laser-scanning system at variable speeds and grid sizes.The variation coefficients of total volumes for each kind of the tree were 0.078 and 0.041,respectively,which indicated that the laser-scanning system could be applied to provide the gridding volumes of different canopy densities in real-time with good reliability for guiding a variable-rate sprayer.
文摘Techniques and measurements of ultra-low-volume spraving with airplane are studied. From practice it shows tha we can achieve good results of prevention and control of diseases and pests, if we take the following measures: The speed of flying is 160 km/h. The height of flying is 5 to 7m for plain and 15 to 20m for mountain area. The flashing point is over 70℃. The sparying width is 60m. The size of fog drop is 80 to 120μ. The density of fog drop is over 10 drops per cm2.