STUDIES ON COLOR TYPE VARIANTSFROM MUTAGENIZED PROTOPLASTS OFPORPHYRA HAITANENSIS CHANG ET ZHENG& P. YEZOENSIS UEDA (RHODOPHYCEASE )

Isolated protoplasts from thalli of Porphyra haitanensis and Porphyra yezoensis were treated with colchicine or irradiated by ultraviolet (UV ). Several types of color variants were observed among the protoplast offspring. After treatment with colchicine: (1) 0.04-0.09% of red type variants in P. haitanensis were obtained; (2) The rate of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of sectors were 6.31- 1.11% in P. yezoensis. After irradiation with UV: (1) 3.5- 10.5% of red type variants in P. yezoensis were obtained: (2) 0.5-2-0% of red type variants and the variegated chimeral thalli composed of red type and wild type of sectors were obtained in P. haitanensis. Colchicine and UV’s mutangenic effects on P. yezoensis protoplasts were stronger than those on P. haitanensis protoplasts. The most efficient concentration of colchicine was 0.05%. The optimal length of UV-radiation was 1/2 min (radiation distance 5 cm). The red type variants induced, by colchicine

Integrated Manufacturing Cell Formation Technology Orienting Multi-product Type and Variant Volume Production

What is pursued by multi-product type and variant volume（MPTVV） production is rapid response and quick switching,so that structure of transferring line in manufacturing system is no longer unalterable.Cell formation（CF） algorithm is the key technology of cellular manufacturing system（CMS）.Currently,CF methods are mainly extended on the idea of group technology（GT） that covers a lot on analysis of resource capability matching and its algorithm.Various constraints are considered,but seldom utilized comprehensively.Aimed to the problem of manufacturing cell（MC） formation under MPTVV production mode,integrated formation technologies for typical MC as group type of cell（GC）,flow type of cell（FC） and inherited cell（IC） are presented based on technical analysis of CF.Oriented to practical production constraints like delivery time,product batch,equipment ability,key machine,key part and machine sharing,etc,an integrated formation model is constructed and internal interrelations of these constraints are analyzed synthetically.Ulteriorly,formation goals of types of MCs and their formation procedures under joint effect of formation constraints and rules are spread.In case study,three highly balanced GC are formed first;then FC formation are implemented based on the same data which indicate good balancing effect of cell load and flow-style production for key tasks;When task is adjusted,a new scheme is constructed on the result of FC configuration by using IC formation method,and more optimal performance of flow-style production is manifested.The proposed comparative study of different type of cells strongly explains the validation of integrated MC formation in support of rapid manufacturing resource transformation under MPTVV production mode.

Association of gene variants with susceptibility to type 2 diabetes among Omanis

AIM:To investigate the association of 10 known common gene variants with susceptibility to type 2diabetes mellitus(T2D)among Omanis.METHODS:Using case-control design,a total of992 diabetic patients and 294 normoglycemic Omani Arabs were genotyped,by an allelic discrimination assay-by-design TaqMan method on fast real time polymerase chain reaction system,for the following gene variants:KCNJ11(rs5219),TCF7L2(rs7903146),CDKAL1(rs10946398),CDKN2A/B(rs10811661),FTO(rs9939609 and rs8050136),IGF2BP2(rs4402960),SLC30A8(rs13266634)CAPN10(rs3792267)and HHEX(rs1111875).T2D patients were recruited from the Diabetes Clinic(n=243)and inpatients(n=749)at Sultan Qaboos Univesity Hospital(SQUH),Muscat,Oman.Adult control participants(n=294)were volunteers from the community and from those visiting Family Medicine Clinic at SQU,for regular medical checkup.The difficulty in recruiting Omani participants with no family history of diabetes was the main reason behind the small number of control participants in this study.Almost all volunteers questioned had a relativewith diabetes mellitus.Inspite of the small number of normoglycemic controls in this study,this sample was sufficient for detection of genes and loci for common alleles influencing T2D with an odds ratio of≥1.3reaching at least 80%power.Data was collected from June 2010 to February 2012.RESULTS:Using binary logistic regression analysis,four gene variants showed significant association with T2D risk:KCNJ11(rs5219,P=5.8×10^(-6),OR=1.74),TCF7L2(rs7903146,P=0.001,OR=1.46),CDKAL1(rs10946398,P=0.002,OR=1.44)and CDKN2A/B(rs10811661,P=0.020,OR=1.40).The fixation index analysis of these four gene variants indicated significant genetic differentiation between diabetics and controls{[KCNJ11(rs5219),P<0.001],[TCF7L2(rs7903146),P<0.001],[CDKAL1(rs10946398),P<0.05],[CDKN2A/B(rs10811661),P<0.05]}.The highest genotype variation%between diabetics and controls was found at KCNJ11(2.07%)and TCF7L2(1.62%).This study was not able to detect an association of T2D risk with gene variants of IGF2BP2(rs4402960),SLC30A8(rs13266634),CAPN10(rs3792267)and HHEX(rs1111875).Moreover,no association was found between FTO gene variants(rs9939609 and rs8050136)and T2D risk.However,T2D risk was found to be significantly associated with obesity(P=0.002,OR=2.22);and with the Waist-to-Hip ratio(n=532,P=1.9×10^(-7),OR=2.4),[among males(n=234,P=1.2×10^(-4),OR=2.0)and females(n=298,P=0.001,OR=6.3)].CONCLUSION:Results confirmed the association of KCNJ11(rs5219),TCF7L2(rs7903146),CDKAL1(rs10946398)and CDKN2A/B(rs10811661)gene variants with susceptibility to T2D among Omani Arabs.

48份水稻骨干材料香味及Badh2变异类型的鉴定

为促进香稻育种,明确水稻重要种质资源中香味基因的存在情况,本研究将传统香味鉴定方法(KOH浸泡法)与分子标记技术相结合,对48份水稻骨干材料的香味及香味基因Badh2变异类型进行鉴定。结果表明,在48份供试材料中,利用KOH浸泡法检测到具有香味的材料有44份;利用香味基因Badh2的7种等位基因变异类型功能标记检测到含有香味的材料有43份,其中,有41份为纯合香型,2份为杂合型,等位基因Badh2-E2的变异类型有37份,等位基因Badh2-E7的变异类型有6份,未检测到等位基因Badh2-E4-5、Badh2-E12、Badh2-E13、Badh2-UTR和Badh2-Pro的变异类型。通过比较KOH浸泡法与分子标记技术,发现仅有1份材料检测结果不同,明水香稻(X23)用KOH浸泡法检测出具有香味,但本研究所用的Badh2的7种等位基因变异类型功能标记却未检测出含有香味,说明该材料可能属于Badh2其他已报道的或新的等位基因变异类型,也可能是含有新的香味基因。

VB数据类型Variant的性能分析

Variant是 VB2 .0及其以后版本的缺省数据类型 ,它是 VB中的一种特殊的数据类型 ,可以包含数值、字符串或日期数据 ,还可以包含特殊数值 Empty、Error及 Null等。Variant变量能够存储所有系统定义类型的数据。如果把它们赋予 Variant变量 ,则不必在这些数据的类型间进行转换 ,Visual Basic会自动根据上下文完成任何必要的转换。这样我们可以使用 Variant来替换任何数据类型 ,从而更有适应性。虽然使用方便灵活 ,但是 Variant比其它数据类型所占内存大 ,并且运行速度慢 ,应该有限制地使用。

MLST技术分析中国烟草野火病菌遗传多样性

明确烟草野火病菌多位点序列分型(MLST)情况,能为制订有效防治措施和选育品种提供强力技术支撑,并为病菌的生物学特性研究提供新视角。从湖南、重庆等5个产烟省(市)烟草生产区采集烟草野火病样,组织分离并鉴定,应用MLST分型,筛选管家基因,分析供试菌株遗传多样性。结果表明,从湖南等5个产烟省(市)分离获得烟草野火病菌144株,筛选得到Pgi、Pfk和Gap 3个管家基因,共获得92个ST型。以Pgi基因为标准,供试菌株可分出亚群5个,单一群4个,亚群1和亚群2菌株数量较多,亚群1菌株来自5个产烟省(市),此亚群的ST43属于中国主要种群。说明中国烟草野火病菌遗传多态性丰富,烟草品种与病菌组群间不存在关联性。

补肺舒喘汤联合孟鲁司特钠片治疗肺气虚型咳嗽变异性哮喘的效果

目的:探讨补肺舒喘汤联合孟鲁司特钠片治疗肺气虚型咳嗽变异性哮喘的效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年12月北京市昌平区沙河医院收治的96例肺气虚型咳嗽变异性哮喘患者。根据随机数表法将其分为对照组与中医组,各48例。对照组给予孟鲁司特钠片,中医组在对照组基础上给予补肺舒喘汤治疗。比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后炎症因子、肺功能及不良反应。结果:治疗后,两组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)水平均低于治疗前,中医组IL-6、CRP、PCT及ESR水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、最大呼气流速峰值(PEF)均高于治疗前,中医组FVC、FEV1、PEF均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中医组临床总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:补肺舒喘汤联合孟鲁司特钠片治疗肺气虚型咳嗽变异性哮喘,能够控制其炎症因子水平,改善肺功能,提高疗效,且不会增加不良反应。

Pharmacogenetic studies update in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is a silent progressive polygenic metabolic disorder resulting from ineffective insulin cascading in the body. World-wide, about 415 million people are suffering from T2DM with a projected rise to 642 million in 2040. T2DM is treated with several classes of oral antidiabetic drugs(OADs) viz. biguanides, sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, etc. Treatment strategies for T2DM are to minimize long-term micro and macro vascular complications by achieving an optimized glycemic control. Genetic variations in the human genome not only disclose the risk of T2DM development but also predict the personalized response to drug therapy. Inter-individual variability in response to OADs is due to polymorphisms in genes encoding drug receptors, transporters, and metabolizing enzymes for example, genetic variants in solute carrier transporters(SLC22A1, SLC22A2, SLC22A3, SLC47A1 and SLC47A2) are actively involved in glycemic/HbA1c management of metformin. In addition, CYP gene encoding Cytochrome P450 enzymes also play a crucial role with respect to metabolism of drugs. Pharmacogenetic studies provide insights on the relationship between individual genetic variants and variable therapeutic outcomes of various OADs. Clinical utility of pharmacogenetic study is to predict the therapeutic dose of various OADs on individual basis. Pharmacogenetics therefore, is a step towards personalized medicine which will greatly improve the efficacy of diabetes treatment.

Presentation of signet ring cell type at carcinoma ventriculi of the patient aged 20 years old

Introduction: Diffuse variant of GC is composed of gastric-type mucous cells, which generally do not form glands, but rather permit the mucosa and wall as scattered individual cells or small clusters in an “infiltrative” growth pattern. These cells appear to arise from the middle layer of the mucosa, and the presence of intestinal metaplasia is not a prerequisite. In this version, mucin formation expands the malignant cells and pushes the nucleus to the periphery, creating a “signet ring” conformation. If the signetring cells are more than 50% of the tumor, the tumor is classified as signetring cell carcinoma [1]. This case is important for reporting because we encountered for the first time such a carcinoma type, due to the new age and its atypical presentation. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 20 years Albanian old patient with Signet Ring Cell Type of Gastric CA. The patient was brought at the urgency with severe abdominal pain, nausea and peritoneal irritation. Clinical examination has been made in emergency, where we conclude the signs of peritoneal irritation, from native Ro no signs of pneumoperitoneum, while laboratory tests found a slight anemia (erythrocytes 3.36, HCT 25, HGB 8.6). Two hours later we repeated the native RTG and there were present the signs of pneumoperitoneum. It was indicated urgent surgical in-tervention. Intraoperatively, we found Ulcer duodenal perforation and?undertook the operation procedures by Roscoe Graham technique. Conclusions: At this age, it is rare, and it is difficult to detect in its early stages, because the signs and symptoms are often non-existent, non-specific, or mimic as an ulcer. The most common symptoms are early heartburn indigestion, abdominal pain or discomfort, vomiting, constipation, diarrhea or to feel of filling after a small meal, loss of appetite, weakness and fatigue. Less common symptoms are anemia and weight loss.

Differential expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor splice variants in the mouse brain

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF) plays a critical role in neuronal survival and function. GDNF has two major splice variants in the brain,α-pro-GDNF and β-pro-GDNF, and both isoforms have strong neuroprotective effects on dopamine neurons. However, the expression of the GDNF splice variants in dopaminergic neurons in the brain remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the mRNA and protein expression of α-and β-pro-GDNF in the mouse brain by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, using splice variant-specific primers, and western blot analysis. At the mRNA level,β-pro-GDNF expression was significantly greater than that of α-pro-GDNF in the mouse brain. In contrast, at the protein level,α-pro-GDNF expression was markedly greater than that of β-pro-GDNF. To clarify the mechanism underlying this inverse relationship in mRNA and protein expression levels of the GDNF splice variants, we analyzed the expression of sorting protein-related receptor with A-type repeats(SorLA) by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. At the mRNA level, SorLA was positively associated with β-pro-GDNF expression, but not with α-pro-GDNF expression. This suggests that the differential expression of α-and β-pro-GDNF in the mouse brain is related to SorLA expression. As a sorting protein, SorLA could contribute to the inverse relationship among the mRNA and protein levels of the GDNF isoforms. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xuzhou Medical University, China on July 14, 2016.

基于数据挖掘探讨新型冠状病毒感染的中医证型规律

目的:对安徽省2022年12月19日—2022年12月27日861例新型冠状病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的中医证型要素进行分析,探究其中医证型规律。方法:通过问卷星、腾讯文档等平台收集感染者的临床资料,以此建立数据库,通过IBM SPSS Statistics 25平台予以关联规则、聚类分析及因子分析对上述数据挖掘,分析新冠病毒奥密克戎变异株感染者的中医证型特点。结果:中医证型包括疫毒束表证、寒湿郁肺证、湿热蕴肺证、湿毒郁肺证、疫毒夹燥证、肺脾气虚证、气阴两虚证7种。关联规则显示恶寒和寒战同时出现较其他症状同时出现可能性大。聚类分析涉及7种病性要素(表寒、郁热、寒湿、湿热、气虚、阳虚、阴虚)、6种病位要素(肺、脾、胃、肝、胆、肾);因子分析涉及7种病性要素(表寒、郁热、寒湿、湿热、气虚、阳虚、阴虚)、7种病位要素(肺、脾、胃、肝、胆、肾、大肠)。聚类分析和因子分析推导出相似的结论,反映了新型冠状病毒感染的本质。结论:新型冠状病毒感染病因以寒为主,夹有湿邪,具有伤阳耗气、束表化热等特点;病性为虚实夹杂,病位主要责之肺脾,并涉及胃、肝、胆、肾、大肠,证型以寒湿郁肺证和疫毒束表证为主。

徽州传统民居木构架的结构类型及其特征分析

对抬梁式和穿斗式的结构特征进行辨析,分析徽州不同地域的民居样本,总结出徽州传统民居主体木构架结构类型丰富且多为插梁式、插额式、插额插梁式、外减柱式等穿斗式变体。同时穿斗式变体的产生与选择主要受空间需求、经济、建筑规模、时代变迁等多方面因素的综合影响。

三种近缘豆科牧草植物花粉形态特征观察与比较

为研究野生黄花型扁蓿豆分类归属问题,提供扁蓿豆物种鉴定和分属依据。对野生黄花型扁蓿豆(Medicago ruthenica L.)、扁蓿豆和黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata L.)的花粉形态特征进行了观察和测量,比较三者之间的差异。结果表明,两种扁蓿豆和黄花苜蓿的花粉均属N_(3)P_(4)C_(5)型单粒花粉,两种扁蓿豆花粉大小相近,均小于黄花苜蓿。但三者花粉外壁纹饰存在较大差异。黄花型扁蓿豆和扁蓿豆花粉表面具蜡质,黄花苜蓿花粉表面蜡质极少;黄花型扁蓿豆花粉外壁纹饰以穴状纹饰为主、伴有少量脑状纹饰,扁蓿豆花粉外壁纹饰整体为穴状纹饰,黄花苜蓿花粉外壁纹饰则整体为脑状纹饰。研究结果显示:黄花型扁蓿豆花粉外壁纹饰与扁蓿豆相近,与黄花苜蓿差异较明显,可作为扁蓿豆物种及不同种质的区分依据。

Pharmacogenetics of type 2 diabetes mellitus: An example of success in clinical and translational medicine

The pharmacological interventions currently available to control type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) show a wide interindividual variability in drug response, emphasizing the importance of a personalized, more effective medical treatment for each individual patient. In this context, a growing interest has emerged in recent years and has focused on pharmacogenetics, a discipline aimed at understanding the variability in patients' drug response, making it possible to predict which drug is best for each patient and at what doses. Recent pharmacological and clinical evidences indicate that genetic polymorphisms(or genetic variations) of certain genes can adversely affect drug response and therapeutic efficacy of oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with T2 DM, through pharmacokinetic- and/or pharmacodynamic-based mechanisms that may reduce the therapeutic effects or increase toxicity. For example, genetic variants in genes encoding enzymes of the cytochrome P-450 superfamily, or proteins of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel on the beta-cell of the pancreas, are responsible for the interindividual variability of drug response to sulfonylureas in patients with T2 DM. Instead, genetic variants in the genes that encode for the organic cation transporters of metformin have been related to changes in both pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic responses to metformin in metformin-treated patients. Thus, based on the individual's genotype, the possibility, in these subjects, of a personalized therapy constitutes the main goal of pharmacogenetics, directly leading to the development of the right medicine for the right patient. Undoubtedly, this represents an integral part of the translational medicine network.

A Variant of Fermat’s Diophantine Equation

A variant of Fermat’s last Diophantine equation is proposed by adjusting the number of terms in accord with the power of terms and a theorem describing the solubility conditions is stated. Numerically obtained primitive solutions are presented for several cases with number of terms equal to or greater than powers. Further, geometric representations of solutions for the second and third power equations are devised by recasting the general equation in a form with rational solutions less than unity. Finally, it is suggested to consider negative and complex integers in seeking solutions to Diophantine forms in general.

血府逐瘀汤治疗胸闷变异性哮喘的临床运用探析

血府逐瘀汤出自清代王清任《医林改错》,治疗“胸不任物、胸任重物”等气滞血瘀所致的多种病状。胸闷变异性哮喘(chest tightness variant asthma,CTVA)是支气管哮喘的一种特殊类型,临床以“胸闷”症状为主,肺功能提示气道激发试验阳性或可逆性气流受限。CTVA患者常因情志、过敏、外感等因素诱发或加重,胸部憋闷,情绪烦躁,抑郁不舒,舌质偏暗,可伴瘀点,舌下络脉迂曲青紫或偏暗。患者体质类型主要涉及气郁质、血瘀质、特禀质,以气滞血瘀、枢机不利、宣降失司、出入失序为核心病机。血府逐瘀汤作为主方治疗CTVA,以理气活血,和调枢机,降逆平喘,终获良效。

考虑修理工可变休假的n中取k系统可靠性模型

针对装备保障中维修调度对装备训练及可靠性的影响,将支队级修理所保障多艘舰船维修工作的情况抽象为单一维修台保障多个系统的维修力量调度分配,引入修理工可变休假策略对其进行描述,以装备结构中常见的n中取k系统为研究对象,针对以往研究利用指数分布等典型分布导致模型约束条件过于严格的问题,利用连续Phase-type分布描述了系统相关随机变量,构建系统可靠性解析模型,通过算例验证了模型适用性,模拟分析了修理工有无休假、修理工休假速率等相关因子对系统运行指标产生的各种影响。算例结果表明,该可靠性模型可以有效复现维修力量调度对n中取k系统可靠性的影响,可为修理工休假次数的合理安排、系统部件数量的优化配置提供理论基础和实践参考。

《迎春乐》词调研究

《迎春乐》词调的起源与体式向来众说纷纭。通过对晏殊、柳永和无名氏的词进行分析,按照词作最初咏调名本意的惯例,排除了柳永为创调的可能,晏殊的词与无名氏的词在内容、声情及用韵上存在着应和模仿之迹,而无名氏的词上片第三句不用韵乃仅此一例,此后所有词作皆用韵,由此判断无名氏的词应是尚未定型的体式之初,应为创调。本着简洁原则,该文不轻易分出另一体,而是将字数相同、句数相同,且一句中字数也相同者皆列为一体,偶尔的一处用韵差异与折腰句法皆不另列一体,最终将此调体式分为八体,列最早无名氏的词与数量最多的周邦彦的词为正体,既能看出词调源头,又能看出体式发展最繁盛者,其余6种体式多为单独呈现,列为变体。

俞建辨治儿童新型冠状病毒感染经验——附危重型验案1则

介绍俞建教授以扶正解毒、标本兼顾为原则治疗儿童感染新型冠状病毒的经验。俞教授提出,儿童新型冠状病毒感染以卫分和气分表现为主;儿童新型冠状病毒肺炎轻型多为风热证和风热挟湿证,普通型出现疫毒入肺表现,重型/危重型则疫毒侵袭更为深入。其中,针对重型/危重型,需中西医联合救治,标本兼顾,俞教授对宣肺败毒方进行化裁,使其更适宜于重型/危重型新型冠状病毒肺炎患儿的清热透邪、泻肺解毒治法。并附危重型验案1则。

九味麻杏颗粒治疗咳嗽变异性哮喘的机制及疗效观察

目的探讨九味麻杏颗粒治疗咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠的作用机制及疗效。方法选取雄性豚鼠30只,体质量200~250 g,随机分为5组,即正常组、模型组、拮抗剂组、西药组、中药组,每组6只。建立以咳嗽变异性哮喘(cough variant asthma,CVA)为基础的咳嗽敏感增高豚鼠模型,除正常组和模型组外,其余3组分别在豚鼠模型上给药,其中拮抗剂组腹腔注射钌红,西药组给予阿斯美灌胃,中药组给予九味麻杏颗粒灌胃,观察给药后各组辣椒素雾化后3 min咳嗽次数、气道神经源性炎症相关通路蛋白的瞬时电位感受器香草醛受体1(transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1,TRPV1)、神经生长因子(nerve growth factor,NGF)、P物质(substance P,SP)、神经激肽-1受体(neurokinin-1 receptor,NK-1R)及其mRNA的表达情况。结果给药后,正常组、拮抗剂组、西药组嗽次数均低于模型组;正常组、西药组、中药组肺组织在TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK-1R表达水平均低于模型组;拮抗组肺组织的NGF、SP、NK-1R表达水平均低于模型组,且在TRPV1、NGF、NK-1R表达水平低于西药组;正常组、拮抗组、西药组、中药组肺组织免疫组化TRPV1、NGF、SP、NK-1R表达的AOD(average optical density,AOD)值均低于模型组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论九味麻杏颗粒通过调控气道神经源性炎症相关TRPV1-NGF-SP-NK-1R通路治疗CVA,疗效显著。